本文關(guān)鍵詞：復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下橋梁基礎(chǔ)選型研究　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件 深水基礎(chǔ) 橋梁工程 工程地質(zhì)學(xué) 隱蔽工程 基礎(chǔ)選型

【摘要】：國家的快速發(fā)展和城市化進程的推進,使我國公路建設(shè)和高鐵建設(shè)迅速進入快車道,在建設(shè)規(guī)模和發(fā)展速度上震驚世界,成為世界橋梁行業(yè)的風(fēng)向標(biāo)和最前沿。橋梁,作為跨越大江大河、不良地質(zhì)區(qū)域甚至海峽的有效形式也得到了迅猛發(fā)展。我國橋梁技術(shù)已從最初期的形式單一和技術(shù)、器械落后發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在進入世界先進行列。我國長江下游地區(qū),江面寬、水深、水流湍急,其地基工程地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜多變,在這一復(fù)雜的自然地理條件和場地工程地質(zhì)條件下進行橋梁建設(shè),基礎(chǔ)施工的難度越來越大。而基礎(chǔ)工程是隱蔽工程的代表,假設(shè)存在損壞,不僅發(fā)現(xiàn)困難,更難以恢復(fù)成最初狀態(tài)。橋梁基礎(chǔ)作為將橋梁上部結(jié)構(gòu)的荷載傳遞到巖土部分的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),是控制橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)安全的中流砥柱。而橋梁基礎(chǔ)安全穩(wěn)定性主要受地基工程地質(zhì)條件控制。所以本文從工程地質(zhì)學(xué)的角度,對大跨橋梁基礎(chǔ)選型及在施工中的技術(shù)問題及解決的工程措施進行了相關(guān)研究。主要研究成果如下:1、對我國目前橋梁技術(shù)的發(fā)展進行系統(tǒng)歸納總結(jié),將其歸納為以下四方面:①不斷突破超大跨徑;②新式橋梁形式和結(jié)構(gòu)不斷涌現(xiàn);③設(shè)計理念和意圖、施工技術(shù)能力和高性能材料、新式技術(shù)得到創(chuàng)新突破;④使橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)實用性得以體現(xiàn)的同事兼具美學(xué)特征。2、系統(tǒng)分析了橋梁基礎(chǔ)選型所需考慮的主要控制因素要確保橋梁基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)定性,則不得不考慮工程場區(qū)的水文地質(zhì)條件與工程地質(zhì)條件、結(jié)構(gòu)所受荷載及其耦合性質(zhì)、構(gòu)筑物用途及布置形式、原材的使用成本以及實施的可行性及投入產(chǎn)出比等因素的控制,結(jié)合使用安全可靠,技術(shù)簡便可行和經(jīng)濟合理高效原則,對不同類型的方案進行詳細(xì)對比分析,優(yōu)化確定橋梁基礎(chǔ)選型方案。3、論文對滬通大橋的地基進行工程地質(zhì)方面分析研究,并作出評價與定性、定量持力層的選擇針對長江下游地區(qū)新建南通至上海鐵路滬通長江大橋(公鐵合建)在工程場區(qū)內(nèi)復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)條件:工程場區(qū)內(nèi)的場地特征(包括氣象條件、地理位置、地形地貌等)、場區(qū)內(nèi)地質(zhì)條件(包括地層的巖性、新構(gòu)造運動影響、地質(zhì)條件構(gòu)造、主要斷裂情況及其活動性、地震和巖土體特征及其參數(shù))、場區(qū)內(nèi)地層的基本物理力學(xué)性能及其檢測結(jié)果、水文地質(zhì)的特性及特殊性質(zhì)土層或巖層和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)生幾率等方面在工程地質(zhì)方面作出評定。通過勘察結(jié)果并結(jié)合工程地質(zhì)評價以及考慮現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ)型式的特點、作用機理以及適用范圍進行各類擬采用基礎(chǔ)的持力層選擇。4、深水基礎(chǔ)選型優(yōu)化分析通過收集整合國內(nèi)外幾百座已建和在建橋梁的深水基礎(chǔ)形式和設(shè)計意圖,進行綜合對比分析,遴選跨江、跨海等深水橋梁基礎(chǔ)有效、可行、經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)類型,建立給出天生港專用航道橋深水基礎(chǔ)可采用的基礎(chǔ)選型庫。再從工程地質(zhì)學(xué)、力學(xué)角度及經(jīng)濟學(xué),利用層次分析法和模糊綜合評判法,進行橋梁基礎(chǔ)選型優(yōu)化,給出某橋梁深水基礎(chǔ)類型。本文結(jié)合長三角地區(qū)某新建的跨江通道工程實例,進行分析。從地質(zhì)勘探、地層分析、該地區(qū)類似大跨橋梁相關(guān)資料并結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)厮牡刭|(zhì)條件和氣候條件、通航要求,確定持力層,根據(jù)設(shè)計意圖和使用要求進行選擇可采用基礎(chǔ)形式,并通過層次分析和模糊綜合評判法選擇了最適宜的基礎(chǔ)形式并作出了巖土工程評價。我國現(xiàn)階段處在橋梁尤其鐵路(公鐵合建)橋梁的飛速發(fā)展時期,橋梁發(fā)展逐步從內(nèi)陸小河、城市立交、溝谷深壑、黃河長江、近海的中小跨度到現(xiàn)在不得不征服外海、海峽等的深水大跨。地形地貌和地質(zhì)條件的紛雜多樣以及使用功能要求等因素的存在,促進了我國橋梁基礎(chǔ)及結(jié)構(gòu)和施工都向著全方位、多領(lǐng)域的方向發(fā)展。如平潭海峽、港珠澳海域、瓊州海峽、浙江舟山大陸連島工程、杭州灣、膠州灣、臺灣海峽等都需要修建橋梁深水基礎(chǔ),最深可能達(dá)300m。跨越外海、海峽等的大跨、重載橋梁超深水下基礎(chǔ)必將遇到:深水急流、風(fēng)大浪高、地基軟弱、勘測手段不足、地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜甚至未知等的惡劣環(huán)境。筑島法和目前普遍采用的樁基礎(chǔ)難以滿足需求,將遇到超強水平荷載、深水施工平臺、防浪消能設(shè)施陳舊的制約。這就是我國橋梁從業(yè)者今后所需面對的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。這些紛雜多樣的橋梁基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計和施工的挑戰(zhàn)和克服,必定使我國在橋梁行業(yè)邁大步,綜合國力也得以體現(xiàn),也為國外同行者提供了借鑒的經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the country and city development, the construction of our country highway and high speed railway construction rapidly into the fast lane, shocked the world in the development scale and speed, become the industry leader and the forefront of the bridge. The bridge across the river, as an effective form of bad matter, even the Strait has been rapid the development of technology in China. The bridge has developed from the initial single form and backward technology, equipment development now has entered advanced ranks in the world. The lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China's river width, water depth, water rapids, the foundation of engineering geological condition is complex and changeable, the bridge construction in the complex natural and geographical conditions and site engineering geology under the condition of foundation construction has become more and more difficult. The foundation engineering is representative of the concealed works, assuming the existence of damage, not only found difficult, more difficult to restore the original state of the bridge foundation. As the load of the upper structure of the bridge is transferred to the special structure of rock and soil is the mainstay control of bridge structure safety. Based on safety and stability of bridge is mainly controlled by the engineering geological conditions of engineering geology. From this angle, the technical problems of large span bridge foundation type selection and in the construction of the engineering measures and solutions was studied. The main research results are as follows: 1, the current bridge technology development are systematically summarized, which can be summarized as the following four aspects: the breakthrough of super long span bridge; the new form and structure are constantly