本文關鍵詞： 警察權 武器使用 使用困境 警察權益　出處：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著我們國家改革開放的進一步深化,我國國內各階層的社會流動和文化交流越發(fā)的頻繁,并且也越來越受到西方思想文化的影響。國家在社會政治、經濟和文化方面正經歷著深刻的變革。在社會轉型的過程中,就極易產生一些不和諧的因素,特別是由于社會流動增加和思想文化改變所帶來的社會治安問題越發(fā)的嚴重。近幾年,國內也了相繼出現了一些暴恐案件,比如:“3.01昆明火車站事件”、13年的“金水橋事件”、09年“烏魯木齊打砸搶事件”等等,社會公眾對警察開槍使用武器這些事件也都不再感到陌生,關注度也越來越高。而警察之所以能夠合法的使用武器主要是因為法律賦予了警察武器使用權。警察的武器使用權是警察權的重要組成部分,它的合法使用一方面有助于警察實現法律賦予的職責——維護好公共安全和公民合法的人身財產安全;另一方面也能夠保護好警察自身的安全。警察權屬于行政權的一種,本身就具有一定的膨脹性和寬闊的自由裁量性。武器本身也具有高傷害性,則更容易侵害公民的生命健康權,造成不可挽回的損失。因此,社會公眾則把更多的目光聚焦到了警察使用武器的合法性和規(guī)范性上,渴求在現有的武器使用制度的基礎上,制定一個科學、合理、易操作的武器使用制度。而這就需要我們謹慎的處理好警察的公權力與公民私權利之間的關系。文章通過分析近期社會上出現的警察使用武器的案例,并對武器使用制度中相關的法律規(guī)定進行梳理,指出我國目前警察在使用武器的過程中普遍存在著不敢、不會、不愿使用武器的情況,并指出這些問題的出現主要是因為規(guī)范警察武器使用的法律規(guī)定過于原則,不具有操作性。特別是《人民警察使用警械和武器條例》第九條規(guī)定的可以使用武器的情況過于籠統(tǒng),在警察處于可能使用武器那樣危險的情況下,根本不可能有時間進行詳細準確的判斷。在警察使用武器的警告程序方面前后規(guī)定也不一致。并且由于武器使用后一般會對公民的人身和財產安全產生一定的損害,這就要求我們在使用武器后要去妥善處理事后的賠償事宜。因此,文章通過介紹美、英、日三個國家的警察武器使用制度,并從文化背景、基本特點,履行職責的方式以及未來的發(fā)展趨勢這幾個方面做出了比較,以求能夠對我國的武器使用制度的完善提供一些經驗。并從法律依據的完善,完善武器使用的相關制度,建立有關配套使用機制等幾個方面,提出了完善我國警察武器使用制度的建議。并且本文除了說明要加強對于警察武器使用權的限制之外,更重要的是指出了我們要注意保護好警察自身的合法權益,比如建議我們建立心理疏導機構關注下警察自身的心理問題;建立和媒體良性溝通機制,消除公民誤解,樹立警察的執(zhí)法權威等等,以求能夠真正的完善警察的武器使用制度。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of our country's reform and opening up, the social mobility and cultural exchange among different strata of our country become more and more frequent, and are more and more influenced by western ideology and culture. Economic and cultural aspects are undergoing profound changes. In the process of social transformation, it is easy to produce some disharmonious factors. Especially due to the increase of social mobility and ideological and cultural changes brought by the social security problems are becoming more and more serious. In recent years, there have been a number of violent terrorist cases in China. For example: "3. 01 Kunming Railway Station incident", 13 years "Jinshui Bridge incident", 2009 "Urumqi smashing and looting incident" and so on. The public is no longer unfamiliar with the use of weapons by the police. The reason why the police can use weapons legally is mainly because the law gives the police the right to use weapons. The right to use weapons is an important part of the police power. On the one hand, its legal use is helpful for the police to realize the duty entrusted by law-to safeguard public safety and citizens' lawful personal and property security; On the other hand, it can also protect the security of the police itself. The police power is a kind of executive power, which has a certain expansion and broad discretion. The weapon itself is also highly harmful. Therefore, the public focus more on the legality and normality of the use of weapons by the police. Desire to develop a scientific and rational system based on the existing weapons use system. Easy to operate weapons use system. And this requires us to carefully handle the relationship between the public power of the police and the private rights of citizens. And the relevant legal provisions in the weapons use system are combed, pointing out that the current police in the use of weapons in the process of generally do not dare, will not, do not want to use weapons. It is pointed out that these problems arise mainly because the legal provisions regulating the use of police weapons are too principled. Not operational... in particular, the circumstances in which weapons may be used under article 9th of the regulations on the use of Police Ordnance and weapons by the people's Police are too general, in cases where the police are as dangerous as the possibility of the use of weapons. It is impossible to have time to make detailed and accurate judgments. There is also inconsistency in the warning procedures for the use of weapons by the police. And since the use of weapons generally results in certain damage to the personal and property safety of citizens. Damage. This requires us to properly deal with the issue of compensation after the use of weapons. Therefore, the article through the introduction of the United States, Britain, Japan, three countries of the police weapons use system, and from the cultural background, basic characteristics. In order to provide some experience for the improvement of the system of weapon use in our country, this paper makes a comparison between the ways of performing duties and the development trend in the future, and from the perfection of legal basis. Improve the relevant system of the use of weapons, the establishment of supporting use mechanism and other aspects. This paper puts forward some suggestions to perfect the system of police weapon use in our country, and in addition to explaining that we should strengthen the restriction of the right to use the police weapon. It is more important to point out that we should pay attention to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the police, such as the establishment of psychological counseling agencies under the attention of the police's own psychological problems; To establish a sound communication mechanism with the media, to eliminate misunderstandings among citizens, to establish the law enforcement authority of the police, and so on, in order to truly improve the weapon use system of the police.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.14

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 楊繼文;何冰冰;;我國警察使用槍支審查機制的構建[J];中國人民公安大學學報(社會科學版);2016年06期

2 高琴心;;警察武器使用的制度性建構與進路設計[J];中國人民公安大學學報(自然科學版);2016年04期

3 武西鋒;;論我國警察槍支使用法律制度的完善[J];中國人民公安大學學報(社會科學版);2015年03期

4 王敏;;域外警察槍支使用法律制度的啟示[J];中國人民公安大學學報(社會科學版);2015年03期

5 黃新宇;;關于警察使用武器的思考[J];中國人民公安大學學報(自然科學版);2015年02期

6 李華忠;;中國警察使用武器的法定要件及規(guī)則[J];政法學刊;2012年01期

7 張正新;;在履行職責與正當防衛(wèi)之間——對警察防衛(wèi)權的再認識[J];法學評論;2009年06期

8 張莉斌;禹竹蕊;;促進公安民警在執(zhí)法過程中規(guī)范使用槍支的對策研究[J];四川警察學院學報;2009年05期

9 高文英;;警察使用槍支的若干法律思考[J];中國人民公安大學學報(社會科學版);2009年04期

10 齊小力;;論人民警察依法使用武器[J];中國人民公安大學學報(社會科學版);2009年02期

相關重要報紙文章 前1條

1 上官丕亮;;誰有權規(guī)定警察開槍的情形[N];檢察日報;2006年

，

本文編號：1450360