本文選題：引語(yǔ)　切入點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)用功能　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：引語(yǔ),作為一種常見的寫作方式,指引自其他書籍或文章的語(yǔ)句或段落,其使用在各類寫作尤其是新聞報(bào)道、致辭類文章中較為常見,而引語(yǔ)的文本功能則因作者的語(yǔ)用意圖而定。引經(jīng)據(jù)典,對(duì)作者來說可以是信手拈來,但對(duì)譯者來說,卻是一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。譯者不僅要傳達(dá)引語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容,更要恰當(dāng)?shù)伢w現(xiàn)原作者引用的語(yǔ)用目的。引語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)用目的,是語(yǔ)篇作者為了保持自己作品的連貫性,借此達(dá)到諷刺,勸導(dǎo),逗趣等目的的一個(gè)操作過程。作者的引用目的也往往分為很多層次,從言語(yǔ)交際層面,作者或是引經(jīng)據(jù)典來支持自己的觀點(diǎn),給讀者留下深刻印象；或是有意違反語(yǔ)言常規(guī)、正話反說來諷刺世事,引起讀者的共鳴；或是為了敏感話題不便說出自己的立場(chǎng),借引用讓自己“隱身”。引用語(yǔ)的使用甚至能為我們?nèi)〉靡庀氩坏降恼�、�?jīng)濟(jì)和外交目的。從語(yǔ)用學(xué)角度來看,引語(yǔ)不僅承載著傳遞原文信息的功能,有些引語(yǔ)還具有獨(dú)特的文化或?qū)徝拦δ堋ＲZ(yǔ)翻譯的目的主要體現(xiàn)在使目的語(yǔ)受眾對(duì)相關(guān)引語(yǔ)譯文有語(yǔ)用功能等效上的理解與接受。在翻譯過程中,如果對(duì)雙語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文化知識(shí)沒有很好的掌握,或?qū)@些引語(yǔ)的功能沒有給予足夠的重視,就很難實(shí)現(xiàn)原文和譯文的語(yǔ)用功能對(duì)等。 在本翻譯評(píng)注中,作者首先就語(yǔ)用翻譯理論進(jìn)行了回顧。從代表人物、中心思想、主要學(xué)術(shù)作品和明確定義等方面進(jìn)行了論述。語(yǔ)用學(xué)是推斷語(yǔ)言在語(yǔ)境中意義的學(xué)問,語(yǔ)用學(xué)的翻譯觀可以說是一種等效翻譯理論。語(yǔ)用翻譯通過兩種語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比,分別研究語(yǔ)用語(yǔ)言等效和社交語(yǔ)用等效的問題。在翻譯過程中,譯者或是順從讀者的文化習(xí)慣,打破原文的束縛,變洋為土；或是以強(qiáng)調(diào)原文精髓為目的,力求保留原文的風(fēng)格和文化,為讀者增長(zhǎng)見識(shí)。在翻譯實(shí)踐中,很難明確區(qū)分語(yǔ)用語(yǔ)言和社交語(yǔ)用這兩種等效,因此,我們大可不必拘泥于求得哪種等效,只需在考慮原著的“語(yǔ)用用意”的基礎(chǔ)上,兼顧從社會(huì)、文化交際的角度去思索目的語(yǔ)的使用。 其次,作者也就國(guó)內(nèi)的引語(yǔ)翻譯研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。長(zhǎng)期以來,在語(yǔ)篇翻譯過程中,引語(yǔ)常常因其所占篇幅小,相對(duì)零散而未受到翻譯實(shí)踐與理論研究的充分關(guān)注。本文作者在收集材料的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)內(nèi)引語(yǔ)翻譯研究多聚焦在中國(guó)古典文學(xué)的英譯上,編纂的相關(guān)工具書也多為漢譯英詞典,提出的很多翻譯方法諸如“形式保留和形式轉(zhuǎn)換”、“形式對(duì)應(yīng)和形式變通”、“歸化與異化”等也比較籠統(tǒng),并且并未自成體系。因此,筆者認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)引語(yǔ)的漢譯問題是一個(gè)很有意義的研究方向。 本次翻譯實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目的源語(yǔ)語(yǔ)篇節(jié)選自《莎士比亞戲劇中的食物——早期現(xiàn)代食物和戲劇》一書中的第二章。文章是一篇說明文,其最大的寫作特色在于書中使用了為數(shù)眾多的古書引語(yǔ)、藥典引語(yǔ)和莎士比亞戲劇的穿插引用。由于語(yǔ)言文化背景的差異,文中引語(yǔ)的處理成為該書翻譯過程中的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。在翻譯過程中,單純采用直譯的方式只能傳遞引語(yǔ)的字面信息,卻無(wú)法傳遞原文的文化內(nèi)涵,克服其中的文化異質(zhì)性,甚至?xí)o讀者帶來困惑。引語(yǔ)作為一種話語(yǔ)方式,作者自然有其語(yǔ)用深意。因此,引語(yǔ)翻譯的語(yǔ)用策略值得探究。 本論文從Food of Shakespeare—Early Modern Dietaries and the Play一書中引語(yǔ)翻譯的具體實(shí)踐出發(fā),以引語(yǔ)的引用形式和內(nèi)容角度為依據(jù),將原文中的引語(yǔ)劃分為五類,并對(duì)這五種引語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)用目的進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)出引語(yǔ)信息傳遞、文化載體和藝術(shù)審美三大基本功能并進(jìn)行了具體闡釋。最后,以語(yǔ)用翻譯理論為指導(dǎo),探討了不同類別引語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)用翻譯策略,針對(duì)信息傳遞功能提出直譯和編譯兩種方法,針對(duì)文化載體功能提出直譯加注釋和意譯兩種方法,針對(duì)藝術(shù)審美功能提出意譯和借用兩種方法。本文作者認(rèn)為,引語(yǔ)的使用有其特定的語(yǔ)用功能,對(duì)于不同語(yǔ)用功能的引語(yǔ),譯者應(yīng)分別采取不同的翻譯策略,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)最大程度上的語(yǔ)用等效。
[Abstract]:Speech, as a common way of writing, guide books or articles from other sentences or paragraphs, especially its use in all kinds of writing news reports, articles in common speech, speech and text function for the purpose of author's pragmatic and. The author is cited can come in handy, but for the translator it is a severe test. The translator should not only convey the specific content of the speech, but also to properly reflect the pragmatic purpose of the original author cited. Pragmatic purpose of speech discourse, is the author in order to maintain their works to achieve coherence, irony, persuasion, a process to the reference purpose. Funny the author is often divided into many levels, from the communicative aspect, author or classics to support their own ideas, impress the readers; or is intended to break the conventional language, litotes The irony, resonate with readers; or to their position sensitive topics inconvenient, by introducing yourself "stealth". The quotation and can obtain the unexpected political for us, economic and diplomatic purposes. From the perspective of pragmatics, speech not only carries convey information function, some quotations also has a unique cultural or aesthetic functions. The purpose of speech translation is mainly reflected in the target audience of speech translation has pragmatic functions of equivalent understanding and acceptance. In the process of translation, if the bilingual language knowledge is not very good grasp of the function of speech, or have not paid enough attention to it is very difficult to realize the pragmatic function of the original and the translation equivalence.