emerging; design concept and intention, construction technology ability and high performance materials, new technology innovation; the practicability of the bridge structure can reflect both colleagues aesthetic characteristics of.2, analyzes the main factors controlling system based selection of bridge needed to be considered for To ensure the stability of the bridge foundation, will have to consider the engineering field area hydrogeological conditions and engineering geological conditions, structural loads and coupling properties, structures and use of layout, the use cost of raw materials and the feasibility of implementation and the ratio of input and output factors such as control, combined with the use of safe and reliable, simple and feasible technology and economy reasonable and efficient principle, a detailed comparative analysis of different types of solution, optimized selection scheme based on the.3 bridge, Shanghai Tong Bridge foundation engineering geological analysis research, and make qualitative evaluation and quantitative, the selection of bearing stratum in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River area of new Nantong to Shanghai Railway (Shanghai Yangtze River bridge rail) in the engineering geological conditions in field area complex: the site characteristic field engineering (including meteorological conditions, geographical location, topography, etc.) in the area of geological field The conditions (including lithology, tectonic movement influence, geological conditions and main structure, fault activity, earthquake and rock and soil characteristics and parameters), field layer basic mechanical performance and the test results, the characteristics of hydrogeology and special properties of soil or rock and geological disaster risk assessment etc. in the aspect of engineering geology. Through the survey results and combined with the engineering geological evaluation and considering the characteristics of the existing foundation, mechanism and application of all kinds of the foundation bearing layer.4, deep water foundation selection optimization of deep foundation form and design intention analysis by collecting the integration of domestic and foreign hundreds of built and building bridges and carries on the comprehensive analysis, the selection of crossing the river, across the sea, deep water bridge foundation is effective, feasible, basic types of economy, building the tianshenggang special channel bridge Selection of foundation library deepwater foundation to be adopted. From the view of mechanics and engineering geology, economics, using AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, selection optimization of bridge foundation, is a type of bridge deep water foundation. This paper combined with the Yangtze River Delta region a new cross river channel engineering example analysis. Analysis of formation from geological exploration and, this area is similar to bridge the related data and combined with the local hydrogeological conditions and climatic conditions, the navigation requirements, determine the bearing layer, can be used to form the basis of choice according to the requirements of the design intent and use, and through the AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to select the most appropriate form of foundation and make the geotechnical engineering evaluation at the present stage of our country especially in the railway bridge (rail) the rapid development period of the bridge, the bridge has developed from the inland river, City Interchange, depth of gully, the Yellow River River, coastal medium and small span to now have to conquer the sea, Strait deepwater large span. Topographic and geological conditions of the complex and diverse functional requirements and other factors, promote our country bridge foundation and structure and construction are in full range, multi field direction. Such as the Pingtan Strait, Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao waters, Qiongzhou Strait, Zhejiang Zhoushan mainland link project, Hangzhou Bay, Jiaozhou Bay, the Taiwan Strait is to build bridge deep water foundation, the deepest may reach 300m. across the sea, Strait of long-span, heavy load bridge ultra deepwater foundation will meet: deepwater, high winds and waves, weak foundation survey lack of means, even unknown the bad environment with complex geological conditions. And the island method is now widely used in pile foundation is difficult to meet the demand, will encounter strong horizontal load, deep water construction platform, wave energy dissipation facilities this restriction. It is the difficulties and challenges that Chinese Bridge practitioners will face in the future. The challenges and overcome of these diverse bridge foundation design and construction will make our country take a big step in the bridge industry, and the comprehensive national strength is also reflected. It also provides reference for foreign travelers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U443.1

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