本文選題：地方政協(xié) + 公共決策　； 參考：《云南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：人民政協(xié)是我國公共決策體制中體現(xiàn)公民有序參與公共決策的一個重要制度和程序設(shè)計。政府公共部門在平衡社會各個利益群體方面,人民政協(xié)作為協(xié)調(diào)社會利益主體的部門頻繁活躍在中國民主政治進程中,在社會矛盾日益突出的情形下,地方政協(xié)在這樣的環(huán)境中發(fā)揮著其獨特地優(yōu)勢,地方政協(xié)參與公共決策也成為地方政府為處理地方性公共社會事務(wù)的重要方式。人民政協(xié)通過充分的履行政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督和參政議政的職能,對于發(fā)展社會主義民主政治、改善和加強中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),改進和支持政府的工作,實現(xiàn)重大決策的民主化、科學(xué)化、法制化等方面,有著其他任何政治組織所沒有的獨特優(yōu)勢�；谀壳拔覈鐣Y(jié)構(gòu)和價值觀念多樣化發(fā)展的態(tài)勢,必然要求地方政協(xié)參與公共決策過程與社會主義和諧社會的民主政治相適應(yīng),尤其是在2006年中央出臺了《關(guān)于加強人民政協(xié)工作的實施意見》以來,地方政府先后出臺了相應(yīng)的實施意見,以多種方式對如何發(fā)揮好人民政協(xié)的職能開展有效路徑探索。 在當(dāng)代社會中,公共決策以政府公共部門開展公共治理和提供公共服務(wù)為核心,公共決策治理體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)前公共政府部門的執(zhí)政能力,其內(nèi)在的價值在于民主科學(xué)、公平正義、經(jīng)濟效率和以人為本。公共決策具有區(qū)域性和復(fù)雜性特征,地方政府公共部門以地方性公共事務(wù)為主要決策對象。在公共決策的執(zhí)行過程中,公共政策網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的相關(guān)利益主體,為了克服有限理性、化解利益沖突、實現(xiàn)參與權(quán)力、促進利益和諧,地方政協(xié)在以政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督、參政議政的參與公共決策的過程中,進行公開的、面對面的協(xié)商、對話,在參與過程中實現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)委員的民主素養(yǎng)、整合多元化的界別結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)揮地方政協(xié)作用促進公共決策的科學(xué)性、提升公共決策的公開性、賦予公共決策的合法性的實踐價值。 在公共決策過程中,地方政府公共部門借助了地方政協(xié)這個平臺,發(fā)揮政協(xié)委員具有的廣泛性和包容性作用,對涉及地方經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重大公共決策,以上傳下達的的方式,拓寬社會各界和利益主體的訴求表達渠道,發(fā)揮了地方政協(xié)的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系、解決社會矛盾和整合各階層利益訴求的作用,以合作共事和履行三項職能為參與的基本依據(jù),達到既保證公共治理的效率和效益,以政協(xié)為平臺促進了公民的有序政治參與,實現(xiàn)“決策—實施—再決策”的可持續(xù)性。地方公共決策主要以決策前的政治協(xié)商、決策中的參政議政、決策后的民主監(jiān)督的途徑來實現(xiàn)其有效性。在參與公共決策中要求明確圍繞國家和地方的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化和社會為主要參與的范圍,以專題協(xié)商會、提交提案、反映社情民意、參加專題調(diào)研視察、座談會為主要方式,按照議題選擇、組成執(zhí)行委員會、協(xié)商前的調(diào)研、召開專題協(xié)商會、達成公共協(xié)商共識為主要程序來實現(xiàn)地方政協(xié)的有效參與。 在地方政協(xié)參與公共決策實踐過程中,以昆明市政協(xié)為例,通過積極履行政治協(xié)商職能推進公共決策科學(xué)化,采取多種形式推進民主監(jiān)督對公共決策有效性,充分關(guān)注重點難點積極參政議政提升公共決策水平的實踐,看到地方政協(xié)參與公共決策面臨著許多問題。從昆明市政協(xié)的實踐來看,政治協(xié)商制度取得了較大的發(fā)展和進步,但是也應(yīng)該看到地方政協(xié)仍然面臨著在政治協(xié)商方面存在制度不健全、公共協(xié)商意識薄弱、協(xié)商民主不民主；在民主監(jiān)督方面存在監(jiān)督意識不強、制度不健全、程序不完善；參政議政封面存在界別設(shè)置不合理、參與機制不健全、參政議政能力不強等方面的問題。由此,針對地方政協(xié)參與公共決策的過程中面臨的問題,提出了要完善地方政協(xié)參與公共決策的機制,加強地方政協(xié)的自身建設(shè),提高地方政協(xié)的履職能力,設(shè)置明晰的委員界別范圍,重視發(fā)展好黨派、團體參政議政的重要作用,搭建委員參與公共決策的有效平臺,建立健全委員工作機制,提高政協(xié)委員的履職能力,發(fā)揮專門委員會的基礎(chǔ)性作用,以此實現(xiàn)提升地方政協(xié)參與公共決策的有效性路徑。地方政協(xié)參與公共決策的有效路徑探索,將成為今后中國民主政治建設(shè)過程中一個重要的內(nèi)容,還需要在不斷的實踐過程中做出分析和探索有效性。
[Abstract]:The people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is an important system and program designed to reflect the orderly participation of citizens in public decision-making in the public decision-making system. The public sector of the government is active in the process of China's democratic politics, and the social contradictions are becoming increasingly prominent in the process of balancing the interests of the society. Under the circumstances, the Local Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) plays its unique advantage in such a environment. The Local Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) participates in public decision-making as an important way for local government to deal with local public social affairs. The CPPCC is able to develop socialist democracy by fully performing political consultations, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. The leadership of the Communist Party of China, the strengthening of the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the improvement and support of the government's work, and the realization of the democratization, scientification and legalization of major decisions have the unique advantages of any other political organization. Based on the present situation of the diversified development of the social structure and values of our country, the local political consultative conference must be required to participate in public decision-making. In accordance with the democratic politics of a socialist harmonious society, especially in 2006, the central government promulgated the implementation opinions on strengthening the work of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). The local government has promulgated corresponding suggestions on how to develop the effective path of the functions of the CPPCC in many ways.
