本文選題：透明土　切入點：PIV技術(shù)　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：基于人工合成透明土能夠直觀觀測土體內(nèi)部變形的優(yōu)勢,將透明土作為盾構(gòu)壁后注漿模型試驗的模型土材料,借助PIV技術(shù)用激光器照射透明土層成像、CCD工業(yè)相機捕捉圖像,并利用PIVview2C軟件對圖像進行信息提取分析,本文采用理論與物理模型試驗相結(jié)合的研究方法開展盾構(gòu)隧道壁后注漿模型試驗,對盾構(gòu)隧道壁后注漿控制地層沉降的效果及注漿漿液的填充情況和擴散范圍進行了初步的探究性研究。 本文主要工作內(nèi)容和研究結(jié)論如下： 1)首先,綜合分析了了人工合成透明土的理論基礎(chǔ)、所用材料及組分、具體配制方法；然后,利用透明熔融石英砂作為顆粒材料和溶質(zhì)溶于溶劑的方法配制溴化鈣溶液為間隙流體材料合成了本模型試驗中的透明土。透明土的透明效果隨著熔融石英砂粒徑的減小而變差,透明土放置過程中會出現(xiàn)干化現(xiàn)象。 2)對透明土進行了篩分試驗、壓縮試驗、直剪試驗、三軸試驗等一系列常規(guī)土性實驗,研究了透明土的基本物理力學(xué)性質(zhì),并與相應(yīng)級配的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)砂進行了比較；各級配透明土與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)砂土摩擦角、壓縮性具有相同的變化趨勢,但黏聚力有差異,黏聚力三軸試驗值較直剪試驗結(jié)果偏大；各級配透明土的壓縮性較相應(yīng)級配標(biāo)準(zhǔn)砂土要小�？傮w而言,透明土材料能夠較好的滿足實際工程中土層變形模擬的要求。 3)對物理模型試驗相似理論和PIV技術(shù)原理進行了簡要介紹,依托上述理論研究并設(shè)計了盾構(gòu)隧道壁后注漿模型試驗系統(tǒng),具體包括：試驗箱主體、推進系統(tǒng)、注漿系統(tǒng)、激光器照射和CCD相機成像信息采集系統(tǒng)、PIVview2C軟件信息提取和Origin軟件后處理分析等分析系統(tǒng)。該試驗的系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)為開展相關(guān)模型試驗提供了技術(shù)可行的試驗基礎(chǔ),并積累了相關(guān)經(jīng)驗供后續(xù)研究借鑒。 4)基于透明土先后開展了盾構(gòu)法隧道未注漿段與注漿段對比試驗、注漿壓力對比試驗,分析了透明土地層的沉降情況和注漿漿液的填充和擴散情況等。結(jié)果表明：注漿段地層沉降位移較未注漿段明顯減�。禾岣咦{壓力會減小地層的沉降,但過大的注漿壓力會導(dǎo)致地層隆起;注漿壓力越大漿液的填充性越好、擴散范圍也越大；但是,在同種注漿壓力下漿液的擴散范圍基本不隨隧道埋深的變化而改變。試驗結(jié)果和結(jié)論可為盾構(gòu)隧道壁后注漿地層變形控制和工藝改進等提供有益參考。
[Abstract]:Based on the advantage that synthetic transparent soil can directly observe the internal deformation of soil, the transparent soil is used as the model soil material for the model test of post-grouting model test of shield wall, and the image is captured by using PIV technology to illuminate the transparent soil layer with laser irradiation and CCD industrial camera to capture the image. Using PIVview2C software to extract and analyze the information of the image, this paper adopts the research method of combining theory with physical model test to carry out the model test of the rear grouting of shield tunnel wall. The effect of grouting behind shield tunnel wall on controlling stratum settlement and the filling condition and diffusion range of grouting slurry are studied preliminarily. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:. 1) first of all, the theoretical basis of synthetic transparent soil, the materials and components used, and the specific preparation methods are analyzed synthetically. The transparent soil in this model test was synthesized by using transparent fused quartz sand as granular material and solute solute solute in solvent to prepare calcium bromide solution as interstitial fluid material. The transparency effect of the transparent soil becomes worse with the decrease of the particle size of molten quartz sand. Drying will occur in the process of placing transparent soil. 2) screening test, compression test, direct shear test, triaxial test and so on were carried out to study the basic physical and mechanical properties of the transparent soil, and compared with the corresponding graded standard sand. The friction angle of transparent soil and standard sand has the same change trend, but the cohesive force is different, and the result of triaxial test of cohesion is larger than that of direct shear test. The compressibility of each grade of transparent soil is smaller than that of corresponding graded standard sand. Generally speaking, transparent soil materials can meet the requirements of soil deformation simulation in practical engineering. 3) the similarity theory of physical model test and the principle of PIV technology are briefly introduced. Based on the above theory, the model test system for rear grouting of shield tunnel wall is studied and designed, including: main body of test box, propulsion system, grouting system, etc. Laser irradiation and CCD camera imaging information acquisition system (PIVview2C software) and Origin software post-processing analysis system. The research and development of the system provides a technically feasible experimental basis for the development of related model tests. And has accumulated the correlation experience for the follow-up research to draw lessons from. 4) based on the transparent soil, the contrast test between the ungrouting section and the grouting section and the grouting pressure contrast test have been carried out successively in shield tunneling. The settlement of transparent soil layer and the filling and diffusion of grouting fluid are analyzed. The results show that the settlement displacement of grouting section is obviously reduced than that of non-grouting section, and the settlement of stratum will be reduced by increasing grouting pressure. However, too much grouting pressure can lead to formation uplift; the greater the grouting pressure, the better the filling capacity of the slurry, and the larger the diffusion range; however, Under the same grouting pressure, the diffusion range of the slurry does not change with the change of the tunnel depth. The experimental results and conclusions can provide a useful reference for the deformation control and technological improvement of the grouting formation behind the shield tunnel wall.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.43

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