發(fā)布時間：2018-05-08 12:40

  本文選題：對外直接投資 + 政治風險　； 參考：《復旦大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略以來,隨著經濟的快速發(fā)展和綜合國力的提升,中國對美國的直接投資呈現(xiàn)迅猛增長的態(tài)勢。然而,中國投資美國也面臨著較高的政治風險。政治風險研究是對政治風險表現(xiàn)和影響因素的綜合分析,本文首先總結了前人對政治風險的研究成果,并針對當今國際政治經濟形勢的發(fā)展特點,建立了一個政治風險的新分析框架。結合中國對美國直接投資的案例,借鑒前人對政治風險研究的既有成果和運用新分析框架對中國在美國投資的政治風險進行分析。中國在美國直接投資的政治風險主要有四類：國家安全審查風險、技術轉移限制風險、投資保護主義風險、經濟民族主義和社會不穩(wěn)風險。中國投資美國面臨政治風險的原因包括：國際體系層面,中美兩國的結構性矛盾日益突出,特別是中美在生產結構中的競爭性質,主要表現(xiàn)為中美在全球能源市場的競爭格局；國家行為體層面,包括美國國內政治因素和經濟因素的影響,美國政府的政治決策易受國會政治和利益集團的影響,導致對涉及國內同類領域外來投資的保護主義風險加大,國家安全審查也將趨于嚴格；美國國內經濟復蘇乏力導致國內保護主義進一步抬頭、引發(fā)經濟民族主義的高漲和社會不安定因素的增加；國家互動層面,中美兩國對國家與市場關系的認知差異和中美經貿摩擦的擴大是形成我國對美國直接投資面臨投資保護主義風險、技術轉移限制風險和對國有企業(yè)的安全審查風險的重要原因。分析表明美國政治風險對我國投資美國的重點項目造成了嚴重負面影響,在國際、國內和國家互動三個層面的影響下,中國投資美國未來還將面臨這些風險。文章認為,中國在美國直接投資政治風險的根源是由于我國國家主導型經濟發(fā)展模式不同于西方自由市場資本主義發(fā)展模式,美國擔憂中國企業(yè),尤其是中國國有企業(yè)走出去會對美國的自由市場經濟原則構成挑戰(zhàn),并進一步對美國掌控國際政治經濟秩序主導權構成威脅,因此,美國為維護現(xiàn)有國際政治經濟秩序主導權而對中國對美直接投資進行遏制。值得指出的是,中國對美國直接投資的政治風險背后凸顯了我國體制和經濟發(fā)展的固有弊病。海外投資對于促進我國企業(yè)內部改革、改進公司治理結構以及打造具備全球運營能力的跨國公司具有巨大的推動作用,因此對中國投資美國政治風險的研究在某種程度上為我國深化市場經濟體制的改革,培育真正的跨國公司和提升我國的國際競爭力提供了一個契機。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the "going out" strategy, with the rapid development of economy and the promotion of comprehensive national strength, China's direct investment in the United States has shown a rapid growth trend. However, China's investment in the United States also faces a higher political risk. The study of political risk is a comprehensive analysis of the expression of political risk and the influencing factors. This paper first summarizes the previous research results on political risk, and aims at the development characteristics of the current international political and economic situation. A new analytical framework for political risks has been established. Combined with the case of China's direct investment in the United States, this paper analyzes the political risk of China's investment in the United States by referring to the existing achievements of the previous researches on political risk and using the new analytical framework to analyze the political risks of China's investment in the United States. There are four kinds of political risks for China's direct investment in the United States: national security review risk, technology transfer restriction risk, investment protectionism risk, economic nationalism risk and social instability risk. The reasons why China invests in the United States face political risks include: at the level of international system, the structural contradictions between China and the United States are becoming increasingly prominent, especially the competitive nature of China and the United States in the production structure, which is mainly manifested in the competitive pattern of China and the United States in the global energy market; At the level of national actors, including domestic political and economic factors in the United States, political decisions of the United States Government are vulnerable to Congressional political and interest groups, resulting in increased protectionist risks to foreign investment in similar areas of the country, The national security review will also become more stringent; the weak domestic economic recovery in the United States will lead to a further rise in domestic protectionism, which will lead to the upsurge of economic nationalism and an increase in social unrest; and the level of national interaction. The cognitive differences between China and the United States on the relationship between the state and the market and the expansion of Sino-US economic and trade frictions are the important reasons for China's direct investment in the United States to face the risk of investment protectionism, the risk of technology transfer restrictions and the risk of security review of state-owned enterprises. The analysis shows that the political risk of the United States has a serious negative impact on China's investment in key projects in the United States. Under the influence of international, domestic and national interaction, China's investment in the United States will also face these risks in the future. The article holds that the political risk of China's direct investment in the United States is rooted in the fact that China's state-led economic development model is different from that of western free-market capitalism, and the United States is worried about Chinese enterprises. In particular, the fact that Chinese state-owned enterprises go out will challenge the principles of the free market economy in the United States and further threaten the dominance of the international political and economic order by the United States. In order to maintain the dominant power of the existing international political and economic order, the United States curbs China's direct investment in the United States. It is worth pointing out that the political risk of China's direct investment in the United States highlights the inherent drawbacks of China's system and economic development. Overseas investment plays an important role in promoting the internal reform of Chinese enterprises, improving the corporate governance structure and building multinational corporations with global operational capabilities. Therefore, the study on the political risk of Chinese investment in the United States provides an opportunity for our country to deepen the reform of the market economy system, cultivate the real multinational corporations and enhance the international competitiveness of our country to a certain extent.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F125;F171.2

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本文編號：1861444