本文選題：TBM刀盤　切入點(diǎn)：疲勞壽命預(yù)測(cè)　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展進(jìn)入關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,地下空間的開發(fā)利用對(duì)于緩解地表空間緊張、完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)具有深遠(yuǎn)影響,我國(guó)已成為硬巖隧道掘進(jìn)設(shè)備(TBM)需求最大的國(guó)家。刀盤系統(tǒng)是影響TBM破巖效率的核心部件,但現(xiàn)有刀盤的設(shè)計(jì)較少考慮疲勞壽命,強(qiáng)振動(dòng)環(huán)境下刀盤裂紋的萌生與擴(kuò)展將極大影響施工效率甚至帶來安全隱患。因此開展刀盤疲勞全壽命預(yù)測(cè)研究對(duì)于TBM安全服役具有重要意義。在深入理解疲勞裂紋萌生和擴(kuò)展壽命預(yù)測(cè)理論與方法的前提下,本文針對(duì)TBM刀盤的疲勞全壽命預(yù)測(cè)問題,通過理論計(jì)算、仿真分析和試驗(yàn)研究的方式開展了相關(guān)研究,具體工作如下：(1)在分析刀盤受力特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合考慮計(jì)算精度和效率提出了一種計(jì)算TBM刀盤動(dòng)應(yīng)力的改進(jìn)準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)法,使用這種方法計(jì)算了刀盤危險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)和待測(cè)點(diǎn)的動(dòng)應(yīng)力。搭建了無線測(cè)試系統(tǒng)并對(duì)實(shí)際掘進(jìn)工作中的TBM刀盤應(yīng)力進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)與計(jì)算結(jié)果均值的差別僅為3.2%,變化范圍的差距則有9.8%,考慮到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試的偶然性可以表明改進(jìn)準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)法計(jì)算刀盤動(dòng)應(yīng)力的有效性。(2)根據(jù)雨流計(jì)數(shù)方法對(duì)應(yīng)力時(shí)間歷程進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)數(shù)得到了應(yīng)力幅值和均值的直方圖,根據(jù)數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)理論擬合了幅值的分布函數(shù)編制了應(yīng)力程序譜,結(jié)合材料的S-N曲線和損傷累積準(zhǔn)則預(yù)測(cè)了刀盤裂紋萌生壽命。并探討了Miner準(zhǔn)則和Chaboche準(zhǔn)則對(duì)萌生壽命的預(yù)測(cè)效果以及應(yīng)力次序?qū)γ壬鷫勖挠绊憽Ｑ芯勘砻?Chaboche準(zhǔn)則比Miner準(zhǔn)則更加保守,低-高分級(jí)譜作用下萌生壽命更長(zhǎng)。(3)考慮到刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜難以計(jì)算應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子幅,以及承受隨機(jī)應(yīng)力的特點(diǎn),使用了短時(shí)間尺度裂紋擴(kuò)展模型,開展了弱約束條件下穩(wěn)態(tài)裂紋擴(kuò)展試驗(yàn)獲得模型中的裂紋張開角參數(shù)。為了驗(yàn)證模型的適用性從刀盤整體結(jié)構(gòu)中抽取了典型子結(jié)構(gòu),按照一定縮尺比設(shè)計(jì)了疲勞試驗(yàn)樣件和預(yù)制裂紋,開展了刀盤子結(jié)構(gòu)疲勞試驗(yàn)研究。最終將此裂紋擴(kuò)展模型運(yùn)用于預(yù)測(cè)某工程實(shí)際刀盤的裂紋擴(kuò)展壽命預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:With the economic and social transformation, the development of urbanization has entered a critical period. The development and utilization of underground space has a far-reaching impact on alleviating the tension of surface space and improving infrastructure construction.China has become the largest demand for hard rock tunneling equipment TBMs.The cutter head system is the core component that affects the TBM rock breaking efficiency. However, the fatigue life is less considered in the design of the existing cutter head. The crack initiation and propagation of the cutter head under the strong vibration environment will greatly affect the construction efficiency and even bring about the hidden danger of safety.Therefore, it is very important for TBM to carry out the research on predicting the fatigue life of the cutter head.On the premise of deeply understanding the theory and method of fatigue crack initiation and propagation life prediction, this paper studies the fatigue life prediction of TBM cutters through theoretical calculation, simulation analysis and experimental research.The concrete work is as follows: 1) on the basis of analyzing the stress characteristics of the cutter head, an improved quasi-static method for calculating the dynamic stress of the TBM cutter head is put forward considering the calculation accuracy and efficiency. The dynamic stress of the cutting head dangerous point and the point to be measured is calculated by using this method.A wireless testing system is set up and the stress of TBM cutter head in actual tunneling is tested.The difference between the test data and the average value of the calculated results is only 3.2, and the difference in the range of variation is 9.8. Considering the contingency of the field test, it can be shown that the effectiveness of the improved quasi-static method for calculating the dynamic stress of the cutter head is based on the rain flow counting method.The histogram of stress amplitude and mean is obtained by statistical counting of force time history.According to the mathematical statistics theory, the stress program spectrum of the distribution function of amplitude is compiled, and the crack initiation life of the cutter head is predicted by combining the S-N curve of the material and the damage accumulation criterion.The prediction effect of Miner criterion and Chaboche criterion on the initiation life and the effect of stress order on the initiation life are discussed.The results show that the Chaboche criterion is more conservative than the Miner criterion, and the initiation life is longer under the action of low to high classification spectrum.) considering the complexity of the cutter head structure, it is difficult to calculate the amplitude of the stress intensity factor and bear the random stress.Using a short time scale crack growth model, the crack opening angle parameters of the model are obtained by a steady state crack growth test under the condition of weak constraints.In order to verify the applicability of the model, the typical substructures were extracted from the overall structure of the cutter head. Fatigue test samples and precast cracks were designed according to a certain scale ratio, and the fatigue test study of the knife plate structure was carried out.Finally, the crack propagation model is applied to predict the crack growth life of a practical cutter head.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455.3

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本文編號(hào)：1714290