【摘要】：自上世紀末以來,我國的人口老齡化趨勢日益嚴重,養(yǎng)老問題已成為我國最嚴重的社會問題之一。然而,由于我國家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老功能弱化；養(yǎng)老院等養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)質(zhì)量參差不齊,不能滿足當前的養(yǎng)老需求；同時,政府大包大攬的養(yǎng)老方式由于資金和人員的不足,也不可能徹底解決我國的養(yǎng)老問題。在此大背景下,發(fā)展居家養(yǎng)老已經(jīng)成為解決我國養(yǎng)老問題的必然之選。同時,隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和公民社會的建立,非營利組織已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為第三部門最主要的組織形式,成為社會治理的重要主體,在社會問題上發(fā)揮的作用越來越重要,非營利組織因其自身所具有的特點,在提供居家養(yǎng)老服務方面顯示出了獨特的優(yōu)勢。部分學者結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)型期中國社會發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,在居家養(yǎng)老服務內(nèi)涵的界定、居家養(yǎng)老服務中非營利組織的角色和定位,以及社會組織參與政府購買居家養(yǎng)老服務等方面做出了一系列研究成果,但目前理論界尚無學者在居家養(yǎng)老服務中非營利組織動員機制方面做出深入研究。因此,加強對非營利組織動員機制的研究,推動非營利組織參與居家養(yǎng)老是當前解決養(yǎng)老問題的必然途徑。 關于非營利組織以及居家養(yǎng)老的研究起源于西方國家,與其相關的理論體系是在西方的政治、經(jīng)濟、社會、文化等背景下形成的,而我國無論是從政治到文化,都與西方有所差別,因此對我國居家養(yǎng)老服務中非營利組織的動員機制研究,將推動我國非營利組織與居家養(yǎng)老理論與實踐本土化研究的發(fā)展,進而促進非營利組織的可持續(xù)發(fā)展與老年人福利的提高。 本文以“居家養(yǎng)老服務中非營利組織的動員機制”為題,在目前動員理論以及非營利組織參與居家養(yǎng)老服務研究的成果之上,根據(jù)公民社會理論、社會資本理論、激勵理論等理論基礎,分析了非營利組織動員機制各要素之間的互動關系和運行過程,構(gòu)建了非營利組織的動員機制框架,并在此基礎上重點做了兩個方面的研究：一方面,描述我國居家養(yǎng)老中非營利組織動員機制的現(xiàn)狀,并指出存在的主要問題：動員主體獨立性受到侵蝕以及動員能力低下、動員客體范圍狹窄且參與性不足、動員方式及策略簡單且流于形式以及動員環(huán)境的不良,繼而根據(jù)現(xiàn)存問題有針對性的從政治根源、經(jīng)濟根源、社會根源以及文化根源等角度對其產(chǎn)生的深層次原因加以剖析。另一方面,圍繞非營利組織動員機制的各個要素提出了加強我國居家養(yǎng)老服務中非營利組織動員機制建設的一些對策建議：加強動員主體自身建設、拓展非營利組織的動員客體、創(chuàng)新非營利組織的動員方式、優(yōu)化動員化境以及完善居家養(yǎng)老服務的激勵機制,構(gòu)建一個合理高效的非營利組織的動員機制,調(diào)動一切資源,以確保居家養(yǎng)老服務的順利開展。
[Abstract]:Since the end of last century, the aging trend of population in our country has become more and more serious, and the problem of providing for the aged has become one of the most serious social problems in our country. However, due to the change of family structure in our country, the function of traditional family pension is weakened; the quality of pension institutions such as nursing homes is uneven and can not meet the current needs for the aged; at the same time, due to the shortage of funds and personnel, it is impossible for the government to completely solve the problem of providing for the aged in our country. In this context, the development of home pension has become an inevitable choice to solve the pension problem in our country. At the same time, with the development of socialist market economy and the establishment of civil society in our country, non-profit organizations have developed into the most important organizational form of the third sector and become an important subject of social governance. Non-profit organizations play a more and more important role in social issues. Because of their own characteristics, non-profit organizations have shown unique advantages in providing home-based pension services. According to the present situation of Chinese social development in the transitional period, some scholars have made a series of research results in the definition of the connotation of home pension service, the role and positioning of non-profit organizations in home pension service, and the participation of social organizations in the purchase of home pension service. However, at present, no scholars in the theoretical circle have made in-depth research on the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations in home pension service. Therefore, strengthening the research on the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations and promoting the participation of non-profit organizations in providing for the aged at home is the inevitable way to solve the problem of providing for the aged. The research on non-profit organizations and providing for the aged at home originates from western countries, and the related theoretical system is formed under the background of politics, economy, society and culture in the West. However, China is different from the West in terms of politics and culture. Therefore, the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations in the home pension service in China is studied. It will promote the development of localization research on the theory and practice of non-profit organizations and home pension in China, and then promote the sustainable development of non-profit organizations and the improvement of the welfare of the elderly. Based on the topic of "Mobilization Mechanism of non-profit organizations in Home Endowment Service", based on the current mobilization theory and the research results of non-profit organizations participating in home pension services, according to the theory of civil society, social capital theory, incentive theory and other theoretical basis, this paper analyzes the interaction and operation process among the elements of the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations, and constructs the framework of mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations. On this basis, it focuses on two aspects of research: on the one hand, it describes the current situation of the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations in the home pension in China, and points out the main problems: the independence of the mobilization subject is eroded and the mobilization ability is low, the scope of the mobilization object is narrow and the participation is insufficient, the mobilization mode and strategy are simple and simple, and the mobilization environment is poor. Then, according to the existing problems, the deep-seated causes are analyzed from the angles of political root, economic root, social root and cultural root. On the other hand, around the various elements of the mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for strengthening the construction of mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations in the home pension service in China: strengthening the construction of mobilization subject itself, expanding the mobilization object of non-profit organizations, innovating the mobilization mode of non-profit organizations, optimizing the mobilization environment and perfecting the incentive mechanism of home pension services. To construct a reasonable and efficient mobilization mechanism of non-profit organizations and mobilize all resources to ensure the smooth development of home pension services.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D669.6;D632.9
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本文編號：2505501