本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公路下伏采空區(qū) 瑞雷面波 有限差分 波場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬 繞射波　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國交通事業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,路網(wǎng)密度越來越大,在采空區(qū)上方修建公路已經(jīng)不可避免,然而下伏采空區(qū)對(duì)地表公路是一個(gè)巨大的潛在威脅。瑞雷面波勘探法憑其抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、淺層分辨率高、衰減小、快捷輕便等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在采空區(qū)探測(cè)中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。為更清楚地了解瑞雷面波在地下采空區(qū)中的傳播規(guī)律,提高實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的解釋精度,并為采集圖譜的反演解譯提供理論基礎(chǔ),本文基于交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格有限差分法建立了多種地下介質(zhì)模型,分析了不同類型的采空區(qū)對(duì)瑞雷面波傳播信號(hào)的影響。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)推導(dǎo)了彈性波動(dòng)有限差分方程,在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用C++語言編寫了相應(yīng)的瑞雷面波波場(chǎng)正演數(shù)值模擬程序。建立了均勻半空間、兩層半空間、三層半空間介質(zhì)模型,模擬了瑞雷面波在這三種介質(zhì)中的傳播過程,模擬結(jié)果表明:瑞雷面波在均勻介質(zhì)中無頻散現(xiàn)象,在層狀介質(zhì)中具有頻散現(xiàn)象,這與瑞雷面波的基本傳播理論一致。(2)建立了均勻半空間含采空區(qū)介質(zhì)模型,模擬了瑞雷面波在這種介質(zhì)中的傳播過程,模擬結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)?shù)卣鸩▊鞑ブ敛煽諈^(qū)邊界時(shí),會(huì)產(chǎn)生繞射波,因此,在實(shí)際工程探測(cè)中,可根據(jù)地震記錄圖像是否存在繞射波來預(yù)估地下巖層中采空區(qū)的存在。(3)建立了層狀半空間含不同尺寸、埋深、充填物采空區(qū)的介質(zhì)模型,分別模擬了瑞雷面波在其中的傳播過程,模擬結(jié)果表明:各個(gè)模型中采空區(qū)的出現(xiàn)均導(dǎo)致地震記錄發(fā)生顯著變化,即在采空區(qū)所在位置處產(chǎn)生繞射波;采空區(qū)尺寸越大,單炮記錄中繞射波越多;采空區(qū)埋深越大,單炮記錄中的繞射波產(chǎn)生的時(shí)間越晚,且繞射波能量越弱;當(dāng)采空區(qū)為充氣、充水或充填碎石時(shí),單炮記錄幾乎沒有差別。(4)對(duì)比河南省S323線改建工程下伏采空區(qū)探測(cè)所得地震記錄與對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)值模擬單炮記錄,結(jié)果基本一致,說明該數(shù)值模擬方法是可行的、有效的,從而可以為瑞雷面波在探測(cè)公路下伏采空區(qū)中的應(yīng)用提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of transportation in China, the density of road network is increasing, and it is inevitable to build a highway above the goaf. However, the underground goaf is a huge potential threat to the surface highway. Rayleigh surface wave exploration method has the advantages of strong anti-jamming ability, high shallow resolution, small attenuation, quick and light, and so on. It has been widely used in goaf detection, which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the propagation law of Rayleigh surface wave in underground goaf, improving the interpretation accuracy of measured data, and providing a theoretical basis for inversion interpretation of collection map. In this paper, a variety of underground media models are established based on staggered grid finite difference method. The influence of different goaf on Rayleigh wave propagation signal is analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the finite difference equation of elastic wave is derived. On this basis, the corresponding numerical simulation program of Rayleigh surface wave field is compiled with C language, and the homogeneous half-space, two-layer half-space and three-layer half-space medium model are established. The propagation process of Rayleigh wave in these three media is simulated. The simulation results show that the Rayleigh wave has no dispersion phenomenon in homogeneous medium and frequency dispersion phenomenon in layered medium. In accordance with the basic propagation theory of Rayleigh wave, a homogeneous half-space medium model with goaf is established, and the propagation process of Rayleigh wave in this medium is simulated. The simulation results show that when the seismic wave propagates to the goaf boundary, it will produce diffraction wave, therefore, in the actual engineering detection. According to whether there is diffraction wave in seismic record image to estimate the existence of goaf in underground rock strata, a medium model of the goaf with different sizes, buried depth and filling material in layered half-space can be established. The propagation process of Rayleigh wave is simulated respectively. The simulation results show that the occurrence of goaf in each model results in significant changes in seismic records, that is, diffraction waves are produced at the location of goaf. The larger the size of the goaf, the more diffraction waves in the single shot record. The deeper the goaf is, the later the diffraction wave in the single shot record is produced and the weaker the energy of the diffraction wave is. When the goaf is inflated, filled with water or filled with gravel. There is almost no difference between the single gun record and the corresponding numerical simulation single gun record. The results are basically consistent with the seismic records obtained from the underground goaf exploration under the reconstruction project of S323 line in Henan Province. It is shown that the numerical simulation method is feasible and effective, which can provide some theoretical guidance and technical support for the application of Rayleigh surface wave in detecting goaf under highway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U412.2

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