本文選題：獨柱墩 + 城市高架橋　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：對獨柱式城市高架橋進(jìn)行高效準(zhǔn)確的抗震分析及抗震設(shè)計,是目前國內(nèi)外工程抗震領(lǐng)域亟待解決的問題之一。本文結(jié)合浙江省交通運輸廳科技計劃項目“獨柱橋墩合理構(gòu)造型式及實用設(shè)計方法的研究(2010H32)”以及浙江省建設(shè)廳科研推廣項目“基于性能的獨柱式城市高架橋橋墩抗震理論分析及試驗研究(20142129)”,以獨柱式城市高架橋為背景,對獨柱墩構(gòu)件及橋梁系統(tǒng)的抗震分析、設(shè)計以及評估方法進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的數(shù)值計算和理論分析。主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下：(1)對不同施工工藝的獨柱墩進(jìn)行了基于塑性鉸模型的抗震性能分析；針對不同的抗震性態(tài)評價指標(biāo),得出每一個評價指標(biāo)所對應(yīng)的最適合的塑性鉸模型,為橋梁抗震工作者提供理論指導(dǎo)。(2)提出了改進(jìn)的基于統(tǒng)計線性化的非線性隨機振動虛擬激勵法,通過算例進(jìn)行驗證,發(fā)現(xiàn)此方法突破了隨機振動計算效率低的瓶頸,并且比常規(guī)的反應(yīng)譜法更精確,比動力時程法更高效；以獨柱式城市高架橋為研究算例,對其進(jìn)行相關(guān)參數(shù)的影響分析,結(jié)果表明采用本文所提算法進(jìn)行計算時,隨著獨柱墩墩高、橋梁跨度與跨數(shù)、視波速以及相干效應(yīng)的變化,對應(yīng)的墩頂、墩底的內(nèi)力及位移會有不同規(guī)律的變化,此結(jié)論可為獨柱式城市高架橋的抗震分析提供準(zhǔn)確的理論依據(jù)。(3)基于性能的抗震設(shè)計理念,確定了城市高架橋的抗震設(shè)防水準(zhǔn)、性能水準(zhǔn)以及對應(yīng)的性能目標(biāo)；結(jié)合模糊邏輯控制法、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)法、自適應(yīng)遺傳算法的優(yōu)點,提出了一種可以考慮非線性的基于性能的獨柱橋墩的抗震設(shè)計方法；選取不同截面型式的獨柱墩進(jìn)行驗算,發(fā)現(xiàn)由此算法所確定的最優(yōu)設(shè)計方案不僅可以滿足抗震等級要求及結(jié)構(gòu)性能要求,還可以最大限度地減少工程造價；對設(shè)計結(jié)果進(jìn)行Pushover分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其能力曲線與試驗滯回環(huán)的包絡(luò)曲線骨架基本一致,說明所提算法的實用性及精確性；將此算法應(yīng)用于獨柱式城市高架橋獨柱墩的抗震設(shè)計中,可方便、準(zhǔn)確、高效的確定其最優(yōu)設(shè)計方案。(4)以可靠度理論為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合能量抗震分析方法,提出了基于滯回能的獨柱式城市高架橋抗震設(shè)計方法；通過算例研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：采用此方法確定的獨柱式城市高架橋的動力可靠度與地震動平穩(wěn)持時和地震動譜強度因子有關(guān),隨著平穩(wěn)持時和譜強度因子的增加,橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的動力可靠度會逐漸減小。(5)以基于性能和的可靠度的抗震設(shè)計理論為基礎(chǔ),對不同抗震設(shè)防水準(zhǔn)下的獨柱式城市高架橋進(jìn)行抗震性能理論分析；采用非線性隨機有限元法和概率Pushover法對研究算例進(jìn)行橋墩及橋梁整體的可靠性研究；結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：橋梁整體的失效概率大于單個構(gòu)件的失效概率；橋梁整體失效概率隨著PGA和震級的增加而增加；橋梁在橫向更易損壞,因此具有較大的地震風(fēng)險；非線性隨機有限元法與概率Pushover法的計算結(jié)果基本一致,但前者的計算值偏小,偏于保守。(6)以全概率理論為基礎(chǔ),基于性能的地震工程框架,引入IDA法,對橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行概率地震需求分析,求得易損性曲線,結(jié)合地震危險性分析,對通過拉丁超立方體抽樣法選取的8個獨柱式城市高架橋樣本進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬與計算,最終從概率的角度對研究算例進(jìn)行抗震性能評估；結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：在縱向和橫向地震輸入下,八個橋梁樣本均滿足多重抗震設(shè)防水準(zhǔn),無論在哪一級的性能水準(zhǔn)下均能正常服役,有較高的安全儲備,為橋梁工作者提供了一種簡單可靠的抗震性能評估方法。
[Abstract]:An efficient and accurate seismic analysis and aseismic design for the single pillar urban viaduct is one of the problems to be solved in the field of earthquake resistance at home and abroad. This paper combines the scientific and technological plan of the Zhejiang provincial transportation department, "the research on the rational structural type and the practical design method of the single column pier (2010H32)" and the scientific research of the Construction Department of Zhejiang Province The anti seismic theory analysis and experimental study of the single column type urban viaduct pier based on performance (20142129). Based on the single column urban viaduct, the seismic analysis, design and evaluation method of the single column pier and bridge system are calculated and analyzed. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) the aseismic performance analysis based on plastic hinge model for the single column pier with different construction technology is carried out, and the most suitable plastic hinge model for each evaluation index is obtained according to the different evaluation indexes of seismic behavior, which provides the theoretical guidance for the bridge aseismatic workers. (2) an improved nonlinear linear model based on the statistical linearization is proposed. The virtual vibration excitation method is verified by an example. It is found that this method breaks through the bottleneck of the low efficiency of the random vibration calculation and is more accurate than the conventional response spectrum method and is more efficient