本文關(guān)鍵詞： 應(yīng)急車輛 布局 中斷 決策支持系統(tǒng)　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國以火災(zāi)(包括爆炸、工廠事故等)、地震、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害等為代表的災(zāi)害頻發(fā),應(yīng)急資源優(yōu)化配置問題突出。針對應(yīng)急資源布局中供需矛盾問題,本文立足于站點-路徑-網(wǎng)絡(luò)流關(guān)聯(lián)視角,以應(yīng)急車輛布局模型為研究重點,為應(yīng)急與公共安全規(guī)劃的資源配置提供分析方法與實現(xiàn)工具。本文從應(yīng)急車輛配置優(yōu)化目標入手,從需求點服務(wù)水平評價、服務(wù)系統(tǒng)可靠性、交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁擠三個層次進行剖析,對靜態(tài)站點、駐勤點、巡邏三種應(yīng)急車輛配置模式提出相應(yīng)的測度指標及計算方法,構(gòu)建考慮交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)條件的關(guān)鍵應(yīng)急車輛識別雙層規(guī)劃分析模型;根據(jù)不同模型的特點,構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的啟發(fā)式算法,對單層問題使用遺傳算法或有海明距離(Hamming distance)控制策略的多智能體進化算法,針對兩階段的、雙層的復(fù)雜問題提出相應(yīng)的求解框架;針對應(yīng)急車輛的空間決策與數(shù)據(jù)組織特點,設(shè)計開發(fā)基于ArcGIS Engine的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)中關(guān)鍵應(yīng)急車輛識別系統(tǒng),并以新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)某城區(qū)的應(yīng)急車輛規(guī)劃為例進行實證分析和討論。取得的主要結(jié)論如下:1、構(gòu)建最大準備度的應(yīng)急車輛覆蓋模型;構(gòu)建面向可靠性的應(yīng)急車輛動態(tài)配置機會約束規(guī)劃模型;構(gòu)建建設(shè)成本和交通成本隨機條件下表征布局與路徑層次決策的機會約束目標規(guī)劃模型;采用用戶均衡模型(User Equilibrium)、隨機用戶均衡模型(Stochastic User Equilibrium)來描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)交通流的分布,構(gòu)建關(guān)鍵應(yīng)急車輛區(qū)位識別與交通分配雙層規(guī)劃模型;2、根據(jù)具體優(yōu)化模型改進多智能體進化算法等,構(gòu)建兩階段遺傳算法、針對雙層規(guī)劃模型的迭代算法,用于求解上述模型;3、在Visual Studio開發(fā)環(huán)境下,使用Visual C#.NET編程語言與ArcGIS Engine開發(fā)組件設(shè)計一套服務(wù)于城市應(yīng)急管理中心的應(yīng)急車輛配置決策支持系統(tǒng),在電子地圖上實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)果的可視化,為應(yīng)急管理中心提供實時的信息查詢、決策支持、指揮調(diào)度等,實現(xiàn)一系列應(yīng)急管理服務(wù)的統(tǒng)一系統(tǒng),主要包括應(yīng)急設(shè)施規(guī)劃決策支持系統(tǒng)、應(yīng)急車輛指揮調(diào)度系統(tǒng)、危險監(jiān)測預(yù)警系統(tǒng)、應(yīng)急疏散引導(dǎo)系統(tǒng);并以新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)某城區(qū)應(yīng)急車輛規(guī)劃問題為例,研究該系統(tǒng)的實際應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, fire (including explosion, factory accidents), earthquakes, geological disasters, etc., are frequently occurring in China, and the problem of optimal allocation of emergency resources is prominent, aiming at the contradiction between supply and demand in the layout of emergency resources. This paper focuses on the emergency vehicle layout model from the perspective of site-path-network flow association. This paper starts with the optimization goal of emergency vehicle configuration and evaluates the service level of demand point and the reliability of service system. Traffic network congestion analysis of three levels, static station, stationed point, patrol three emergency vehicle configuration mode proposed the corresponding measurement indicators and calculation methods. The two-level programming analysis model of critical emergency vehicle identification considering the traffic network condition is constructed. According to the characteristics of different models, the corresponding heuristic algorithm is constructed, and the genetic algorithm or multi-agent evolutionary algorithm with hamming distance (hamming distance) control strategy is used to solve the single-layer problem. A framework for solving two-stage, two-level complex problems is proposed. According to the characteristics of spatial decision-making and data organization of emergency vehicles, a key emergency vehicle identification system based on ArcGIS Engine is designed and developed. Taking the emergency vehicle planning in an urban area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as an example, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. A reliability oriented opportunity constrained programming model for dynamic configuration of emergency vehicles is constructed. Constructing the opportunity-constrained objective programming model to represent the layout and path level decision under the stochastic condition of construction cost and transportation cost; User Equilibrium. Stochastic User equilibrium model is used to describe the distribution of network traffic flow. A two-level programming model for location identification and traffic allocation of critical emergency vehicles is constructed. 2. According to the specific optimization model, the multi-agent evolutionary algorithm is improved, the two-stage genetic algorithm is constructed, and the iterative algorithm for the bilevel programming model is used to solve the above model. 3, in the Visual Studio development environment. Using Visual C#.NET programming language and ArcGIS Engine development component to design a set of emergency vehicle configuration decision support system for urban emergency management center. Realize the visualization of data and results on the electronic map, provide real-time information query, decision support, command and dispatch for the emergency management center, and realize a series of unified system of emergency management services. It mainly includes emergency facility planning decision support system, emergency vehicle command and dispatch system, hazard monitoring and warning system, emergency evacuation guidance system. An example of emergency vehicle planning in an urban area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region is given to study the practical application of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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