本文關(guān)鍵詞： 江蘇省高速公路 強(qiáng)風(fēng) 強(qiáng)橫風(fēng) 風(fēng)壓 時(shí)空變化　出處：《自然災(zāi)害學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：強(qiáng)風(fēng)特別是強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)是影響高速公路汽車安全行駛的重大交通氣象災(zāi)害之一。為提高交通氣象中強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)天氣的預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確率,利用江蘇省典型高速公路2012~2015年交通自動(dòng)天氣監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),分析了江蘇省滬寧、宿淮鹽、沿海和京滬高速公路強(qiáng)風(fēng)和強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)的時(shí)空分布特征,探討了地理環(huán)境等因素對(duì)強(qiáng)風(fēng)和強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)發(fā)生的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)江蘇省典型高速公路的風(fēng)壓進(jìn)行分級(jí),揭示風(fēng)壓的空間分布特征。研究表明:1)強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)的日變化和季節(jié)變化規(guī)律與強(qiáng)風(fēng)相似,一天中兩者出現(xiàn)頻率最高的時(shí)間段為12~14時(shí);一年中7月份頻率最高。2)各站點(diǎn)強(qiáng)風(fēng)和強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)發(fā)生日數(shù)頻率一致,均呈現(xiàn)沿海高速公路發(fā)生日數(shù)較高的站點(diǎn)最多、范圍最大,宿淮鹽高速公路最少、范圍最小的特點(diǎn)。強(qiáng)風(fēng)盛行風(fēng)向與強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)盛行風(fēng)向基本一致,4條高速公路整體上,偏北風(fēng)頻率最高,偏北向強(qiáng)風(fēng)和橫風(fēng)的頻率高于偏南向強(qiáng)風(fēng)和橫風(fēng),偏東向強(qiáng)風(fēng)和橫風(fēng)的頻率高于偏西向強(qiáng)風(fēng)和橫風(fēng)。頻率最高的極大風(fēng)風(fēng)向?yàn)?2.5°,最大風(fēng)風(fēng)向?yàn)?°,即正北。3)除宿淮鹽高速公路2012年秋季月份外,月極端風(fēng)速均超過10 m/s,最大值達(dá)到22.6 m/s。4)綜合考慮風(fēng)向、風(fēng)速等變化因素,將風(fēng)壓分為10級(jí)。其中風(fēng)壓達(dá)到黃色預(yù)警以上發(fā)生頻率最高的路段為沿海高速公路的北段。5)地理環(huán)境對(duì)各高速公路不同路段強(qiáng)風(fēng)、強(qiáng)橫風(fēng)和風(fēng)壓等級(jí)均有不同程度的影響,其中地形起伏、水系分布、距海遠(yuǎn)近對(duì)其影響較大。
[Abstract]:Strong wind, especially strong crosswind, is one of the major traffic meteorological disasters affecting the safe driving of freeway vehicles. In order to improve the forecasting accuracy of strong crosswind weather in traffic meteorology. Based on the observational data of the traffic automatic weather monitoring system for typical expressway of Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2015, the paper analyzes the salt in Huning and Suhuai, Jiangsu Province. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of strong wind and strong crosswind in coastal and Beijing-Shanghai expressway are discussed. The influence of geographical environment on the occurrence of strong wind and strong crosswind is discussed. On this basis, the wind pressure of typical highway in Jiangsu Province is classified. The study shows that the diurnal and seasonal variation of strong cross wind is similar to that of strong wind. In July, the frequency of each station is the highest. 2) the frequency of strong wind and strong cross wind are the same. The stations with the highest number of days and the largest range on the coastal highway, and the Suhuai salt highway have the least frequency. On the whole, the frequency of north wind is the highest, and the frequency of north wind and cross wind is higher than that of south direction and cross wind. The frequency of eastward strong wind and crosswind is higher than that of westward strong wind and crosswind. The maximum wind direction of the highest frequency is 22.5 擄, and the most windy wind direction is 0 擄. That is Zhengbei. 3) except Suhuai Salt Expressway in the autumn month of 2012, the monthly extreme wind speed is more than 10 m / s, and the maximum value is 22. 6 m / s 路s. 4) the wind direction is considered synthetically. Wind speed and other factors, the wind pressure is divided into 10 grades. The section with the highest frequency of wind pressure above yellow warning is the northern section of coastal expressway. 5) the geographical environment is strong wind on different sections of highway. The strong cross wind and wind pressure grade have different degrees of influence, among which the topographic fluctuation, the distribution of water system and distance from the sea have great influence on it.
【作者單位】： 南京信息工程大學(xué)氣象災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警與評(píng)估協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;中國氣象局交通氣象重點(diǎn)開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室;貴州省氣象服務(wù)中心;
【基金】：“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃(2014BAG01B01) 國家公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(xiàng)(GYHY201306043,GYHY201406029) 江蘇省科技支撐計(jì)劃(BE2015732) 江蘇省氣象局北極閣基金(BJG201404)~~
【分類號(hào)】：P429;U492.8
【正文快照】： Supported by:“12th Five-Year”National Science and Technology Support Program(2014BAG01B01);Special Research Fund for Meteorology inthe Public Interest of China(GYHY201306043,GYHY201406029);Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(BE20

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