In contemporary society, public decision-making is the core of public governance and public service in public sector of the government. Public decision-making governance embodies the ruling ability of the current public government departments. Its intrinsic value lies in democratic science, fairness and justice, economic efficiency and human oriented. Public decision-making has regional and complex characteristics, and the public decision-making has the characteristics of regional and complexity. The government public sector takes local public affairs as the main decision object. In the course of the implementation of the public policy, the stakeholders in the public policy network, in order to overcome the limited rationality, dissolve the conflicts of interest, realize the participation power and promote the harmony of the interests. The CPPCC participates in the public decision by political consultation, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. In the course of the policy, public, face-to-face consultation, dialogue, in the process of participation, to realize the democratic quality of training members, integrate the pluralistic structure of the boundary, play the role of the local political consultative conference to promote the scientific nature of public decision-making, enhance the publicity of public decision-making, and give the practical value of the legitimacy of public decision-making.
In the process of public decision-making, the local government public sector, with the help of the platform of the local political consultative conference, exerts the broad and inclusive role of the members of the CPPCC, and plays the local political consultative conference with the way of uploading the major public decisions involving local economic and social development, and broadening the appeals of all walks of life and the interests of the interests of the interests of the interests of the local people. The coordination relationship, the solution of social contradictions and the integration of the role of the interests of all strata, the basic basis for the cooperation and the performance of the three functions as the basic basis, to achieve the efficiency and benefit of ensuring public governance, and to promote the orderly political participation of the citizens with the political Consultative Conference as a platform, and to realize the sustainability of the "decision making implementation and decision making". Public decision-making is mainly based on political consultation before decision-making, participation in political participation in decision-making, and the way of democratic supervision after decision-making to achieve its effectiveness. In the participation of public decision-making, the political, economic, cultural and social participation of the country and local areas should be clearly defined, with special consultations, proposals, public opinion, participation and participation. Special research inspection, symposium for the main way, according to the choice of issues, the composition of the Executive Committee, pre consultation research, the convening of special consultations, the consensus of the public consultation as the main procedure to achieve the effective participation of the local political consultative conference.
In the process of participating in the practice of public decision-making, the CPPCC takes the Kunming Municipal Political Consultative Conference as an example. Through the active implementation of the political consultative function, the CPPCC promotes the scientific decision of public decision-making, takes various forms to promote the effectiveness of the democratic supervision to the public decision-making, and pays full attention to the practice of promoting the level of public decision-making by the active participation of the key and difficult points in the government and the government, and the participation of the local political consultative conference. Public decision-making faces many problems. From the practice of the Kunming Municipal Political Consultative Conference, the political consultative system has made great progress and progress, but it should also be seen that the local political consultative conference still faces the unsound system in the political consultation, the weak public consultation consciousness, the non democracy of the consultation of the people, and the supervision consciousness of democratic supervision. It is not strong, the system is not perfect, the procedure is not perfect; the cover of the political and political participation is not reasonable, the participation mechanism is not perfect, and the political and political ability of the government is not strong. Therefore, in view of the problems faced by the local political consultative conference in the process of public decision-making, it is proposed to improve the mechanism of the local political consultative conference to participate in public decision-making, and to strengthen the local political consultative conference. Self construction, improve the performance of the local political consultative conference, set clear members of the committee, attach importance to the important role of developing parties and participating in political and political affairs, building an effective platform for members to participate in public decision-making, establishing and improving the working mechanism of members, improving the performance of the members of the CPPCC members, and giving full play to the basic role of the special committee. The effective path to promote the participation of the local political consultative conference in public decision-making, the exploration of the effective path of the local political consultative conference to participate in public decision-making will become an important content in the process of the construction of China's democratic politics in the future, and it also needs to be analyzed and explored in the process of continuous practice.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D628

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