In the translation of the commentary, the author firstly reviews the theories of pragmatic translation. From the representative, the central idea, the main academic works and clearly defined areas were discussed. The pragmatic inference is the significance of language in the context of knowledge, a pragmatic view of translation can be said to be a kind of equivalent translation theory pragmatic translation through. The comparison of the two languages, respectively study the pragmatic equivalence of language and sociality. The problems in the process of translation, the translator is the reader or obedience culture, breaking the original bound variable ocean soil; or to emphasize the original essence for the purpose, and strive to maintain the original style and culture, experience for readers growth. In translation practice, it is difficult to make a clear distinction between pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic equivalent of the two, so we are not constrained to obtain what kind of equivalent, only need to consider the original "pragmatic" on the basis of, Consider the use of the target language from the perspective of social and cultural communication.
Secondly, the author also study status quo of speech translation in domestic are summarized. For a long time, in the process of discourse translation, speech often because of their space is small, relatively fragmented and has not been fully focus on the theory and practice of translation studies. The author finds that in the process of collecting materials, the domestic research of multi focus speech translation in the translation of Chinese classical literature, related books compiled mostly for C-E dictionary translation, many methods such as the proposed "conversion" and "preserved in the form of form, form and form the corresponding alternative", "domestication and Foreignization" is too general, and not self system. Therefore, the author thinks that the translation of English speech is a very meaningful research direction.
This translation project source text excerpts from "in Shakespeare's food, the second chapter of modern food and drama" a book in early. It is proved that, the biggest feature is the use of writing the book as a number of ancient books, speech, speech and drama Shakespeare Pharmacopoeia quotes. Because of differences in language and culture background, the speech has become one of the key and difficult books in the process of translation. In the translation process, the only way to transfer the literal literal speech information, but can not convey the cultural connotation, overcome the cultural heterogeneity of them, even will bring readers confused. Speech as a discourse, the author has its pragmatic meaning. Therefore, the pragmatic strategies of speech translation are worth exploring.
This paper from the concrete practice of Food of Shakespeare Early Modern Dietaries and "the Play a Book Translation of the reference angle with a quotation form and content as the basis, the text of the speech is divided into five categories, and pragmatic purpose of the five kinds of speech analysis, speech summed up the transmission of information, culture carrier art and aesthetic three basic functions and gives specific explanations. Finally, in pragmatic translation theory, discusses the pragmatic translation strategies of different categories of speech, according to the information transmission function put forward two methods of literal translation and free translation, according to the function of cultural carrier put forward two methods of literal translation plus annotation and translation, the aesthetic function and puts forward two methods of translation and borrowing. The author believes that the use of quotation has its specific pragmatic functions for different pragmatic functions of the speech, the translator should adopt different translation respectively. Strategies can achieve the maximum pragmatic equivalence.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王丹;阮紅梅;;看辜鴻銘《論語(yǔ)》英譯中譯者的隱身——漢文化“外譯”還是“外化”[J];長(zhǎng)沙鐵道學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2012年03期

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本文編號(hào)：1681001