本文選題：交通擁堵　切入點：隧道　出處：《重慶交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國的高速公路建設發(fā)展迅速,特別是隨著山區(qū)高速公路建設的大力推進,高速公路隧道的數(shù)量保持著較快增長趨勢,并且隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,高速公路隧道內(nèi)的車流量持續(xù)增大,交通擁堵的現(xiàn)象越來越突出。交通擁堵還會誘發(fā)交通安全、環(huán)境污染、出行時間增加、車輛能耗增加等一系列問題,因此,研究高速公路隧道交通擁堵的產(chǎn)生、傳播和消散機理,對緩解隧道交通擁堵,改善隧道交通安全形勢,減少隧道環(huán)境污染,提高隧道交通管理水平等具有重要的理論意義和應用價值。本文分別通過交通波理論和元胞自動機模型來研究高速公路隧道交通擁堵的產(chǎn)生、傳播和消散機理,具體內(nèi)容如下:①從駕駛?cè)�、車輛行駛特征、隧道環(huán)境特征、道路條件和交通事故五個方面分析了高速公路隧道交通擁堵現(xiàn)象的成因。②宏觀上研究了高速公路隧道常發(fā)性交通擁堵和偶發(fā)性交通擁堵的聚集和消散過程。通過交通波理論對高速公路隧道發(fā)生常發(fā)性交通擁堵或偶發(fā)性交通擁堵時的交通流特性進行了研究。③在NS模型中,所有的車輛遵循同一隨機慢化概率p,這與實際交通情況有較大差別,在實際情況中,當前車輛的隨機減速概率受到前車速度的影響,根據(jù)這一現(xiàn)象本文改進了NS模型的隨機慢化規(guī)則,并對隧道進行合理分段,由此建立了一種模擬高速公路隧道交通擁堵的元胞自動機仿真模型。④以成渝高速上的中梁山隧道為高速公路隧道常發(fā)性交通擁堵仿真案例,以酉陽桃花源隧道為高速公路隧道偶發(fā)性交通擁堵仿真案例,通過運用本文建立的模擬高速公路隧道交通擁堵的元胞自動機仿真模型,在MATLAB軟件中進行仿真,在不同的仿真條件下,研究了高速公路隧道中常發(fā)性交通擁堵和偶發(fā)性交通擁堵的演化過程,并把偶發(fā)性交通擁堵的仿真結(jié)果與運用交通波理論得到的計算值進行了比較分析。本文提出基于元胞自動機的交通擁堵仿真模型,可以得到交通擁堵最大排隊長度和擁堵時間等參數(shù),對以后高速公路隧道交通擁堵機理的研究具有重要參考價值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, highway construction in China has developed rapidly, especially with the rapid development of highway construction in mountainous areas, the number of highway tunnels has maintained a relatively rapid growth trend, and with the development of the economy, The traffic congestion phenomenon is more and more prominent in the freeway tunnel. Traffic congestion will also induce a series of problems, such as traffic safety, environmental pollution, travel time increase, vehicle energy consumption increase, etc. In order to alleviate the traffic congestion, improve the traffic safety situation and reduce the environmental pollution of the tunnel, the mechanism of producing, spreading and dissipating the traffic congestion in the expressway tunnel is studied. Improving the level of tunnel traffic management has important theoretical significance and application value. In this paper, traffic wave theory and cellular automata model are used to study the generation, propagation and dissipation mechanism of highway tunnel traffic congestion, respectively. The specific contents are as follows: 1 from the driver, vehicle driving characteristics, tunnel environmental characteristics, From five aspects of road conditions and traffic accidents, the causes of traffic congestion in freeway tunnels are analyzed. 2. The accumulation and dissipation processes of traffic congestion and accidental traffic congestion in expressway tunnels are studied. Traffic wave theory is used to study the characteristics of traffic flow in freeway tunnels with normal or accidental traffic jams. 3 in NS model, All vehicles follow the same random slowing probability p, which is quite different from the actual traffic situation. In the actual situation, the random deceleration probability of the current vehicle is affected by the speed of the vehicle in front. According to this phenomenon, the random slow-down rule of NS model is improved, and the tunnel is segmented reasonably. A cellular automata simulation model for simulating traffic congestion in freeway tunnels is established. 4. Taking Zhongliangshan Tunnel on Chengdu-Chongqing Expressway as a case study of traffic congestion in freeway tunnels, Taking Youyang Taohuayuan Tunnel as an example of accidental traffic congestion in expressway tunnel, this paper makes use of the cellular automata simulation model established in this paper to simulate the traffic congestion of expressway tunnel, and simulates it in MATLAB software. Under different simulation conditions, the evolution process of traffic congestion and accidental traffic congestion in freeway tunnels are studied. The simulation results of accidental traffic congestion are compared with those obtained by using the traffic wave theory. In this paper, a traffic congestion simulation model based on cellular automata is proposed. The parameters such as the maximum queue length and the congestion time can be obtained, which has important reference value for the study of the traffic congestion mechanism of the expressway tunnel in the future.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：1584914