本文關(guān)鍵詞：思想政治教育文化品性研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：文化滅,則精神滅;精神滅,則中華殤。文化是思想政治教育的生存根基,滲透思想政治教育的全過(guò)程。思想政治教育歷來(lái)就有“政治主導(dǎo)”的傳統(tǒng),事實(shí)上,教育是文化的一部分,思想政治教育作為一種特殊的教育實(shí)踐形式,也是一種文化現(xiàn)象。提出“文化品性”的目的是對(duì)過(guò)去思想政治教育被窄化為政治教育的突破,揭示思想政治教育諸要素與文化之間存在的關(guān)聯(lián),勾勒出思想政治教育內(nèi)在的文化屬性,由此形成一定的文化支持系統(tǒng),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)思想政治教育完整、深刻的把握�！捌沸浴笔恰捌焚|(zhì)、性格”之意。將“品性”概念特征與文化結(jié)合起來(lái),并賦予思想政治教育,目的是為了在一個(gè)文化解釋框架下來(lái)表達(dá)和解說(shuō)對(duì)思想政治教育根本問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)。思想政治教育作為人類(lèi)教育活動(dòng)中的重要內(nèi)容,其文化品性一目了然。從靜態(tài)層面來(lái)說(shuō),思想政治教育各要素都烙有文化印記。從動(dòng)態(tài)層面來(lái)說(shuō),思想政治教育過(guò)程是文化育人的過(guò)程。思想政治教育作為一種文化傳遞、文化創(chuàng)造的活動(dòng),要呈現(xiàn)人文情懷;要彰顯民族特色;要回歸生活世界;要內(nèi)蘊(yùn)以“文”“化”人的精髓。思想政治教育文化品性的意義在與其政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)品性的聯(lián)系中能得到更深刻的理解。從歷史維度梳理并分析中西方不同歷史時(shí)期文化演進(jìn)中思想政治教育的嬗變歷程,以此論證思想政治教育天生就具有文化的品質(zhì)和屬性。我國(guó)很早就提出了“關(guān)乎人文,以化成天下”的思想。從古代的儒家倫理文化到近代的“新文化”運(yùn)動(dòng)再到現(xiàn)代“推動(dòng)社會(huì)主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮”、“社會(huì)主義文化強(qiáng)國(guó)”建設(shè),隨著中國(guó)文化思想的演進(jìn),思想政治教育文化品性日益豐富,重要性也日益彰顯。西方德育文化關(guān)注文化的主體——人,關(guān)注人的精神世界和精神生產(chǎn),尊重受教育者的情感、需求、個(gè)性。同時(shí),重視文化的熏陶教化作用。這些思想理論為思想政治教育文化品性研究提供了重要的理論借鑒。反思思想政治教育實(shí)然狀態(tài),其社會(huì)地位日漸式微,效果受人詬病,對(duì)國(guó)家文化安全的維護(hù)也有些力不從心。究其原因,主要是文化品性的缺失。思想政治教育文化品性缺失背后有著深刻的原因:首先,從社會(huì)歷史發(fā)展角度剖析思想政治教育,強(qiáng)調(diào)政治品性是其一貫作風(fēng),由此遮蔽了思想政治教育的文化品性。其次,科學(xué)主義對(duì)人文主義的擠壓使思想政治教育人文本性失落,變成知識(shí)傳遞活動(dòng),與生活實(shí)際相去甚遠(yuǎn),與文化化人相去甚遠(yuǎn)。再次,思想認(rèn)識(shí)的偏差也是思想政治教育功能無(wú)法全部發(fā)揮,實(shí)際效果不佳的重要的原因。發(fā)展文化品性成為思想政治教育擺脫困境的新訴求。首先,思想政治教育目的和內(nèi)容要彰顯文化品性。思想政治教育的目的應(yīng)回歸到作為教育活動(dòng)的本真意義,即以人為目的,培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展的人、“完整的人”。強(qiáng)調(diào)文化品性的思想政治教育除了堅(jiān)持思想教育、政治教育、道德教育、心理教育、法紀(jì)教育五個(gè)方面的基本教育內(nèi)容外,還應(yīng)增加更多完善人們生活的教育內(nèi)容,如情感教育、生活教育、生命教育、幸福教育等,引導(dǎo)人們過(guò)上幸福美好的生活。其次,思想政治教育原則要體現(xiàn)文化品性。文化具有彌散性、屬人性、民族性、生活性、動(dòng)態(tài)性的品格和特征,與此相應(yīng),凸顯文化精神的思想政治教育在原則的把握上應(yīng)反對(duì)強(qiáng)迫,注重引導(dǎo);奉行潛移默化、潤(rùn)物無(wú)聲的教化方式;體現(xiàn)關(guān)注人、關(guān)懷人的情懷;重視回歸生活、體驗(yàn)生活的路徑;尊重教育對(duì)象的主體性人格等。歸結(jié)起來(lái),回歸文化品性的思想政治教育就是要遵循柔性原則、隱蔽原則、以人為本原則、回歸生活原則和民主平等原則。再次,思想政治教育方法要突出文化品性。智育要解決的是知與不知、懂與不懂的問(wèn)題,而德育更要解決信與不信、行與不行的問(wèn)題。思想政治教育不以概念、知識(shí)的掌握為目的,關(guān)切的是人的全面發(fā)展,單一灌輸?shù)慕逃椒o(wú)法滿(mǎn)足其要求,需要采用更具文化性的、科學(xué)化的、人性化的、感染力的教育方法,如對(duì)話溝通法、情景體悟法、實(shí)踐鍛煉法、潛移默化法、道德敘事法等�？傊�,思想政治教育無(wú)法脫離文化根系,是一種文化性的存在,體現(xiàn)文化的內(nèi)在精神和價(jià)值,具有先天的文化品性。
[Abstract]:The spirit of culture, is the spirit of death, and death; death. Culture is the ideological and political education survival foundation, the whole process of penetration of the ideological and political education. The ideological and political education has always been the "political leadership" tradition, in fact, education is a part of culture, ideological and political education as a special form of education in practice, but also a cultural phenomenon. This "cultural character" is the purpose of Ideological and political education in the past was narrow for political education breakthrough, reveal the relation between the elements of the ideological and political education and culture, draw the outline of the ideological and political education intrinsic cultural attributes, thus forming a certain cultural support system, thus realizing the the ideological and political education complete, profound grasp. "Nature" is "quality and character". The "character" concept and culture together, and gives the ideological and political education, the purpose is to A cultural interpretation and explanation of the fundamental framework of down expression of Ideological and political education. The ideological and political education as an important part of the educational activities of human beings, its cultural character at a glance. From the static perspective, the various elements of the ideological and political education are subject to culture. From the dynamic perspective, the process of Ideological and political education is a process of cultural education the transfer of Ideological and political education. As a kind of culture, cultural creation activities, to show human feelings; to highlight the ethnic characteristics; to return to life world; to the connotation