本文選題：凍土 + 路基病害��； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：凍融作用是在多年凍土地區(qū)修筑工程構(gòu)筑物所面臨的重大挑戰(zhàn)之一。青藏高原凍土區(qū)公路的凍脹、沉降、路面破裂、邊坡失穩(wěn)等一系列病害,因為凍融作用的影響而較之正常地區(qū)更為嚴(yán)重。凍土區(qū)公路路基病害具有鏈?zhǔn)揭?guī)律,病害鏈中傳遞的能量包括機械能(車輛荷載),輻射能(主要是外因中的太陽光輻射)和熱能(氣候變化導(dǎo)致的熱量聚集)。水、輻射能和熱能是導(dǎo)致凍土區(qū)公路路基病害的主要鏈源,掌握鏈源的傳遞規(guī)律,隔斷和消弱輻射能(光能)和熱能的傳遞,可以有效的防治凍土區(qū)公路路基病害。為此,本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金項目“基于災(zāi)變鏈?zhǔn)嚼碚摰亩喾N災(zāi)害演化規(guī)律探索”(項目批準(zhǔn)號:50879097)和教育部長江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團隊發(fā)展計劃項目“山區(qū)巖土工程”(項目批準(zhǔn)號:IRT1045)的資助下,基于理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場試驗,對凍土區(qū)公路路基病害鏈鏈源特征及斷鏈防治原理等問題進(jìn)行了全面深入的研究,論文的主要研究工作如下:①在調(diào)查分析凍土區(qū)路基病害類型及原因的基礎(chǔ)上,運用鏈?zhǔn)嚼碚撎岢隽恕肮凡『︽湣备拍詈汀皵噫湻乐巍痹?并對青藏公路和青康公路等凍土區(qū)公路的路基病害鏈鏈源的“鏈?zhǔn)叫?yīng)特征”及斷鏈防治的機制進(jìn)行研究。②病害鏈中傳遞的水和熱能是導(dǎo)致凍土區(qū)公路路基病害的主要鏈源,通過路面、地基、邊坡等外環(huán)境進(jìn)入路基病害鏈。利用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)及ARMA模型建立了重要的外環(huán)境之一—瀝青路面溫度預(yù)測模型,結(jié)果表明BP模型對日最高溫度的預(yù)測精度較低,對其它區(qū)間的預(yù)測誤差在5%左右。研究成果豐富了瀝青路面溫度的預(yù)測方法,為工程需要假定路基溫度場在一較短時長內(nèi)的溫度條件提供了參考依據(jù)。③運用熱傳導(dǎo)理論,推導(dǎo)了對初始及邊值條件適應(yīng)性強的單層及多層平板導(dǎo)熱微分方程求解的差分格式。結(jié)合積分變換法、分離變量法以及待定系數(shù)法推導(dǎo)了單層半無限平板以及單層及雙層平板的解析解,并運用差分計算分析了隔斷類斷鏈防治技術(shù)—XPS板隔熱層的作用機理及效果。現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)分析進(jìn)一步驗證XPS板隔熱層的作用機理和多層平板導(dǎo)熱微分方程差分法的適用性。④考慮“通風(fēng)管內(nèi)風(fēng)速”這一要素,構(gòu)建流暢與溫度場耦合的通風(fēng)管路基理論模型,通過數(shù)值模擬詳細(xì)分析了消弱類斷鏈防治技術(shù)的作用機理及效果。通過研究通風(fēng)管路基試驗段溫度場的實測數(shù)據(jù)分析了路基溫度場的變化規(guī)律,進(jìn)一步驗證了考慮管內(nèi)風(fēng)速影響的通風(fēng)管的作用機理。⑤對于另一外環(huán)境——邊坡,考慮水-冰相變后含水率對其物理、力學(xué)性能的影響,比較了Janbu法、瑞典條分法、簡化Bishop法和數(shù)值分析中強度折減法,確定了凍土區(qū)高含水(冰)量粘土邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析的Janbu法并結(jié)合溫度場計算,分析了不同含水率及7級地震工況下的邊坡潛在滑裂面及安全系數(shù)。得到了可以用于凍土區(qū)高含水(冰)量粘土邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析的一個簡便的方法。
[Abstract]:Freezing thawing is one of the major challenges in the construction of engineering structures in permafrost regions. A series of diseases such as frost heave, settlement, pavement rupture and slope instability in the permafrost region of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau are more serious because of the effect of freezing and thawing. The road subgrade disease in the permafrost region has a chain rule, and the disease chain is transmitted. The energy of delivery includes mechanical energy (vehicle load), radiation energy (mainly the solar radiation in the external cause) and heat energy (the heat accumulation caused by climate change). Water, radiant energy and heat energy are the main chain sources of highway subgrade disease in the frozen soil area. It can master the transmission law of the chain source, partition and weaken the radiant energy (light energy) and heat energy transfer, and can be effective. To prevent and control the disease of Highway Subgrade in frozen soil area, this paper is based on the National Natural Science Foundation Project "a variety of disaster evolution laws based on the catastrophic chain theory" (project approval number: 50879097) and the support of the "mountain geotechnical process" (project approval number: IRT1045) of the Yangtze River scholar and innovation team development plan project of the Ministry of Education (project approval number: IRT1045). Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test have been carried out to study the characteristics of the chain chain source of highway subgrade disease and the prevention and control principle of the broken chain. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. On the basis of the investigation and analysis of the types and causes of the subgrade disease in the frozen soil area, the chain theory is used to put forward the "highway disease chain". The "chain effect characteristics" and the mechanism of chain fracture prevention and control are studied on the road subgrade chain source of the Qinghai Tibet highway and Qingkang highway. 2. The water and heat energy transmitted in the disease chain are the main source of the road subgrade disease in the frozen soil area, and the external environment through the pavement, the foundation, the slope and the same environment are entered. The BP neural network and ARMA model have been used to establish an important external environment, one of the important external environment, the prediction model of asphalt pavement temperature. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the BP model to the daily maximum temperature is low, and the prediction error is about 5%. The research results enrich the prediction method of the asphalt pavement temperature, which is supposed to be assumed for the project. The temperature field of subgrade provides a reference for the temperature conditions in a relatively short time. (3) using the theory of heat conduction, the difference schemes for solving the heat conduction differential equations of single layer and multi layer plate with strong adaptability to the initial and boundary conditions are derived. The analytical solution of single layer and double deck plate is analyzed, and the effect mechanism and effect of XPS plate insulation layer are analyzed by difference calculation. The field measured data analysis is used to further verify the action mechanism of the insulation layer of XPS plate and the applicability of the differential equation difference method of the multi-layer plate heat conduction differential equation. 4. One factor is to build a theoretical model of Ventilation Pipe Subgrade coupled with fluid and temperature field. Through numerical simulation, the effect mechanism and effect of the weak chain control technology are analyzed in detail. The change law of the temperature field of the subgrade is analyzed by studying the measured data of the temperature field in the test section of the ventilation tube subgrade, and the influence of wind speed in the pipe is further verified. The effect of the other external environment - slope, considering the effect of water content on its physical and mechanical properties after water ice phase change, compares the Janbu method, the Swedish strip method, the simplified Bishop method and the strength reduction method in the numerical analysis, and determines the Janbu method of the stability analysis of the high water cut (ice) clay slope in the permafrost region and combines the temperature. In the degree field calculation, the potential slip surface and the safety factor of the slope under different water content and 7 magnitude earthquake conditions are analyzed. A simple method is obtained for the stability analysis of high water cut (ice) clay slope in the frozen soil area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U418.5

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