本文選題：橡膠支座 + 耐久性��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)的橋梁建設(shè)事業(yè)不斷地發(fā)展,橡膠支座已經(jīng)逐漸成為我國(guó)公路、鐵路等橋梁的重要組成部分。多種多樣的橋式大跨度橋梁在我國(guó)不斷地涌現(xiàn),體現(xiàn)出我國(guó)先進(jìn)的建筑水平的同時(shí),對(duì)橋梁支座的承載能力、耐久性能、對(duì)支座位移和轉(zhuǎn)角能力等性能要求不斷提高。橡膠支座的作用主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:第一是能夠?qū)⑸喜繕?gòu)造荷載可靠地傳遞給墩臺(tái),同時(shí)承受由荷載引起的結(jié)構(gòu)端部水平位移以及轉(zhuǎn)角等變形;第二是能夠適應(yīng)由于溫度、濕度等環(huán)境變化而引起的結(jié)構(gòu)脹縮變形;三是可以阻抗風(fēng)力、地震波等引起的結(jié)構(gòu)平移,減輕震動(dòng)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的不利影響。橡膠支座用的橡膠材料包括三元乙丙橡膠、聚異戊二烯橡膠、聚丁二烯橡膠、天然橡膠、氯丁橡膠等。天然橡膠與氯丁橡膠是我國(guó)制作橡膠支座的兩種橡膠材料,在交通部頒布的JT/T4-2004標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中是強(qiáng)制性的要求。普通板式橡膠支座在生產(chǎn)及使用過程中,由于材料質(zhì)量以及設(shè)計(jì)、老化與施工等原因,會(huì)出現(xiàn)橡膠支座老化、開裂等病害,威脅著人們的安全。因此研究?jī)煞N橡膠材料在侵蝕條件下的受力性能是做好橡膠支座的先決條件。本文主要針對(duì)天然橡膠進(jìn)行了凍融、鹽凍、濕熱、熱老化、硫酸腐蝕、硝酸腐蝕和硝硫酸腐蝕處理,其中硫酸腐蝕、硝酸腐蝕和硝硫酸腐蝕是將橡膠試件浸泡在PH=4.5的溶液中。在凍融、鹽凍中,分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60次的快速凍融;其他腐蝕處理是分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60天的快速腐蝕,經(jīng)過處理的試件進(jìn)行拉伸強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn);對(duì)氯丁橡膠進(jìn)行凍融、鹽凍、濕熱、熱老化、硫酸腐蝕、硝酸腐蝕和硝硫酸腐蝕處理,其中硫酸腐蝕、硝酸腐蝕和硝硫酸腐蝕是將橡膠試件浸泡在PH=4.5的溶液中。在凍融、鹽凍中,分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60次的快速凍融;其他腐蝕處理是分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60天的快速腐蝕,經(jīng)過處理的試件進(jìn)行拉伸強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn);針對(duì)天然橡膠與鋼板的粘合性能,進(jìn)行了凍融、鹽凍、濕熱、熱老化處理。在凍融和鹽凍試驗(yàn)中,分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60次的快速凍融;濕熱和熱老化處理是分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60天的快速腐蝕,經(jīng)過侵蝕處理的試件分別進(jìn)行了90°剝離粘合強(qiáng)度實(shí)驗(yàn);對(duì)氯丁橡膠與鋼板的粘合性能,進(jìn)行了凍融、鹽凍、濕熱、熱老化處理。在凍融和鹽凍試驗(yàn)中,分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60次的快速凍融;濕熱和熱老化處理是分別對(duì)試件進(jìn)行20、40、60天的快速腐蝕,經(jīng)過侵蝕處理的試件分別進(jìn)行了90°剝離粘合強(qiáng)度實(shí)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of bridge construction, rubber bearings have gradually become an important part of bridges such as roads and railways in China. There are many kinds of bridge type long-span bridges emerging in our country, which reflect the advanced building level in our country. At the same time, the performance requirements of bearing capacity, durability, bearing displacement and corner ability of the bridge support are constantly improved. The main functions of rubber bearings are as follows: first, the upper structural load can be reliably transferred to the pier and abutment, and at the same time, the horizontal displacement and corner deformation of the end of the structure caused by the load can be subjected to; the second is the ability to adapt to the temperature. The deformation caused by humidity and other environmental changes, the third is that the structure can be shifted by impedance wind force and seismic wave, and the adverse effect of vibration on the structure can be mitigated. Rubber bearings for rubber materials including EPDM, polyisoprene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, Chloroprene rubber and so on. Natural rubber and Chloroprene rubber are two kinds of rubber materials for making rubber bearings in China. They are mandatory requirements in JT/T4-2004 standard issued by Ministry of Communications. In the process of production and use of ordinary plate rubber bearings, due to the quality of materials, design, aging and construction, rubber bearings will be aging, cracking and other diseases, threatening the safety of people. Therefore, it is a precondition to study the mechanical properties of two rubber materials under erosion condition. In this paper, natural rubber was treated by freeze-thawing, salt freezing, wet heat, thermal aging, sulfuric acid corrosion, nitric acid corrosion and nitrate-sulfuric acid corrosion, among which sulfuric acid corrosion, nitric acid corrosion and nitrate sulfuric acid corrosion were the solution of the rubber specimen immersed in PH=4.5 solution. In freeze-thaw and salt freeze-thawing, the specimens were frozen and thawed for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 times respectively; the other corrosion treatments were for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 days of rapid corrosion respectively, and the treated specimens were subjected to tensile strength tests; Chloroprene rubber was freeze-thawed, salt-frozen, wet and hot. Thermal aging, sulfuric acid corrosion, nitric acid corrosion and nitrate sulfuric acid corrosion treatment, in which sulfuric acid corrosion, nitric acid corrosion and nitrate sulfuric acid corrosion is the rubber specimen immersed in the solution of PH=4.5. In freeze-thaw and salt freeze-thawing, the specimens were frozen and thawed for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 times respectively; other corrosion treatments were for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 days of rapid corrosion on the specimens, and tensile strength tests were carried out on the treated specimens; and for the adhesive properties of natural rubber and steel plates, Freezing and thawing, salt freezing, damp and heat, and heat aging were carried out. In the freeze-thaw and salt freezing tests, the specimens were frozen and thawed for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 times respectively, the wet heat and hot aging treatments were applied to the specimens for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 days of rapid corrosion, respectively, and the specimens subjected to corrosion treatment were subjected to 90 擄peeling bonding strength experiments, respectively. The adhesion properties of Chloroprene rubber and steel plate were treated by freeze-thawing, salt freezing, wet heat and heat aging. In the freeze-thaw and salt freezing tests, the specimens were frozen and thawed for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 times respectively, and the specimens were corroded for 20 ~ 40 ~ 60 days respectively by wet heat and hot aging, and the specimens subjected to corrosion were subjected to 90 擄peeling bonding strength experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U446.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

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本文編號(hào)：1851056