本文選題：管道檢測　切入點：超聲導(dǎo)波　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：管道普遍存在于海洋工程、電力、化工、城市建設(shè)等行業(yè)中。在長期運(yùn)營過程中,不可避免的會出現(xiàn)各種各樣的缺陷,造成安全隱患,需要對管道定期進(jìn)行檢測。超聲導(dǎo)波技術(shù)具有檢測距離長、效率高、成本低的特點,可用于工業(yè)管道損傷檢測。本文基于空心圓管柱面導(dǎo)波基本理論,采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬以及實驗驗證的方法,運(yùn)用時間反轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波方法對管道缺陷檢測檢測進(jìn)行研究,主要內(nèi)容如下:運(yùn)用有限元軟件ABAQUS對管道周向裂紋缺陷和圓孔型通透型缺陷進(jìn)行時間反轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波檢測。結(jié)果表明,與直接導(dǎo)波檢測相比,時間反轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波可以檢測更小的缺陷;在時間轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波檢測中,截取缺陷回波信號的窗寬是影響時間反轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波檢測能力的重要因素。研究了缺陷反射率隨周向裂紋缺陷的深度、周向長度和圓孔型缺陷的半徑的變化規(guī)律。搭建了基于Labview虛擬儀器的管道超聲導(dǎo)波缺陷檢測系統(tǒng),實驗驗證了時間反轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)波可顯著提高缺陷檢測能力,可以檢測更小的缺陷。對不同尺寸的槽型缺陷和圓孔缺陷進(jìn)行了實驗研究,得到了缺陷反射率隨周向裂紋缺陷的深度、周向長度和圓孔型缺陷的半徑的變化規(guī)律。運(yùn)用基于激勵波形的匹配追蹤算法對單缺陷和雙缺陷的缺陷回波進(jìn)行了分解重構(gòu)。結(jié)果表明,根據(jù)分解原子的系數(shù)正負(fù)號的異同可識別出單缺陷與雙缺陷,原子的時間間隔準(zhǔn)確反映了單缺陷的軸向?qū)挾群碗p缺陷的軸向間距。
[Abstract]:Pipeline widely exists in marine engineering, electric power, chemical industry, urban construction and other industries.In the long-term operation process, there will inevitably be a variety of defects, resulting in hidden safety problems, the pipeline needs to be tested regularly.Ultrasonic guided wave technology has the characteristics of long detection distance, high efficiency and low cost, so it can be used in industrial pipeline damage detection.In this paper, based on the basic theory of cylindrical guided wave of hollow pipe, the method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification is used to study the detection of pipeline defects by time-reversal guided wave method.The main contents are as follows: using the finite element software ABAQUS to detect the circumferential crack defect and the circular hole permeable defect in time reversal guided wave.The results show that time reversal guided wave can detect smaller defects than direct guided wave detection, and the window width of intercepting defect echo signal is an important factor that affects the detection ability of time reversal guided wave in time transduction wave detection.The variation of defect reflectivity with the depth of circumferential crack defect, circumferential length and radius of circular hole defect is studied.An ultrasonic guided wave defect detection system based on Labview virtual instrument is built. The experimental results show that the time reversal guided wave can significantly improve the ability of defect detection and can detect smaller defects.In this paper, the groove and circular hole defects of different sizes are experimentally studied, and the variation of defect reflectivity with the depth of circumferential crack defect, circumferential length and radius of circular hole defect is obtained.A matching tracking algorithm based on excitation waveform is used to decompose and reconstruct the defect echo of single defect and double defect.The results show that the single defect and the double defect can be identified according to the differences and similarities of the coefficients of decomposition atom, and the time interval of the atom accurately reflects the axial width of the single defect and the axial spacing of the double defect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U178

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