本文選題：電動汽車　切入點：電動公交車　出處：《北京交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球經濟的快速發(fā)展,能源匱乏、環(huán)境污染與經濟增長之間的矛盾日益加劇,電動汽車以其節(jié)能、清潔和環(huán)保等優(yōu)勢被各國廣泛關注,并被作為解決這一矛盾的重要措施得到大規(guī)模推廣。目前,國內外眾多國家與城市都積極地扶持電動汽車的發(fā)展,各大汽車廠商也都積極參與其中。作為電動汽車能源補給的電動汽車充換電配套設施的規(guī)劃和建設將直接影響與制約電動汽車的發(fā)展。因此,充換電配套設施的優(yōu)化規(guī)劃研究對電動汽車的發(fā)展進程有一定的現實意義。 本文首先從電動汽車需求特性、行為特性以及充換電設施規(guī)劃三個方面歸納了國內外的研究現狀,結合充換電設施的基礎與國內外充換電設施的建設現狀,總結了充換電設施規(guī)劃的內容與方法。 提出了利用多重線性回歸分析和電動汽車市場擴散的BASS模型相結合的方法,建立了電動公交車的未來市場保有量預測模型,并以北京為算例進行了實例分析。 對實際示范運營的電動公交車充換電站的運行數據進行分析,得到電動公交車行駛特性及運營規(guī)律的模型,并設計了運營流程仿真方法,結合充電機的充電特性,以電動公交車的實際運營數據為參考依據,用python軟件實現了充換電站的供電負荷仿真與預測。 介紹了遺傳優(yōu)化算法的基本原理,建立了年均最小綜合費用模型,考慮充電站的建設、運行費用和充換電站的規(guī)模,以前文預測的電動公交車保有量以及供電負荷為依據,采用遺傳算法對模型進行優(yōu)化求解,通過對計算結果的分析,證明本文的方法具有一定的有效性和合理性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the global economy, energy shortage, the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic growth is becoming more and more serious. Electric vehicles have been widely concerned by many countries because of their advantages of energy saving, cleanliness and environmental protection. And has been widely promoted as an important measure to solve this contradiction. At present, many countries and cities at home and abroad are actively supporting the development of electric vehicles. All the major automobile manufacturers are also actively involved in it. The planning and construction of the matching facilities for charging and exchanging electric vehicles, which are the energy supply for electric vehicles, will directly affect and restrict the development of electric vehicles. The research on the optimal planning of charging and changing facilities is of practical significance to the development of electric vehicles. Firstly, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research status from three aspects of electric vehicle demand characteristics, behavior characteristics and charging and switching facilities planning, combined with the foundation of charging and switching facilities and the current situation of domestic and foreign charging and switching facilities. The contents and methods of charging and switching facilities planning are summarized. The method of combining multiple linear regression analysis with BASS model of electric vehicle market diffusion is put forward, and the prediction model of the future market quantity of electric bus is established. The example of Beijing is given. By analyzing the operation data of the electric bus charging and changing power station, the model of the driving characteristics and operation law of the electric bus is obtained, and the simulation method of the operation flow is designed, which combines the charging characteristics of the charger. Based on the actual operation data of electric bus, the simulation and prediction of power supply load of rechargeable power station are realized by python software. This paper introduces the basic principle of genetic optimization algorithm, establishes the annual minimum comprehensive cost model, considers the construction of charging station, the operation cost and the scale of charging and changing power station, the quantity of electric bus and the power supply load predicted in the previous paper. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the model. The results show that the proposed method is effective and reasonable.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.8

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本文編號：1616222