【摘要】：作為國(guó)際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)中的一種思想流派,歐洲共產(chǎn)主義正式形成于20世紀(jì)70年代,主要指一些發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國(guó)家共產(chǎn)黨在探索本國(guó)向社會(huì)主義過(guò)渡的道路時(shí)提出的一系列思想主張。研究歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的主要思想,不僅能夠深入了解歐洲發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國(guó)家共產(chǎn)黨的歷史沿革,通過(guò)分析歐洲共產(chǎn)主義走向衰落的原因,還可以為中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)和借鑒。本文在馬克思主義的指導(dǎo)下,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究法,通過(guò)搜集、整理、分析大量與歐洲共產(chǎn)主義相關(guān)的書(shū)籍和資料,系統(tǒng)地闡釋了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的主要思想主張。本文還使用了求異比較的比較研究法,研究了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義與蘇聯(lián)等東歐社會(huì)主義國(guó)家在通往社會(huì)主義道路的方式、社會(huì)主義國(guó)家的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)制度以及對(duì)馬列主義的態(tài)度等方面的區(qū)別。文章以歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的思想淵源為起點(diǎn),探討了恩格斯的“政治遺囑”等歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的四大思想來(lái)源。重點(diǎn)研究了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義對(duì)資本主義國(guó)家的社會(huì)主義改造思想,包括通過(guò)平方式進(jìn)入社會(huì)主義、多黨輪流執(zhí)政和實(shí)行公有制為主的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度等。剖析了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義與其他左翼政黨及同蘇聯(lián)等國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的關(guān)系,闡述了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的外交主張。接著提出了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義對(duì)馬列主義的態(tài)度,比較了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義與蘇聯(lián)等社會(huì)主義國(guó)家在“馬列主義是什么”和“如何看待馬列主義”等問(wèn)題上的區(qū)別。文章最后分析了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義衰落的原因,揭示了歐洲共產(chǎn)主義是什么樣的“社會(huì)主義”的問(wèn)題,即歐洲共產(chǎn)主義的實(shí)質(zhì),并對(duì)其給予較為客觀的評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:As an ideological school in the international communist movement, the European Communism was formally formed in the 1970s, mainly referring to a series of ideas put forward by the Communist Party of the developed capitalist countries in the exploration of the country's way to the transition of socialism. To study the main ideas of European communism, not only can we deeply understand the history of the Communist Party of the developed capitalist countries in Europe, but also can provide the lessons and reference for the construction of the socialism with Chinese characteristics through the analysis of the reasons for the decline of the communist movement in Europe. Under the guidance of Marxism, the author makes a systematic exposition of the main ideas of European Communism by collecting, sorting and analyzing a large number of books and materials related to European Communism. This paper also uses a comparative study of the difference between the European Communism and the Soviet Union and other Eastern European socialist countries in the way to the socialist road, the political and economic system of the socialist state and the attitude towards the Marxism-Leninism. Based on the source of the thought of communism in Europe, the article discusses the four main sources of thought, such as Engels' "political will" and other European Communism. This paper focuses on the socialist transformation of the capitalist countries in the European Communism, including the economic system, which is dominated by the socialist, multi-party rotation and public ownership. The relationship between the European Communism and the other left-wing political parties and the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union was analyzed, and the foreign policy of the European Communism was expounded. Then put forward the attitude of European communism to the Marxism-Leninism, and compared the differences between the European Communism and the socialist countries such as the Soviet Union in the "What is Marxism-Leninism" and the "How to view the Marxism-Leninism". The paper finally analyzes the causes of the decline of communism in Europe, and reveals what kind of "socialism" of European communism is, that is, the essence of European communism and the objective evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D18

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