本文選題：政府 + 職能��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：慈善是指在政府倡導(dǎo)、幫助和扶持下,個(gè)人或者群體自愿的通過社會(huì)組織機(jī)構(gòu)或其他途徑,向社會(huì)或個(gè)人無償提供錢物以及勞務(wù)等,旨在改變受助者生存環(huán)境的援助行為。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,貧富差距加大成為阻礙我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的不穩(wěn)定因素。作為我國“第三次分配”的主要組成部分,慈善事業(yè)當(dāng)仁不讓的成為社會(huì)和諧的“穩(wěn)定器”。目前,我國實(shí)行政府主導(dǎo)下的協(xié)作模式,簡單來說就是政府有責(zé)任和義務(wù)引導(dǎo)、促進(jìn)、監(jiān)督慈善事業(yè)的發(fā)展。政府應(yīng)致力于努力構(gòu)建“大社會(huì)、小政府”的社會(huì)管理模式,實(shí)現(xiàn)慈善事業(yè)的和諧發(fā)展。近年來,我國慈善界接連爆出“郭美美事件”、“尚德詐捐門”等慈善惡性事件,說明在經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的今天,慈善事業(yè)的發(fā)展存在著諸多問題,政府作為引導(dǎo)者、監(jiān)督者責(zé)無旁貸。因此,明確政府在慈善事業(yè)中的職能尤為重要。 本文首先介紹了文章的行文背景并明確了研究意義,同時(shí)將所涉及的書籍、文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了梳理,形成了為行文有借鑒意義的文獻(xiàn)綜述。文章共有圖3幅,表3個(gè),參考文獻(xiàn)30篇。研究過程中,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)我國慈善事業(yè)中共有制度建設(shè)存在漏洞、慈善捐贈(zèng)意愿動(dòng)力不足、慈善組織“行政化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重”、慈善組織公信力缺失等四大問題。針對上述問題,筆者分別分析了具有代表性的美國、英國、加拿大、新加坡四大發(fā)達(dá)國家慈善模式,總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗(yàn)。最后筆者從政府的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)服務(wù)等四大政府職能角度提出了相關(guān)意見和建議。政治政策決定慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展的外部環(huán)境,經(jīng)濟(jì)稅收是慈善事業(yè)的物質(zhì)激勵(lì)利器,文化是中華民族慈善事業(yè)的向心力和凝聚力所在,社會(huì)服務(wù)是慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展的重要航向標(biāo)。雖然我們目前的慈善水平和期望之間還存在著不小的差距,但是我們相信通過對政府職能的探索與改革,中國的慈善事業(yè)水平在未來會(huì)達(dá)到質(zhì)的飛躍,真正實(shí)現(xiàn)取之于民,用之于民,造福于人民。
[Abstract]:Charity refers to the voluntary provision of money and services to the society or individuals by means of social organization or other means under the initiative, help and support of the government, which aims to change the living environment of the recipients. With the development of economy, the gap between rich and poor has become an unstable factor hindering the further development of our country's economy and society. As the main part of the third distribution, philanthropy becomes the stabilizer of social harmony. At present, our country carries out the cooperation mode under the guidance of the government, that is, the government has the responsibility and obligation to guide, promote and supervise the development of charity. The government should make great efforts to construct the social management mode of "big society and small government" to realize the harmonious development of charity. In recent years, the "Guo Meimei incident" and the "Shang Tak fraudulent donation" have sprung up in the charitable circles of our country. This shows that in today's rapid economic development, there are many problems in the development of philanthropy, and the government is the guide. Supervisors are duty-bound. Therefore, it is particularly important to clarify the functions of the government in philanthropy. This paper firstly introduces the background of the article and clarifies the significance of the research. At the same time, it combs the books and documents involved, and forms a literature review that has reference significance for the text. There are 3 pictures, 3 tables and 30 references. In the course of the research, the author finds that there are four major problems in the construction of the common system of charity in our country, such as the lack of motive force of charity donation, the serious phenomenon of charity organization "administration", and the lack of public trust of charity organization. In view of the above problems, the author analyzes the representative philanthropy models of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Singapore, and summarizes their experiences. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions from the government's political, economic, cultural and social service perspectives. Political policy determines the external environment for the development of philanthropy, economic taxation is the material incentive weapon of philanthropy, culture is the centripetal force and cohesion of Chinese philanthropy, and social service is an important heading for the development of philanthropy. Although there is still not a small gap between our current charity level and our expectations, we believe that through the exploration and reform of the functions of the government, China's philanthropic level will achieve a qualitative leap in the future and be truly realized by the people. Use it for the benefit of the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9

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本文編號(hào)：2047898