本文選題：整流天線 + 車聯(lián)網(wǎng)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在信息化社會中，無線通信技術(shù)作為前沿科技已經(jīng)無處不在，同時，日新月異的改變著我們?nèi)粘Ｉ睢Ｔ谖锫?lián)網(wǎng)通信中，天線作為無線通信技術(shù)的入口信號變換器，其設(shè)計思路及性能的優(yōu)劣直接對通信信號的后續(xù)處理產(chǎn)生關(guān)鍵性的影響，因此對天線進行深入地研究和設(shè)計有著很重要的意義。 射頻識別技術(shù)（RFID）己經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是全球無線通信領(lǐng)域的研究熱點之一。它具有以下優(yōu)點：較高的傳輸精度、較快的讀寫速度、較好的保密性、較強的環(huán)境適應(yīng)性并且不用人工干預(yù)等。通過無線通信，RFID實現(xiàn)了讀寫信息和自動識別的短信息的迅速傳遞�，F(xiàn)如今在高頻和超高頻方面，射頻識別技術(shù)可以完成幾米甚至十幾米的通信，使它在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用方面，尤其是在車聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用中的研究和發(fā)展越來越成熟。因此，作為一種接收與發(fā)送信息的裝置，天線在射頻識別技術(shù)中作用亦顯得非常重要。隨著車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用和RFID對小型化天線越來越高的要求，微帶天線已經(jīng)大范圍的應(yīng)用，，故不斷研究它緊湊的結(jié)構(gòu)、較小的體積、低剖面、易于集成備受關(guān)注。 本文在分析微帶電路設(shè)計原理基礎(chǔ)上，重點對應(yīng)用在車聯(lián)網(wǎng)超高頻段的2.45GHz頻段的整流天線進行研究。文中討論了整流天線的接收部分低通濾波器、微波整流電路等各組成部分的電路原理，對其結(jié)構(gòu)和應(yīng)用進行了深入的分析和研究，然后通過引入微波光子晶體結(jié)構(gòu)天線的工作原理以及主要的設(shè)計方法，設(shè)計了一款光子晶體結(jié)構(gòu)改進型微帶天線，目標(biāo)是使其盡量小型化，設(shè)計還采用了缺陷地式結(jié)構(gòu)完成對微帶天線低通特性的改造，完成了2.45GHz低通濾波器特性改進；并采用HFSS軟件進行了輔助微波光子晶體結(jié)構(gòu)天線設(shè)計實驗，確定參數(shù)并進行了仿真與優(yōu)化。經(jīng)實驗測試，該天線的設(shè)計指標(biāo)可以達(dá)到4.25dBi的增益，當(dāng)輸入功率為16dBm、負(fù)載阻抗為250歐姆時，它的整流效率能達(dá)到百分之六十以上。證明此款天線具有較好的通信性能，在能保證天線增益的同時，較普通天線減小了尺寸，滿足了車聯(lián)網(wǎng)RFID終端對天線提高增益，減小尺寸的期望，推進了適應(yīng)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)微帶天線的實用化的應(yīng)用進程，保證了該整流天線的整體設(shè)計的合理性和實用性。同時，本設(shè)計的微帶天線還可擴展為多無線通信系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用，除了車載射頻識別系統(tǒng)外，還可以應(yīng)用于低功耗的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)以及其它低功耗用電設(shè)備。
[Abstract]:In the information society, wireless communication technology as the leading edge technology has been everywhere, at the same time, the daily life is changing with each passing day.In the Internet of things communication, antenna is used as the input signal converter of wireless communication technology. The design idea and performance of antenna have a critical effect on the subsequent processing of the communication signal.So it is very important to study and design the antenna deeply.Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been regarded as one of the research hotspots in the field of global wireless communication.It has the following advantages: higher transmission accuracy, faster reading and writing speed, better confidentiality, stronger environmental adaptability and no manual intervention.Through wireless communication RFID, the rapid transmission of read and write information and automatic identification of short message is realized.Nowadays, in the aspect of high frequency and ultra high frequency, radio frequency identification technology can complete the communication of several meters or even more than ten meters, which makes it more and more mature in the application of the Internet of things, especially in the application of the car network.Therefore, as a device to receive and transmit information, antenna plays an important role in RFID technology.With the wide use of vehicle networking and the increasing demand of RFID for miniaturized antennas, microstrip antennas have been widely used. Therefore, the study of compact structure, small volume, low profile and easy integration of microstrip antennas has attracted much attention.On the basis of analyzing the design principle of microstrip circuit, this paper focuses on the research of the rectifier antenna in 2.45GHz band applied in the UHF band of vehicle networking.In this paper, the circuit principle of the receiving part of the low-pass filter and the microwave rectifier circuit of the rectifier antenna is discussed, and its structure and application are deeply analyzed and studied.Then, by introducing the principle of microwave photonic crystal structure antenna and the main design method, a modified photonic crystal structure microstrip antenna is designed, the goal is to make it as small as possible.The low pass characteristic of the microstrip antenna is modified by using the defective ground structure, the characteristic of the 2.45GHz low pass filter is improved, and the design experiment of the microwave photonic crystal structure antenna is carried out with HFSS software.The parameters are determined and simulated and optimized.The experimental results show that the antenna can achieve the gain of 4.25dBi. When the input power is 16dBm and the load impedance is 250ohm, its rectifying efficiency can reach more than 60%.It is proved that the antenna has better communication performance, and the antenna gain can be guaranteed, and the size is smaller than that of the common antenna, which meets the expectation of increasing the antenna gain and reducing the size of the antenna at the RFID terminal in the vehicle network.The practical application process of the microstrip antenna adapted to the vehicle network is promoted, and the rationality and practicability of the overall design of the rectifier antenna are ensured.At the same time, the microstrip antenna designed in this paper can be extended to the application of multi-wireless communication system, in addition to the vehicle radio frequency identification system, it can also be used in low-power wireless sensor network systems and other low-power electric devices.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U495;U463.673;TP391.44

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