本文關(guān)鍵詞： 民國 西安 回族教育　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：清末民初,是我國社會(huì)發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)型的時(shí)期,傳統(tǒng)的社會(huì)體制及人們的思想觀念受到了前所未有的沖擊。面對國家內(nèi)憂外患的局面,中國社會(huì)的民族意識(shí)開始覺醒,社會(huì)各界的知識(shí)分子和有識(shí)之士開始尋找救國救民的道路。中國自古以來就是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國家,回族是這個(gè)大家庭中的一員,在這樣的背景下,振興民族、發(fā)揚(yáng)宗教、全力推動(dòng)回族社會(huì)的近代化進(jìn)程,成了這一時(shí)期回族先進(jìn)知識(shí)分子的共同愿望。本文以西安地區(qū)的回族為例,重點(diǎn)探討民國時(shí)期西安回族新式教育的發(fā)展情況。 第一部分,介紹民國前主要是清末民初西安地區(qū)的回族教育情況。西安是伊斯蘭教最早傳入的地區(qū),自著名的經(jīng)學(xué)大師胡登洲首創(chuàng)經(jīng)堂教育以來,西安就成了全國經(jīng)堂教育和伊斯蘭學(xué)術(shù)文化研究的中心。明清時(shí)期,西安回族教育主要以私塾教育、經(jīng)堂教育和義塾教育為主,這種教育方式曾培養(yǎng)出了許多優(yōu)秀的人才。陜西回民起義失敗后,經(jīng)堂教育的中心隨之轉(zhuǎn)移,西安地區(qū)的回族教育開始逐漸衰落,至民國初年,回族教育才有所復(fù)蘇。 第二部分,這部分是本論文的重點(diǎn)部分,主要介紹和分析民國時(shí)期西安地區(qū)回族新式教育的發(fā)展情況。從回族新式教育興起的背景、學(xué)校教育、社會(huì)文化教育及西安回族教育界的幾個(gè)人物幾方面分析和介紹。在新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響下,西安的回族新式教育緊跟全國回族新式教育發(fā)展的浪潮,總體來說,民國時(shí)期西安回族教育發(fā)展較為緩慢,但它的發(fā)展為后來西安回族教育的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分,總結(jié)民國時(shí)期西安回族教育發(fā)展的特點(diǎn),分析影響西安回族教育發(fā)展的原因,并對發(fā)展當(dāng)代回族教育提出了建議。教育是一種社會(huì)活動(dòng),教育的發(fā)展與一個(gè)社會(huì)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化有密切的關(guān)系,在教育的發(fā)展過程中,經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對教育的發(fā)展有一定的影響。發(fā)展回族教育,必須認(rèn)識(shí)到回族教育的特殊性,轉(zhuǎn)變教育觀念,有計(jì)劃的培養(yǎng)民族師資。 文章的最后一部分是結(jié)語,對前三個(gè)部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了全面地總結(jié),指出研究民國時(shí)期西安回族教育對當(dāng)代發(fā)展民族教育的重要意義。
[Abstract]:At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the traditional social system and people's ideology were under unprecedented impact. In the face of the internal and external troubles of the country, the national consciousness of the Chinese society began to awaken. Intellectuals and people of insight from all walks of life began to look for a way to save the nation and save the people. China has been a unified multi-ethnic country since ancient times and the Hui nationality is a member of this big family under such a background. Revitalizing the nation, carrying forward religion and promoting the modernization of the Hui society have become the common aspiration of the advanced intellectuals of Hui nationality in this period. This paper takes the Hui nationality in Xi'an area as an example. Focus on the development of Xi'an Hui new education during the Republic of China. The first part introduces the education of Hui nationality in Xi'an area before the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. Xi'an is the earliest area where Islam was introduced, since Hu Dengzhou, the famous master of Confucian classics, first founded the education of Confucian classics. Xi'an became the center of education and Islamic academic and cultural research in the whole country. In Ming and Qing dynasties, the education of Hui nationality in Xi'an mainly consisted of private school education, Jingtang education and Yi Shuk education. After the defeat of Shaanxi Hui uprising, the center of Jingtang education shifted, and the Hui education in Xi'an began to decline gradually, until the beginning of the Republic of China. The education of the Hui nationality is only reviving. The second part, this part is the key part of this paper, mainly introduces and analyzes the development of the new education of Hui nationality in Xi'an during the period of the Republic of China, from the background of the rise of the new education of Hui nationality, the school education. Under the influence of the New Culture Movement, the new education of the Hui nationality in Xi'an followed the tide of the development of the new education of the Hui nationality in the whole country. Xi'an Hui education developed slowly in the period of the Republic of China, but its development laid a foundation for the later development of Xi'an Hui education. The third part summarizes the characteristics of the development of Hui education in Xi'an during the Republic of China, analyzes the reasons that affect the development of Hui education in Xi'an, and puts forward some suggestions for the development of contemporary Hui education. Education is a kind of social activity. The development of education is closely related to the politics, economy and culture of a society. In the course of the development of education, economic factors have a certain influence on the development of education. We must recognize the particularity of Hui education, change educational concept and train ethnic teachers in a planned way. The last part of the article is the conclusion, which summarizes the contents of the first three parts and points out the significance of studying the Hui nationality education in Xi'an in the period of the Republic of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G759.2

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