本文選題：電動(dòng)汽車　切入點(diǎn)：電動(dòng)公交車　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,能源匱乏、環(huán)境污染與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長之間的矛盾日益加劇,電動(dòng)汽車以其節(jié)能、清潔和環(huán)保等優(yōu)勢被各國廣泛關(guān)注,并被作為解決這一矛盾的重要措施得到大規(guī)模推廣。目前,國內(nèi)外眾多國家與城市都積極地扶持電動(dòng)汽車的發(fā)展,各大汽車廠商也都積極參與其中。作為電動(dòng)汽車能源補(bǔ)給的電動(dòng)汽車充換電配套設(shè)施的規(guī)劃和建設(shè)將直接影響與制約電動(dòng)汽車的發(fā)展。因此,充換電配套設(shè)施的優(yōu)化規(guī)劃研究對電動(dòng)汽車的發(fā)展進(jìn)程有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文首先從電動(dòng)汽車需求特性、行為特性以及充換電設(shè)施規(guī)劃三個(gè)方面歸納了國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合充換電設(shè)施的基礎(chǔ)與國內(nèi)外充換電設(shè)施的建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)了充換電設(shè)施規(guī)劃的內(nèi)容與方法。 提出了利用多重線性回歸分析和電動(dòng)汽車市場擴(kuò)散的BASS模型相結(jié)合的方法,建立了電動(dòng)公交車的未來市場保有量預(yù)測模型,并以北京為算例進(jìn)行了實(shí)例分析。 對實(shí)際示范運(yùn)營的電動(dòng)公交車充換電站的運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,得到電動(dòng)公交車行駛特性及運(yùn)營規(guī)律的模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了運(yùn)營流程仿真方法,結(jié)合充電機(jī)的充電特性,以電動(dòng)公交車的實(shí)際運(yùn)營數(shù)據(jù)為參考依據(jù),用python軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)了充換電站的供電負(fù)荷仿真與預(yù)測。 介紹了遺傳優(yōu)化算法的基本原理,建立了年均最小綜合費(fèi)用模型,考慮充電站的建設(shè)、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用和充換電站的規(guī)模,以前文預(yù)測的電動(dòng)公交車保有量以及供電負(fù)荷為依據(jù),采用遺傳算法對模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化求解,通過對計(jì)算結(jié)果的分析,證明本文的方法具有一定的有效性和合理性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the global economy, energy shortage, the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic growth is becoming more and more serious. Electric vehicles have been widely concerned by many countries because of their advantages of energy saving, cleanliness and environmental protection. And has been widely promoted as an important measure to solve this contradiction. At present, many countries and cities at home and abroad are actively supporting the development of electric vehicles. All the major automobile manufacturers are also actively involved in it. The planning and construction of the matching facilities for charging and exchanging electric vehicles, which are the energy supply for electric vehicles, will directly affect and restrict the development of electric vehicles. The research on the optimal planning of charging and changing facilities is of practical significance to the development of electric vehicles. Firstly, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research status from three aspects of electric vehicle demand characteristics, behavior characteristics and charging and switching facilities planning, combined with the foundation of charging and switching facilities and the current situation of domestic and foreign charging and switching facilities. The contents and methods of charging and switching facilities planning are summarized. The method of combining multiple linear regression analysis with BASS model of electric vehicle market diffusion is put forward, and the prediction model of the future market quantity of electric bus is established. The example of Beijing is given. By analyzing the operation data of the electric bus charging and changing power station, the model of the driving characteristics and operation law of the electric bus is obtained, and the simulation method of the operation flow is designed, which combines the charging characteristics of the charger. Based on the actual operation data of electric bus, the simulation and prediction of power supply load of rechargeable power station are realized by python software. This paper introduces the basic principle of genetic optimization algorithm, establishes the annual minimum comprehensive cost model, considers the construction of charging station, the operation cost and the scale of charging and changing power station, the quantity of electric bus and the power supply load predicted in the previous paper. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the model. The results show that the proposed method is effective and reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.8

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本文編號(hào)：1616222