than the dynamic time history method. The analysis of the influence of the relative parameters on the single column urban viaduct is taken as an example. The results show that the proposed calculation is used in this paper. When the method is calculated, with the height of the single column pier, the span and span of the bridge, the variation of the apparent wave velocity and the coherence effect, the internal force and displacement of the pier top and the bottom of the pier will vary in different laws. This conclusion can provide an accurate theoretical basis for the aseismic analysis of the single pillar city viaduct. (3) the city based on the performance-based seismic design concept has determined the city. The seismic fortification level, performance level and corresponding performance target of the city viaduct, and combining the advantages of fuzzy logic control method, neural network method and adaptive genetic algorithm, a kind of seismic design method which can consider the nonlinear single column pier based on performance is proposed. The optimal design scheme determined by this algorithm can not only meet the requirements of the seismic grade and the structural performance, but also reduce the cost of the project to the maximum. The Pushover analysis of the design results shows that the capability curve is basically the same as the enveloping curve framework of the test hysteresis loop, which shows the practicability and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. This algorithm is applied to the aseismic design of single pillar city viaduct single column pier, which is convenient, accurate and efficient. (4) based on the reliability theory and combined with the energy seismic analysis method, the anti earthquake design method of the single column urban viaduct based on hysteresis energy is put forward. The dynamic reliability of the single column urban viaduct determined by this method is related to the earthquake dynamic stable holding time and the seismic dynamic spectrum intensity factor. With the steady holding time and the spectral intensity factor increasing, the dynamic reliability of the bridge structure will gradually decrease. (5) based on the seismic design theory based on the performance and reliability, the waterproofing of different aseismic design is made. The aseismic performance of the single column urban viaduct is analyzed, and the reliability of the bridge pier and the whole bridge is studied by the nonlinear stochastic finite element method and the probability Pushover method. The results show that the failure probability of the bridge is greater than the failure probability of the single member; the overall failure probability of the bridge is with the PGA and the earthquake. The bridge is more prone to damage in the transverse direction, so it has greater seismic risk; the nonlinear stochastic finite element method is basically the same with the probability Pushover method, but the calculation value of the former is small and conservative. (6) based on the full probability theory, the IDA method is introduced to the bridge structure based on the performance based seismic engineering framework. The probability seismic demand analysis is carried out, the vulnerability curve is obtained, and combined with the seismic hazard analysis, 8 single column urban viaducts selected from the Latin hypercube sampling method are simulated and calculated, and the seismic performance evaluation is carried out from the probability point of view. The results are found in the longitudinal and lateral seismic input. At the same time, the eight Bridge samples all meet the multiple seismic fortification level. No matter which level of the performance level can be served normally and has a high safety reserve, it provides a simple and reliable seismic performance evaluation method for the bridge workers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55

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