本文選題：可靠度 + 三維視距　； 參考：《東南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：道路交通以其快捷、方便的特點,在我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中起到了中流砥柱的作用,現(xiàn)已成為我國現(xiàn)階段交通方式的一個重要組成部分。但隨著機動車數(shù)量和新車型使用量的增加,我國的交通安全持續(xù)著惡化的趨勢。視距作為道路線形幾何設計的關鍵因素,是保障駕駛?cè)诵熊嚢踩闹匾笜?尤其是在隧道內(nèi)。但當前視距的研究大多采用確定性分析方法,忽略了道路的三維本質(zhì)。因此,本文以城市隧道為例,通過行車視距的可靠性分析和三維幾何線形的行車視距分析及其在交通安全評價中的應用,研究了道路設計要素對駕駛?cè)送＼囈暰嗟挠绊�。在此基礎上,本文對道路線形的可靠性設計方法流程進行了分析,并提出了基于可靠性性理論的道路線形近期和遠期設計框架。本論文主要包括以下內(nèi)容：(1)將可靠性應用于道路停車視距分析中,通過建立不同線形的可靠性功能函數(shù),分析了運行速度、路面摩擦系數(shù)、曲線半徑、橫凈距和設計凈高等變量對駕駛?cè)嗽谒淼乐行旭倳r行車視距的影響。研究表明當平曲線半徑大于規(guī)范上的一般最小半徑,或當駕駛?cè)说倪\行速度不超過道路設計速度時,隧道平曲線半徑、駕駛?cè)说倪\行速度對駕駛?cè)嗽谒淼榔角�上的行車視距的影響較小。當橫凈距取值較小時,行車視距的失效概率較高。豎曲線半徑對駕駛?cè)说男熊囈暰嘤绊戄^小。駕駛?cè)诵熊囈暰鄬υO計凈高比較敏感。(2)建立了駕駛?cè)诵熊嚨娜S視距模型,分析了駕駛?cè)巳S視距和二維視距在普適情況下道路的平縱組合,尤其是在凸形豎曲線頂點插入小半徑平曲線時的不同。此外本文也分析了駕駛?cè)嗽谒淼佬旭偔h(huán)境中三維視距和二維視距的差異。研究表明凸形豎曲線頂點插入小半徑平曲線時,駕駛?cè)说娜S視距往往比二維視距較小,且駕駛?cè)说囊暰嘀饕善角�技術指標控制。在平縱組合時,.相對于平曲線的曲線半徑,豎曲線半徑影響較小,而對于單個豎曲線而言,半徑應該是影響視距的主要因素。此外,通過駕駛?cè)嗽谒淼佬旭偔h(huán)境下視距的分析,隧道的頂墻會影響駕駛?cè)说囊暰?且駕駛?cè)说娜S視距與行駛方向有關。(3)分析了傳統(tǒng)道路線形設計方法的設計流程和其存在的缺陷,之后提出了基于可靠性理論的道路線形設計的一般方法流程。并從近遠期角度,提出了發(fā)展基于可靠性理論道路線形設計的設計流程架構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:With its quick and convenient characteristics, road traffic has played a mainstay role in the economic development of our country, and has become an important part of the transportation mode in our country at present. However, with the increase of the number of motor vehicles and the use of new vehicles, the traffic safety in China continues to deteriorate. As a key factor of road alignment geometric design, visual distance is an important index to ensure driver's driving safety, especially in tunnel. However, most of the researches on visual range are based on deterministic analysis, ignoring the three-dimensional nature of the road. Therefore, taking the city tunnel as an example, this paper studies the influence of road design elements on the parking sight distance of the driver through the reliability analysis of the driving horizon, the analysis of the 3D geometric line of sight and its application in the evaluation of traffic safety. On this basis, this paper analyzes the reliability design process of road alignment, and puts forward the short-term and long-term design framework of road alignment based on reliability theory. This paper mainly includes the following contents: (1) the reliability is applied to the road parking sight range analysis. By establishing different linear reliability function, the running speed, road friction coefficient and curve radius are analyzed. The influence of transverse clear distance and design net height on the distance of sight when the driver is driving in the tunnel. The study shows that when the radius of the plane curve is larger than the general minimum radius in the specification, or when the driver's speed does not exceed the designed speed of the road, the tunnel plane curve radius, The driver's running speed has little effect on the driving horizon on the horizontal curve of the tunnel. When the net transverse distance is small, the failure probability of the distance of sight is higher. The radius of vertical curve has little effect on the driving distance. The driver's driving visual distance is sensitive to the design height. (2) the three-dimension visual distance model of the driver driving is established, and the combination of the driver's three-dimensional visual distance and the two-dimensional visual distance is analyzed under the condition of universal road. Especially when the vertex of a convex vertical curve is inserted into a small radius flat curve. In addition, this paper also analyzes the difference between three-dimensional and two-dimensional visual distance in tunnel driving environment. The research shows that when the vertex of convex vertical curve is inserted into a small radius flat curve, the three-dimensional visual distance of the driver is usually smaller than that of the two-dimensional horizon, and the driver's visual distance is mainly controlled by the technical index of the horizontal curve. In the horizontal and vertical combination. The radius of vertical curve has little effect on the radius of horizontal curve, but for a single vertical curve, radius should be the main factor affecting the distance of sight. In addition, through the analysis of the distance of sight of the driver in the driving environment of the tunnel, the top wall of the tunnel will affect the distance of sight of the driver. The design flow of the traditional road alignment design method and its defects are analyzed, and then the general method flow of road alignment design based on reliability theory is put forward. From the perspective of short-and long-term, the design process architecture of road alignment design based on reliability theory is proposed.
【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U412.3

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