本文選題：人工凍土　切入點：模型試驗　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以青藏高原為代表的高海拔寒區(qū)隧道在使用過程中出現(xiàn)的凍害現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致隧道的使用率大大降低甚至報廢。由于凍害的影響,國家投入巨資無法收回,隧道通行人民的生命安全也無法保障。本文以寒區(qū)隧道凍害為背景,開展了人工凍土模型試驗,并針對試驗數(shù)據(jù)的有限性的特點,利用基于結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)險最小化原理和小樣本學(xué)習(xí)方法——支持向量機算法,建立了人工凍土溫度場發(fā)展的支持向量機模型。1、通過寒區(qū)隧道模型試驗,得到了寒區(qū)隧道模型溫度變化規(guī)律:寒區(qū)隧道模型溫度變化分為兩個階段:降溫段和升溫段,本文暫時不考慮升溫段的變化規(guī)律。降溫段變化規(guī)律大致為:隨著凍結(jié)時間的增加,圍巖各測點的溫度不斷降低,不同斷面、不同測點的溫度降低速率有些差異,整體來看可以分為斷面3和其他斷面兩組。2、根據(jù)牛頓熱交換定律:物體從一種介質(zhì)流到另一種介質(zhì)的熱量和兩種介質(zhì)間的溫差成正比,初始凍結(jié)時,隧道圍巖為室內(nèi)溫度與凍結(jié)管的溫差最大,故在此時降溫速度最快,隨著凍結(jié)時間的增長,兩者間的溫差減小,故在此時降溫速度減慢;到凍結(jié)后期時,兩者的溫差很小,故隧道圍巖溫度不再變化,趨于一個穩(wěn)定值。3、位置3的降溫大致呈現(xiàn)一種對數(shù)函數(shù)減小的規(guī)律。其原因是位置3的溫度傳感器布設(shè)較多,布設(shè)比較均勻,反應(yīng)隧道圍巖溫度變化比較準(zhǔn)確;其他位置的的降溫規(guī)律大致呈現(xiàn)線性減小趨勢。4、通過對SVM法的介紹和推導(dǎo)建立了人工凍土模型試驗溫度場SVM模型。5、把不同核函數(shù)應(yīng)用到所建模型上,通過比較選出最適合的核函數(shù),然后對溫度場溫度進行預(yù)測,通過與實測數(shù)據(jù)的對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)測值與實測值相差不大,驗證了所建模型的合理性與正確性。
[Abstract]:The freezing damage of tunnels in high altitude cold regions, represented by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has led to a great reduction in the utilization rate of tunnels and even their scrapping. Because of the impact of the freezing injury, the state has invested a huge amount of money that cannot be recovered. The safety of tunnel people's lives can not be guaranteed. In this paper, the artificial frozen soil model test is carried out under the background of tunnel freezing injury in cold region, and the characteristics of the limited test data are pointed out. Based on the structural risk minimization principle and the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, a support vector machine (SVM) model for the development of temperature field in artificial frozen soil is established, which is based on the principle of structural risk minimization and small sample learning method. The temperature variation of tunnel model in cold region is divided into two stages: the cooling section and the heating stage. In this paper, the variation law of the temperature rise section is not considered for the time being. The variation law of the cooling section is: with the increase of freezing time, the temperature of each measuring point of surrounding rock decreases continuously, and there are some differences in the temperature decreasing rate of different measuring points with different sections. As a whole, it can be divided into two groups: section 3 and other sections. 2, according to Newton's law of heat exchange: the amount of heat flowing from one medium to another is proportional to the temperature difference between the two media, initially frozen. The temperature difference between the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the freezing pipe is the largest, so the cooling speed is the fastest at this time, and with the increase of freezing time, the temperature difference between the two decreases, so the cooling speed slows down at this time, and the temperature difference between the two is very small at the later stage of freezing. Therefore, the temperature of surrounding rock of tunnel is no longer changing, and tends to be a stable value. 3. The cooling of position 3 shows a law of decreasing logarithmic function. The reason is that the temperature sensors of position 3 are arranged more evenly. The temperature change of reaction tunnel surrounding rock is more accurate; The law of cooling in other places shows a linear decreasing trend. Through the introduction and derivation of SVM method, the temperature field SVM model of artificial frozen soil model is established, and the different kernel functions are applied to the established model. By comparing and selecting the most suitable kernel function, the temperature field temperature is predicted. By comparing with the measured data, it is found that the predicted value is not different from the measured value, which verifies the rationality and correctness of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U456

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