本文關鍵詞：重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)（LID）規(guī)劃設計和應用研究　出處：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 道路系統(tǒng) 低影響開發(fā) 規(guī)劃布局 設計計算 模擬應用

【摘要】：城市化進程不斷加快,城市發(fā)展蒸蒸日上,城市面貌在發(fā)生天翻地覆的轉變的同時,原有土壤、植被等自然土地下墊面逐漸被替代,取而代之的是大量鋼筋混凝土筑成的城市灰色基礎設施。城市下墊面的改變導致城市不透水表面增加,雨水徑流系數(shù)加大,降雨資源不能及時有效的滲透補給地下水,雨水徑流量增多,峰值流量增大,污染嚴重,洪澇災害頻發(fā)。城市道路系統(tǒng)作為城市主要下墊面之一,占地面積大,使用頻率高,道路雨水問題亟待解決。低影響開發(fā)作為一種新型生態(tài)雨洪管理理念,城市道路系統(tǒng)的低影響開發(fā)建設具有一定的可行性和必要性,且具有諸多建設優(yōu)勢和特點,將成為城市道路系統(tǒng)生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展建設的趨勢,目前針對重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設的研究則相對較少,尤其是從規(guī)劃設計與應用角度的研究較為匱乏。本文對重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)研究建設背景進行了簡要的闡述,闡明了城市道路系統(tǒng)雨洪管理問題及道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設的發(fā)展契機、可行性、迫切性和必要性;對重慶道路及其排水系統(tǒng)發(fā)展建設,低影響開發(fā)理念及國內外相關理論和實踐研究現(xiàn)狀進行了基本概述,為重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設提供學習借鑒。以重慶降雨和坡度特征為研究的出發(fā)點,選擇出適用于重慶道路系統(tǒng)的生物滯留帶、生態(tài)樹池、下凹式綠地、透水鋪裝和植草溝等低影響開發(fā)設施,對其在重慶道路特征條件下的結構參數(shù)和調整建設進行了重點研究,確定各設施不同結構層的厚度,并分別從土壤、植物、坡度等方面給出各設施的建設建議,為重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)規(guī)劃設計和應用提供了參考依據(jù);研究重慶道路周邊雨水調蓄設施的選擇和建設,補充和完善重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設。調查了重慶市主城區(qū)651個道路路段,根據(jù)道路規(guī)劃設計規(guī)范要求,從城市雨洪管理的角度,結合重慶各類道路路側有無綠化分隔帶和行道樹列的表現(xiàn)特征,將重慶快速路和主干路、次干路、支路劃分為不同的形式(三種類型七種形式),使重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)規(guī)劃設計更適應重慶道路特征和建設現(xiàn)狀,研究針對性更強;結合規(guī)范要求和現(xiàn)狀調查,將重慶道路坡度劃分為0.5%—3.0%,3.0%—6.0%和大于6.0%三個范圍,并論述了不同坡度對道路雨水徑流和低影響開發(fā)設施建設的影響,坡度的增加造成雨水徑流速度的增大,對設施表層造成一定的沖刷�？偨Y借鑒已有道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設的經(jīng)驗和不足,結合重慶道路水文分析,提出與重慶不同道路形式相對應的低影響開發(fā)規(guī)劃布局模式,充分利用道路人行道規(guī)劃透水下墊面,利用綠化空間建設低影響開發(fā)設施,并對重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設各部分之間的銜接關系進行了研究,各部分之間通過雨水漫流、集中匯流和適當引流進行有效銜接,合理的規(guī)劃布局模式可在今后重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設中借鑒應用。對重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)設施的設計規(guī)模進行研究,確定了各設施公式演算和模型模擬相結合的設計方法,在重慶不同形式道路低影響開發(fā)設施的設計計算中加以應用,確定各道路低影響開發(fā)設施的設計規(guī)模,人行道鋪設透水鋪裝,其它低影響開發(fā)設施則根據(jù)設計降雨目標和雨水徑流量合理確定規(guī)模,并對其在不同降雨條件下的雨水徑流處理能力進行模擬,計算方法的結合應用為低影響開發(fā)設施研究提供了更為嚴謹、精確的設計方法,明確了重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)設施的設計規(guī)模,驗證了其良好的雨水徑流處理能力和對不同降雨的應對能力。解讀悅來新城的規(guī)劃背景和基礎概況,選取適當?shù)钠瑓^(qū)進行場地分析,確定建設目標,悅來新城道路雨水徑流處理能力應達到年徑流總量控制率的80%,盡量恢復自然狀態(tài)下的水文狀況。對片區(qū)內主要道路及其低影響開發(fā)建設現(xiàn)狀進行調查,評價總結現(xiàn)狀建設的效果和存在的不足。在現(xiàn)狀建設條件允許的情況下,將文章理論關于重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)設施的調整建設、規(guī)劃布局模式和設計規(guī)模的研究應用于悅來新城道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設,并對其建設效果進行了模擬和討論,合理的規(guī)劃設計使悅來新城道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)建設雨水徑流處理能力進一步提升,景觀效果進一步加強,為重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)規(guī)劃設計建設提供了借鑒參考,形成良好的試點建設示范區(qū)。研究為重慶道路系統(tǒng)低影響開發(fā)規(guī)劃設計建設提供了合理準確的方法,表明了研究和建設的可行性,得出更適應重慶道路特征的低影響開發(fā)設施研究、規(guī)劃布局和設計規(guī)模的結論成果,形成統(tǒng)一的研究建設模式又具有一定的變化,可有效解決重慶道路系統(tǒng)雨水徑流問題,展現(xiàn)重慶道路建設的綜合效益,指導后續(xù)研究建設,并推廣應用。
[Abstract]:Accelerating the process of city, city development on the upgrade, the appearance of the city changes occur in the sea at the same time, the original soil, vegetation and other natural land surface gradually replaced, it is replaced by the grey city infrastructure built a large number of reinforced concrete. The change of city underlying surface in the city increased impervious surface, increase the runoff coefficient. Groundwater resources can not be timely and effective rainfall infiltration recharge, runoff increased, the peak flow rate increases, serious pollution, frequent floods. As the city city road system the main surface of large area, high frequency of use, road rainwater problems need to be solved urgently. Low impact development as a new type of ecological stormwater management concept. City road system development and construction of low impact has certain feasibility and necessity, and has many advantages and characteristics of construction, will become the city City road system ecological sustainable development trend, the present research on low impact development and construction of the Chongqing road system is relatively small, especially from the planning design and application perspective are rare. This paper makes a brief summary on the Chongqing road system of low impact development of construction background, expounds the feasibility of city road stormwater management system the problem of low impact development and road system construction development opportunity, the urgency and necessity of development; construction of Chongqing road and drainage system, the basic overview of low impact development concept and the related theory and practice research status at home and abroad, to provide reference for the study of Chongqing road system of low impact development construction. Rainfall and slope characteristics in Chongqing as the starting point of the study, select suitable for the road system in Chongqing bioretention ecological zone, tree pool, sunken green space, permeable pavement and Grass ditch