本文關(guān)鍵詞：步行性分析與步行交通規(guī)劃設(shè)計方法研究　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 步行性 城市形態(tài) 出行行為 街道環(huán)境 步行體驗 步行交通規(guī)劃 步行交通設(shè)計

【摘要】：步行是所有人與生俱來的能力,是最健康、最環(huán)保的交通方式。步行對城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展有非常多的益處,也越來越受到城市規(guī)劃與交通規(guī)劃等領(lǐng)域的重視。論文以步行性為研究對象,針對我國的實際情況對步行的主體——“人”開展研究,包括步行性與人的出行行為、步行性與人的步行體驗,以及提升步行性的步行交通規(guī)劃設(shè)計方法。論文將步行性理解為是一種構(gòu)造概念(construct),需要分別給予概念上的定義和操作上的定義,并根據(jù)定義尺度的不同將其分為城市步行性與街道步行性。城市步行性概念上定義為城市形態(tài)支持步行的程度。使用南京市2012年居民出行調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)及現(xiàn)狀土地使用、交通設(shè)施、興趣點等的地理信息數(shù)據(jù),從集計與非集計兩個層面研究了家庭所在的居住區(qū)的城市形態(tài)對居民出行行為的影響。集計層面使用5個城市形態(tài)因素將1996個家庭所在的居住區(qū)進行分層聚類,得到4類城市步行性存在顯著差異的居住區(qū),進而使用方差分析與TukeyHSD研究不同城市步行性的居住區(qū)中居民出行模式的差異。由于城市步行性的提高有助于增加步行出行、公交出行以及減少私人小汽車出行,因此非集計層面在控制出行者社會經(jīng)濟屬性和距離因素的基礎(chǔ)上,分別建立MML模型,BL模型與線性回歸模型研究了城市形態(tài)因素對步行方式選擇、公共交通方式選擇、個人小汽車出行距離的影響。對模型參數(shù)進行分析并最終得到構(gòu)成城市步行性的城市形態(tài)因素對居民出行行為的影響。街道步行性概念上定義為街道環(huán)境利于步行的程度。通過在南京市開展街道測量調(diào)查與街道視頻評分調(diào)查,基于調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)研究街道環(huán)境對行人步行體驗的影響。街道測量調(diào)查記錄了18條街道(兩側(cè)共計36個步行斷面)共23項的街道元素。視頻評分調(diào)查通過組織人員觀看所有步行斷面的視頻,并完成基于李克特量表法設(shè)計街道步行評分表。以街道測量調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計了18個表征街道步行環(huán)境特征的自變量,采用探索性因子分析提取出5個公共因子,進而使用順序選擇模型建模上述5個公共因子與街道步行評分的關(guān)系。對模型結(jié)果進行分析并最終得到構(gòu)成街道步行性的街道環(huán)境因素對街道步行評分的影響。從網(wǎng)絡(luò)、空間、環(huán)境等三個方面研究步行交通規(guī)劃設(shè)計方法,旨在通過步行網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃提升城市步行性,通過步行空間設(shè)計與步行環(huán)境設(shè)計提升街道步行性。首先提出了潛在步行需求分析方法并用R語言實現(xiàn),作為步行交通規(guī)劃的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。在步行網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃中提出三種步行分區(qū)方法,通過步行分區(qū)將步行交通規(guī)劃從城市尺度向人的尺度轉(zhuǎn)變。提出了考慮臨街的土地使用與建筑設(shè)計的步行道分級體系,依據(jù)交叉口間距與步行體驗的關(guān)系提出了對應(yīng)于不同步行分區(qū)的步行網(wǎng)絡(luò)密度要求,對步行網(wǎng)絡(luò)與公共交通銜接及步行網(wǎng)絡(luò)的評價指標(biāo)也進行了研究。在步行空間設(shè)計中分未建成區(qū)域和已建成區(qū)域分別研究了人行道空間的設(shè)計方法和人行過街空間的設(shè)計方法。步行環(huán)境設(shè)計采用問題導(dǎo)向的思路,通過總結(jié)街道測量調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)的步行環(huán)境實際問題,針對性的研究相應(yīng)的步行環(huán)境設(shè)計方法。研究內(nèi)容包括人行道、人行過街信號控制、公交站臺、街道家具、綠化、臨街建筑、渠化島、交通寧靜化設(shè)計、管理與維護等。
[Abstract]:The ability to walk is the birthright of all people, is the most healthy, the most environmentally friendly mode of transport. Walking is very much benefit to the sustainable development of the city, more and more areas of city planning and traffic planning and attention. In order to walk as the research object, according to the actual situation of our country on foot the subject of "people" to conduct the research, including the travel behavior of people walking and walking, and walking experience, and enhance the pedestrian planning and design method of traffic walk. This walk will be understood as a structural concept (construct), to the definition and concept were given operation definition and it is divided into the city walk and walk the streets according to the definition of the different scales. The concept of city walking is defined as the city form support walking level. Using survey data and the current situation of residents in Nanjing city in 2012 to travel the land Use, transport facilities, geographical information data points of interest, from the effects of aggregate and disaggregate two levels of home residential area of the city residents travel behavior pattern on the aggregate level. The use of 5 city form factors of the 1996 families in the residential area of hierarchical clustering, get 4 there are significant differences in the City Walk of residential area, and then use the analysis of variance and TukeyHSD of different city pedestrian travel patterns of residents in residential areas. Because of differences in the city on foot increase helps to increase pedestrian travel, bus travel and reduce private car travel, so the disaggregate level in the control of travel economy the attribute and distance of social factors, respectively, to establish the MML model, BL model and linear regression model to study the morphological factors of city walking mode choice, choose public transportation, individual small car The effect of distance. The analysis of the model parameters and get the final impact of city walking city morphological factors of residents travel behavior. Street walking concept is defined as to walk street environment. Through the investigation and measurement of street street in Nanjing city as the frequency score survey, survey data of pedestrian street environment experience the influence of the pedestrian street. Based on the survey recorded 18 streets (on both sides of a total of 36 pedestrian street section) 23 elements. The video score survey watch all the video by walking section organization personnel, and complete the Likert scale score. Based on the design of street walking to the street survey data as the basis 18, design and characterization of street walking environment characteristic variables, using exploratory factor analysis to extract 5 common factors, and then use the model on the order selection The 5 common factors and the street walk score. The relationship between the analysis results of the model and get the final form of Street Pedestrian Street environmental factors influence on the street walk score. From the network, space, environment and so on three aspects of pedestrian planning and design method of traffic, to walk through the network planning and enhance the city walk through. The walking space design and environmental design to enhance the walking street walking. First proposed the potential walking demand analysis method and using R language, as a key technology of pedestrian traffic. The three foot partition method proposed in pedestrian network planning, walk through the pedestrian traffic partition will change from city scale to human scale is proposed. Considering the land use and building design of street walking road classification system, according to the relationship between the intersection spacing and walking experience put forward corresponding to the different points on foot The pedestrian network density requirements of pedestrian network and public transport links and pedestrian network evaluation index is also studied. The walking space design in the uncompleted region and has completed the design method of area were studied and the sidewalk space of pedestrian space. Walking environment design adopts the problem oriented ideas. Through summarizing the survey found in the street walking environment problems, the corresponding walking environment design method of targeted research. Research contents include sidewalks, pedestrian crossing signal control, bus station, street furniture, landscaping, street construction, island, traffic calming design, management and maintenance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491
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本文編號：1435223