本文選題：兩輪車輛 + 元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型��； 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在一些城市特別是中小城市中,道路上大量存在兩輪車輛,如人力自行車、電動(dòng)自行車、摩托車等,為了減少兩輪車與機(jī)動(dòng)車混行而產(chǎn)生的摩擦干擾以及意外事故,相關(guān)部門在機(jī)動(dòng)車道兩側(cè)設(shè)置了兩輪車專用道。由于兩輪車各自駕駛行為、運(yùn)行速度等基本特征不同,它們混合在一起形成的兩輪車流,給交通管理與控制帶來(lái)了一定的難度,同時(shí)也易形成交通事故,造成人員傷亡。因此,建立符合實(shí)際的交通流模型來(lái)研究?jī)奢嗆嚵鞯慕煌ㄌ匦?分析兩輪車專用道交通問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,并針對(duì)其原因提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)措施,具有十分重要的意義。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容為:首先研究了兩輪車的基本參數(shù),包括兩輪車的尺寸、速度、出行比例、加速度、制動(dòng)距離等參數(shù),然后對(duì)兩輪車騎車人的騎行特性以及兩輪車流特性進(jìn)行了分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上,引入兩輪車一般換道規(guī)則、鳴笛換道規(guī)則、激進(jìn)換道規(guī)則,并與改進(jìn)的NS模型耦合起來(lái),建立了兩輪車流元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型。同時(shí),定義混合比例這個(gè)變量對(duì)三種車所占的比例進(jìn)行了定量刻畫。研究了混合系數(shù)及鳴笛換道行為、激進(jìn)換道行為等因素對(duì)兩輪車交通流的影響。其次,針對(duì)逆行車輛混入后的兩輪車行駛特性,考慮逆向及正向行駛車輛遵循不同的換道規(guī)則,建立一種混入逆行車輛的兩輪車元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型。研究了逆行車比例、換道概率等因素對(duì)兩輪車流的影響。再次,針對(duì)兩輪車專用道某些路段經(jīng)常有行人橫穿兩輪車專用道這種現(xiàn)象,在分析行人穿越兩輪車專用道運(yùn)動(dòng)特性以及兩輪車在沖突地點(diǎn)的行駛特性后,建立了考慮行人橫穿的兩輪車專用道混合車流元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型,通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)仿真,研究了行人到達(dá)率、過(guò)街位置分布、過(guò)街位置數(shù)目對(duì)交通流的影響。最后,通過(guò)虛擬線圈法進(jìn)行了交通調(diào)查,并將交通調(diào)查所得兩輪車流的密度-流量相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)與上述三種模型的仿真數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,對(duì)比結(jié)果證明了模型的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:In some cities, especially in small and medium-sized cities, there are a large number of two-wheeled vehicles on the roads, such as human bicycles, electric bicycles, motorcycles, etc., in order to reduce the friction interference and accidents caused by two-wheeled vehicles mixed with motor vehicles,Relevant departments in the two-wheeler lane on both sides of the special lane.Because of the different driving behavior and running speed of the two wheeled vehicles, the two-wheeled vehicle flow formed by their mixing brings some difficulties to traffic management and control, at the same time, it is easy to form traffic accidents, resulting in casualties.Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a traffic flow model to study the traffic characteristics of two-wheeled traffic flow, to analyze the causes of traffic problems in two-wheeled traffic lanes, and to put forward corresponding improvement measures in view of the causes.The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic parameters of two-wheeled vehicle are studied, including the dimensions, speed, travel ratio, acceleration, braking distance and so on.Then, the characteristics of two-wheeled cyclists and two-wheeled vehicle flow are analyzed. On this basis, the general changing rules of two-wheeled vehicles, the siren changing rules and the radical changing rules are introduced, which are coupled with the improved NS model.The cellular automata model of two-wheel vehicle flow is established.At the same time, the proportion of three kinds of vehicles is quantitatively characterized by the variable of mixed proportion.The effects of mixing coefficient, siren changing behavior and radical changing road behavior on the traffic flow of two wheeled vehicles were studied.Secondly, according to the driving characteristics of two-wheeled vehicle after retrograde vehicle mixing, considering that reverse and forward vehicles follow different changing rules, a cellular automaton model of two-wheeled vehicle mixed with retrograde vehicle is established.The effects of the proportion of retrograde vehicles and the probability of changing lanes on the flow of two-wheeled vehicles are studied.Thirdly, in view of the phenomenon that pedestrians often cross two-wheeled lanes in some sections of two-wheeled vehicle lanes, after analyzing the movement characteristics of pedestrians passing through two-wheeled vehicle lanes and the driving characteristics of two-wheeled vehicles in conflict sites,The cellular automata model of mixed vehicle flow in two-wheeled vehicle lanes considering pedestrian crossing is established. By computer simulation, the influence of pedestrian arrival rate, crossing location distribution and the number of crossing locations on traffic flow is studied.Finally, the traffic investigation is carried out by virtual coil method, and the data of density-flow correlation are compared with the simulation data of the above three models, and the accuracy of the model is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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