low impact development facilities, the structure parameters in Chongqing road characteristic conditions and adjust the construction of key research facilities to determine the different structure layer thickness, and separately from the soil, plants, and other aspects of the slope infrastructure construction, provides the reference for Chongqing road system of low impact development design and application research; Chongqing road choice and surrounding the construction of rainwater storage facilities, to supplement and improve the road system in Chongqing. The investigation of low impact development and construction in urban district of Chongqing City Road 651, road planning according to the design requirements, from city stormwater management perspective, combined with the Chongqing side of the road is all kinds of features green walls and trees of columns, the Chongqing Expressway and trunk road, secondary road branch, divided into different forms (three types of seven forms, the Chongqing road system) Influence of development planning and design to adapt to the characteristics and actuality of Chongqing road construction, research more targeted; combined with the specification and present situation investigation, the Chongqing road slope is divided into 0.5% - 3%, 3% - 6% and 6% greater than three, and discusses the different slope runoff and low impact development facilities influence on the road rainwater. The slope of the increase caused by rain runoff velocity, caused a certain degree of erosion on the surface. Summarizing the existing road facilities construction system of low impact development and lack of experience, combined with the Chongqing road hydrological analysis, corresponding with different Chongqing road form of low impact development planning and layout mode, make full use of road pavement planning pervious surface. The green space construction of low impact development facilities, and the connection relationship between Chongqing road system of low impact development construction of each part of each part, Through rain flow, concentrate and proper drainage effectively, reasonable layout mode can be applied in the future Chongqing road system of low impact development construction. Research design scale of road system in Chongqing low impact development facilities, the design method of each facility calculus formulas and model simulation combined with the application in the design and calculation of Chongqing in different forms of road of low impact development facilities, designed to determine the size of the road of low impact development facilities, laying the pavement permeable pavement, other low impact development facilities according to the design goals and the rainfall runoff reasonably determine the scale, and the different rainfall conditions of rainwater runoff treatment capacity is simulated combined with the application of calculation methods for the research and development of facilities of low impact provides a more rigorous design method, accurate, clear Chongqing Road The scale of road design system of low impact development facilities, verify its good processing capacity and runoff for different rainfall response ability. The background and basis of the planning of Wyatt to Newcastle, selecting the appropriate area for site analysis, determine the construction goal of Metro Yue Lai road runoff treatment capacity should reach the total annual runoff control the rate of 80%, to restore the hydrological conditions under natural conditions. To investigate the development present situation of the construction of the main road area and low impact, lack of summing up the current situation of construction effect and evaluation. In the current situation of the construction permit conditions, the article will adjust the construction theory on Chongqing road system of low impact development facilities, planning and layout model and design scale is applied to the study of Yuelai Metro Road System of low impact development construction, and the construction was simulated and discussed, reasonable The planning and design of the panda Metro Road System of low impact development and construction of rainwater runoff treatment capacity to further enhance the landscape effect to further strengthen, provides a reference for the road system in Chongqing low impact development planning design and construction, form a good pilot demonstration area. The research provides a reasonably accurate method for the Chongqing road system planning design and construction of low impact development that indicates the feasibility study and construction, get more adaptation of low impact development facilities in Chongqing road features, layout and design of the size of the conclusion results, the formation of a unified research construction mode has certain change, can effectively solve the problem of Chongqing road system of rainwater runoff, show the comprehensive benefits of Chongqing road construction, construction further research and application.

【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U417.3;TU992

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