本文選題：車聯(lián)網(wǎng) + MAC協(xié)議�。� 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：車聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks,VANETs),作為一種特殊的移動(dòng)Ad-hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Mobile Ad-hoc Networks,MANETs),具有車輛行駛軌跡受道路限制、節(jié)點(diǎn)性能不作考慮等特點(diǎn),將在下一代智能交通系統(tǒng)(Intelligent Transport System,ITS)中發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用。在車聯(lián)網(wǎng)所提供的各種服務(wù)中,保證緊急安全信息的交付工作將是一個(gè)極其重要的里程碑。駕駛員在利用更好的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信技術(shù)快速、準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)地獲取到特定的安全信息,迅速地了解到路況條件、車輛信息等,就能提前做出應(yīng)對(duì)措施,從而有效減少交通事故的發(fā)生。因此,為車聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)一種高效、穩(wěn)定、快速的接入?yún)f(xié)議,不僅有利于車聯(lián)網(wǎng)路由廣播協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn),更有極其重要的未來(lái)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本課題重點(diǎn)研究了車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入?yún)f(xié)議,提出了一種自適應(yīng)需求無(wú)信息包碰撞的服務(wù)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)緊急安全消息的MAC接入?yún)f(xié)議(DAM協(xié)議),并描述了該類接入?yún)f(xié)議與其他現(xiàn)有協(xié)議在應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景方面的動(dòng)態(tài)切換接入設(shè)計(jì)。DAM協(xié)議在利用車聯(lián)網(wǎng)主要特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景特性下,吸取借鑒了一些優(yōu)秀的接入?yún)f(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)思想和設(shè)計(jì)原理。通過(guò)路邊通信單元對(duì)申請(qǐng)階段、信息階段時(shí)隙的動(dòng)態(tài)管理分配,DAM協(xié)議可以自適應(yīng)地實(shí)現(xiàn)為有網(wǎng)絡(luò)需求的車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)分配獨(dú)占時(shí)隙;通過(guò)主從模式和TDMA機(jī)制,DAM協(xié)議可以避免攜有緊急安全消息的信息包發(fā)生沖突碰撞。本論文研究的主要內(nèi)容有:1.分析現(xiàn)有的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議,深入了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論和仿真原理。從接入?yún)f(xié)議的分類入手,了解各種表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀的接入?yún)f(xié)議的原理機(jī)制、特性及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)等,為本課題的協(xié)議研究奠定基石。2.根據(jù)實(shí)際交通環(huán)境抽象出不同的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景,提出基于應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景的動(dòng)態(tài)MAC接入設(shè)計(jì),發(fā)揮不同接入?yún)f(xié)議的優(yōu)勢(shì),規(guī)避其缺點(diǎn)和不足。3.根據(jù)性能衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在已有協(xié)議的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)其缺陷進(jìn)行改進(jìn)和設(shè)計(jì),提出了一種自適應(yīng)需求無(wú)信息包碰撞的接入?yún)f(xié)議。該接入?yún)f(xié)議能有效減少時(shí)延、降低沖突率。4.設(shè)計(jì)接入?yún)f(xié)議實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ?完成仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),收集仿真結(jié)果并進(jìn)行性能分析。本文采用OPNET Modeler仿真平臺(tái)進(jìn)行內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)的三層建模,對(duì)提出的接入?yún)f(xié)議進(jìn)行模擬仿真,收集仿真結(jié)果,在相同環(huán)境下與其他接入?yún)f(xié)議進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。
[Abstract]:As a special mobile Ad-hoc network, the Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), as a special mobile Ad-hoc network, will play an important role in the next generation of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs) because it has the characteristics that the vehicle track is restricted by the road and the performance of the nodes is not considered. The delivery of emergency security information will be an extremely important milestone in the various services provided by the car network. In the use of better vehicle networking communication technology to obtain specific safety information quickly, accurately, and in time, and to quickly understand road conditions and vehicle information, drivers can make early response measures. In order to effectively reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents. Therefore, designing an efficient, stable and fast access protocol for vehicle networking is not only conducive to the implementation of routing and broadcasting protocols for vehicle networking, but also of great value and practical significance in the future. In this paper, we focus on the research of the access protocol of vehicle networking. In this paper, we propose an adaptive MAC access protocol for emergency messages in service vehicle network without packet collision, and describe the dynamic switching access settings between this access protocol and other existing protocols in application scenarios. Under the main characteristics of vehicle networking and application scenarios, Draw lessons from some excellent access protocol design ideas and design principles. In the application phase of the roadside communication unit, the dynamic management and allocation of time slots in the information phase can be implemented adaptively to allocate exclusive time slots to vehicle nodes with network requirements. Through master-slave mode and TDMA mechanism, the dam protocol can avoid collision of packets with emergency security messages. The main content of this thesis is 1: 1. This paper analyzes the existing vehicle networking protocols and deeply understands the network theory and simulation principle. Starting with the classification of access protocols, we understand the principle, mechanism, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of excellent access protocols, and lay a foundation stone for the protocol research of this topic. According to the actual traffic environment, different application scenarios are abstracted, and a dynamic MAC access design based on the application scenario is proposed to give full play to the advantages of different access protocols and to avoid its shortcomings and shortcomings. According to the performance measurement standard and on the basis of the existing protocols, an adaptive access protocol with no packet collision is proposed to improve and design its defects. The access protocol can effectively reduce the delay and reduce the collision rate. Design the access protocol experiment model, complete the simulation experiment, collect the simulation results and analyze the performance. In this paper, the OPNET Modeler simulation platform is used to model the internal system. The proposed access protocol is simulated, the simulation results are collected and compared with other access protocols in the same environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TN929.5

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