本文選題：競(jìng)技公開水域游泳　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀　出處：《福建師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳的開展比較晚。我國(guó)2006年有了第一支正式的公開水域游泳隊(duì)伍,2007年首次參加了在墨爾本舉行的游泳世界錦標(biāo)賽中的公開水域游泳賽。在短短的幾年間,我國(guó)在這一項(xiàng)目上取得了快速的發(fā)展,但國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)于競(jìng)技公開水域游泳的研究比較少。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、比較分析法對(duì)我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳進(jìn)行了全面的調(diào)查,主要闡述了歷史與現(xiàn)狀,重點(diǎn)分析了我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳具有的優(yōu)勢(shì)、存在的問題以及發(fā)展的策略。本文得出以下結(jié)論： 1.我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳的發(fā)展可以劃分為三個(gè)階段：積累階段(1950-1997),過渡階段(1998-2005),快速發(fā)展階段(2006年至今)。 2.我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳的水平近年來有了較大的提高,與國(guó)外頂尖水平國(guó)家的差距逐漸縮小。男子項(xiàng)目差距還較大,女子項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)具備沖擊獎(jiǎng)牌的能力。 3.影響我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳發(fā)展的大類影響因素包括政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境因素、社會(huì)環(huán)境因素、管理制度因素、競(jìng)賽制度因素、后勤保障因素、教練員因素、運(yùn)動(dòng)員因素、訓(xùn)練因素。 4.我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳的優(yōu)勢(shì)因素主要有群眾基礎(chǔ)好,舉國(guó)體制強(qiáng)有力的保障,后備人才充足,地方承辦比賽積極性高,運(yùn)動(dòng)水平基礎(chǔ)比較高等5個(gè)方面。 5.我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳存在的問題主要有競(jìng)賽形式單一、競(jìng)賽次數(shù)少,后備人才充足、但選材不易,管理制度不完善,市場(chǎng)化不足,缺少適宜的訓(xùn)練場(chǎng)地,運(yùn)動(dòng)員缺乏大賽的經(jīng)歷,運(yùn)動(dòng)員缺少內(nèi)在動(dòng)力,教練員缺少執(zhí)教經(jīng)驗(yàn),科研保障不足等9個(gè)方面。競(jìng)賽形式單一、獎(jiǎng)牌數(shù)少、比賽的次數(shù)少,是造成我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員缺少大賽經(jīng)驗(yàn)、缺少訓(xùn)練動(dòng)力的重要原因,是制約我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳發(fā)展最突出的問題。 6.我國(guó)競(jìng)技公開水域游泳發(fā)展的策略主要有適當(dāng)增加比賽次數(shù)與比賽形式,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步重視,加大市場(chǎng)化的力度、促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的發(fā)展,變多頭管理為專一管理、提高管理效率,完善獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)機(jī)制,擴(kuò)大教練員內(nèi)外交流,建設(shè)訓(xùn)練基地,大賽設(shè)置團(tuán)體項(xiàng)目,加大科研保障力度等9個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:In 2006, China had its first official open water swimming team, and in 2007 it first participated in the open water swimming competition in the swimming world championships held in Melbourne. In a few short years, China has made rapid development in this project, but there are few researches on competitive open water swimming in China. This paper adopts the methods of literature, expert interview, questionnaire, mathematical statistics, etc. The comparative analysis method has carried on the comprehensive investigation to our country athletics open water swimming, mainly elaborated the history and the present situation, emphatically analyzed our country athletics open water swimming has the superiority. This paper draws the following conclusions:. 1. The development of competitive open water swimming in China can be divided into three stages: accumulation stage (1950-1997), transition stage (1998-2005) and rapid development stage (2006 to present). 2.The level of competitive open water swimming in China has been greatly improved in recent years, and the gap with the top level countries in foreign countries has gradually narrowed. 3. The factors affecting the development of swimming in competitive open waters include political and economic environment, social environment, management system, competition system, logistics support, coaches and athletes. Training factors. 4. The dominant factors of competitive open water swimming in our country mainly include five aspects: good mass foundation, strong guarantee of national system, sufficient reserve talents, high enthusiasm of local competition, and high level of sports. 5. The main problems of swimming in competitive open waters in our country include the single form of competition, the small number of competitions, the sufficient reserve talents, but the selection of talents is not easy, the management system is not perfect, the market is insufficient, and there is a lack of suitable training ground. Athletes lack the experience of competition, athletes lack internal motivation, coaches lack experience in teaching, lack of scientific research protection, etc. The lack of competition form, the number of medals, the number of games is less, which is the result of the lack of experience of our country's athletes. The important reason of lack of training power is the most prominent problem that restricts the development of swimming in competitive open waters. 6. The main strategies for the development of competitive open water swimming in China are to increase the number of competitions and the form of competitions, to increase the attention of the leaders, to strengthen the marketization, to promote the development of the industrial chain, to change the long management into the exclusive management, and to improve the management efficiency. It is necessary to perfect the reward mechanism, expand the internal and external communication of coaches, build training bases, set up group projects in big competitions, and increase the strength of scientific research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G861.1

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