本文選題：元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：行人通道　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市交通的快速發(fā)展,交通擁堵問題成為不可避免的交通難題,而行人交通作為城市交通的重要組成部分,對(duì)行人流進(jìn)行組織和管理的研究也日益受到重視。行人交通擁堵在帶來安全隱患的同時(shí),還增加了行人的出行延誤,進(jìn)而影響整個(gè)城市交通的運(yùn)行效率。本文以行人通道內(nèi)行人的交通特性為出發(fā)點(diǎn),建立了行人元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型,并對(duì)無信號(hào)控制人行橫道進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用研究。首先,選取火車站進(jìn)站通道這一典型行人通道進(jìn)行交通調(diào)查,獲取交通現(xiàn)狀、交通需求及通道內(nèi)行人流特性等詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)。從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)角度對(duì)行人特性進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)了通道內(nèi)行人交通特性的多種影響因素,分析不同因素條件下行人狀態(tài)和交通特性的轉(zhuǎn)變。其次,考慮通道自身參數(shù)和行人個(gè)體、群體行為特征,建立一種行人元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)仿真模型。引入距離參數(shù)、空缺參數(shù)、從眾參數(shù)和前進(jìn)參數(shù)等行人參數(shù),采用順序更新方式制定模型的演化規(guī)則,分析不同行人到達(dá)率下行人交通特性,揭示行人在通道內(nèi)的宏觀、微觀行為特征。最后,考慮行人與機(jī)動(dòng)車間的相互沖突,建立了無信號(hào)控制人行橫道的元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型。在行人元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,新增了安全參數(shù)、橫向參數(shù)兩個(gè)行人參數(shù),使行人模型更適用于無信號(hào)控制人行橫道的仿真環(huán)境。以行人到達(dá)率為自變量,以車輛平均速度、密度和行人平均速度、密度為因變量,分析了無信號(hào)控制人行橫道處車輛和行人的交通特性。模型的建立對(duì)行人交通組織優(yōu)化、行人通道空間資源合理配置具有很高的研究價(jià)值,能夠給未來行人通道的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)和改善方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban traffic, traffic congestion has become an inevitable traffic problem, and pedestrian traffic as an important part of urban traffic, More and more attention has been paid to the study of organizing and managing pedestrian flows. Pedestrian traffic congestion not only brings safety risks, but also increases pedestrian travel delays. In this paper, based on the traffic characteristics of pedestrians in pedestrian passageways, the cellular automata model of pedestrians is established, and the application of unsignalized controlled crosswalks is studied. The typical pedestrian passage of railway station is selected for traffic investigation, and detailed data such as traffic status, traffic demand and pedestrian flow characteristics in the passage are obtained. The pedestrian characteristics are analyzed from macro and micro perspectives. The influence factors of pedestrian traffic characteristics in the passage are summarized, and the changes of pedestrian and traffic characteristics under different conditions are analyzed. Secondly, considering the parameters of the passageway and the characteristics of individual pedestrian and group behavior, A pedestrian cellular automaton simulation model is established, which introduces pedestrian parameters such as distance parameter, vacancy parameter, follower parameter and forward parameter, and adopts sequential updating method to formulate the evolution rules of the model. The traffic characteristics of people with different pedestrian arrival rates are analyzed to reveal the macroscopic and microscopic behavior of pedestrians in the passageway. Finally, the conflicts between pedestrians and motor vehicles are considered. The cellular automata model without signal control is established. Based on the cellular automata model of pedestrian, two pedestrian parameters, safety parameter and transverse parameter, are added. The pedestrian model is more suitable for the simulation of unsignalized pedestrian crossing. The pedestrian arrival rate is taken as the independent variable, and the vehicle average speed, density and pedestrian velocity are taken as dependent variables. The traffic characteristics of vehicles and pedestrians at unsignalized crosswalk are analyzed. The establishment of the model is of great value to the optimization of pedestrian traffic organization and the rational allocation of pedestrian passage space resources. It can provide theoretical basis and improvement scheme for the planning and design of pedestrian walkways in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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