發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-09 12:47

【摘要】：隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,離心泵的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來(lái)越廣泛,但是汽蝕這一難題導(dǎo)致其性能下降、損失增大,不僅影響了離心泵的工作穩(wěn)定性和可靠性,而且浪費(fèi)了很多能量,所以研究離心泵的汽蝕有重要意義。本文使用自行搭建的可視化半開(kāi)式離心泵實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),分別進(jìn)行了離心泵的性能實(shí)驗(yàn)和汽蝕實(shí)驗(yàn),在實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上使用ANSYS軟件對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)泵進(jìn)行建模,并進(jìn)行了內(nèi)流場(chǎng)、汽蝕的數(shù)值模擬,與實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果相印證。最后分析了葉頂間隙、動(dòng)靜葉相互作用對(duì)離心泵汽蝕的影響。主要工作如下:1、搭建可視化半開(kāi)式離心泵實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行離心泵的性能實(shí)驗(yàn)和汽蝕實(shí)驗(yàn),繪制出離心泵性能曲線,采用高速攝像技術(shù)拍攝汽蝕現(xiàn)象,拍攝結(jié)果顯示汽蝕發(fā)生的位置位于離心泵動(dòng)葉進(jìn)口吸力面。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)離心泵的幾何參數(shù)建立三維模型,使用CFX進(jìn)行離心泵的內(nèi)流場(chǎng)模擬,將性能曲線與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比,誤差在10%以內(nèi)。2、模擬汽蝕情況下不同流量工況離心泵的壓力場(chǎng)分布和氣體體積分?jǐn)?shù)分布,并繪制了汽蝕余量-揚(yáng)程曲線和汽蝕余量-流量曲線。結(jié)果表明:汽蝕一般率先發(fā)生在離心泵動(dòng)葉進(jìn)口吸力面偏后位置,隨著汽蝕的加深汽蝕發(fā)生區(qū)域沿動(dòng)葉的流線方向發(fā)展,這與實(shí)驗(yàn)所拍攝的結(jié)果相符合。隨著流量的增大,汽蝕發(fā)生的工況提前,即發(fā)生汽蝕時(shí)進(jìn)口壓力的值增大。3、分析了葉頂間隙和動(dòng)靜葉相互作用對(duì)離心泵汽蝕性能的影響。首先對(duì)不同葉頂間隙下離心泵的汽蝕進(jìn)行分析,繪制了額定流量下不同葉頂間隙的NPSHH曲線,找到汽蝕臨界點(diǎn),結(jié)果表明,在一定范圍內(nèi),隨著葉頂間隙的增大,離心泵的揚(yáng)程下降,并且越容易發(fā)生汽蝕。然后分析了動(dòng)靜葉相互作用對(duì)離心泵性能的影響,然后分析了動(dòng)靜葉不同相對(duì)位置時(shí)的氣體體積分?jǐn)?shù)分布以及葉片載荷的分布。結(jié)果表明,隨著葉輪的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),離心泵性能、壓力場(chǎng)的分布、氣體體積分布的分布都呈周期性變化,汽蝕發(fā)生的區(qū)域在動(dòng)葉前段至1/5長(zhǎng)度處。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, the application of centrifugal pump is more and more extensive, but the cavitation problem leads to its performance decline and loss increase, which not only affects the working stability and reliability of centrifugal pump, but also wastes a lot of energy. So it is important to study cavitation of centrifugal pump. In this paper, the performance experiment and cavitation experiment of the centrifugal pump are carried out by using the visual semi-open centrifugal pump test bench built by ourselves. On the basis of the experiment, the experimental pump is modeled with ANSYS software, and the numerical simulation of the internal flow field and cavitation erosion is carried out. The results are in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the effects of tip clearance and dynamic and static blade interaction on cavitation of centrifugal pump are analyzed. The main work is as follows: 1. Build a visual semi-open centrifugal pump test bench for centrifugal pump performance experiment and cavitation experiment, draw the centrifugal pump performance curve, use high-speed camera technology to photograph cavitation phenomenon, The results showed that the cavitation occurred on the suction surface of centrifugal pump. According to the geometric parameters of the experimental centrifugal pump, the three-dimensional model is established, and the internal flow field of the centrifugal pump is simulated by using CFX. The performance curve is compared with the experimental data and the error is less than 10%. The pressure field distribution and gas volume fraction distribution of centrifugal pump with different flow conditions were simulated and the cavitation residual-lift curves and cavitation residual-flow curves were plotted. The results show that cavitation generally occurs first in the inlet suction surface of centrifugal pump and develops along the flow line of the moving blade with the deepening of cavitation, which is consistent with the experimental results. With the increase of flow rate, the cavitation occurs in advance, that is, the inlet pressure increases when cavitation occurs. 3. The influence of blade tip clearance and dynamic and static blade interaction on cavitation performance of centrifugal pump is analyzed. Firstly, the cavitation of centrifugal pump with different blade top clearance is analyzed, the NPSHH curve of different blade top clearance under rated flow rate is drawn, and the cavitation critical point is found. The results show that the cavitation critical point increases with the increase of blade top clearance in a certain range. The head of the centrifugal pump drops, and the more prone to cavitation. Then the influence of the interaction of the stator and the stator on the performance of the centrifugal pump is analyzed, and the distribution of the volume fraction of gas and the load distribution of the blade at different relative positions are analyzed. The results show that with the rotation of impeller, the performance of centrifugal pump, the distribution of pressure field and the distribution of gas volume change periodically, and the region of cavitation occurs from the front of the blade to a fifth of the length of the blade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 翟之平;張釗源;楊忠義;劉祥;;油田用離心泵汽蝕性能的數(shù)值分析與試驗(yàn)[J];流體機(jī)械;2015年08期

2 陳怡;吳玉萍;梁偉燦;劉博;錢(qián)玲;樓益龍;;超音速火焰噴涂Fe基合金涂層的抗汽蝕性能[J];金屬熱處理;2011年06期

3 劉宜;趙希楓;齊學(xué)義;惠偉安;張文軍;;離心泵空蝕湍流的非定常數(shù)值模擬[J];蘭州理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2008年03期

4 劉宜;張文軍;杜杰;;離心泵內(nèi)部空化流動(dòng)的數(shù)值預(yù)測(cè)[J];排灌機(jī)械;2008年03期

5 王勇;劉厚林;談明高;;泵汽蝕研究現(xiàn)狀及展望[J];水泵技術(shù);2008年01期

6 楊敏官;劉棟;顧海飛;李忠;;鹽析液固兩相流場(chǎng)的PIV測(cè)量方法[J];江蘇大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2007年04期

7 席光;盧金鈴;祁大同;;混流泵葉輪內(nèi)部流動(dòng)的PIV實(shí)驗(yàn)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào);2006年10期

8 黃道見(jiàn);;離心泵葉輪內(nèi)汽蝕發(fā)生的理論探討[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2006年06期

9 朱榮生;付強(qiáng);李維斌;;低比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)離心泵葉輪內(nèi)汽蝕兩相流三維數(shù)值模擬[J];農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào);2006年05期

10 李軍;劉立軍;豐鎮(zhèn)平;;附著空化流動(dòng)下離心泵水力性能數(shù)值預(yù)測(cè)[J];西安交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 趙斌娟;雙流道泵內(nèi)非定常三維湍流數(shù)值模擬及PIV測(cè)試[D];江蘇大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 管俊;基于兩相流的多級(jí)離心泵汽蝕性能分析[D];華南理工大學(xué);2011年

2 黃歡明;軸流泵內(nèi)流場(chǎng)的數(shù)值模擬與PIV實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：2320458