of "text" of the people. The essence of ideological and political education cultural character and its significance in the political, economic, social character can get contact a more profound understanding. From the historical dimension carding and analysis of the ideological and political education in the history of western culture in different historical periods in the history of the development of Ideological and political education, in order to prove Yu Tiansheng We have the quality and property of culture. China had put forward the "related to the humanities, to into the world of ideas from the Confucian ethical culture in ancient times to the modern" New Culture Movement "to modern" to promote the development and prosperity of socialist culture "," the construction of socialist culture power ", with the evolution of China cultural ideology, ideological and political education cultural character is becoming richer, the importance is also increasingly apparent. Pay attention to culture and moral culture of Western subject -- people, pay attention to people's spiritual world and spiritual production, respect education needs, emotions, personality. At the same time, pay attention to the influence of the role of cultural enlightenment. These provide an important theoretical reference study on the ideological and theoretical education of cultural character of Ideological and political status of the ideological and political education. Reflection, its social status is declining, the effect of the subject of criticism, the national cultural security maintenance and some Powerless. The reason is mainly the lack of cultural character. Behind the lack of Ideological and political education cultural character has profound reasons: first, analysis of the ideological and political education from the perspective of social and historical development, emphasizing the political character is its consistent style, thus obscuring the cultural character of Ideological and political education. Secondly, scientism extrusion of humanism the ideological and political education in human nature become lost, knowledge transfer activities, and the reality of life and culture of people far far. Thirdly, the thinking and understanding of the deviation is a function of Ideological and political education to play the important reason, the actual effect is poor. The development of cultural character has become the new demands of Ideological and political education predicament. Firstly, the purpose and the the content of Ideological and political education should highlight the cultural character. The purpose of Ideological and political education should return to education as the true meaning, i.e. As for the purpose, to cultivate all-round development of people, "the whole person". Emphasizing the ideological and political education cultural quality in addition to adhere to the ideological education, political education, moral education, psychological education, basic education in five aspects of the law education, should also increase the more perfect education content of people's life, such as emotional education. Life education, life education, happiness education, and guide people to live a happy wonderfull life. Secondly, the principle of Ideological and political education should embody cultural character. Culture has diffuse, humanity, nationality, sexual life, character and dynamic characteristics, and the ideological and political education should highlight the cultural spirit of opposition forced, pay attention to guiding principles in; a subtle, silent way of education; embody the attention, concern people's feelings; pay attention to return to life, experience the life path; respect the main object of Education Personality. To sum up, the ideological and political education return cultural character is to follow the principle of flexibility, concealment principle, the principle of people-oriented, return to life the principle of democracy and equality. Thirdly, the methods of Ideological and political education should highlight the cultural character. Intellectual education to be solved is to know, understand and do not understand the problem, and moral education to believe it or not, and no problem. The ideological and political education to the concept of knowledge, for the purpose of concern is the all-round development, education methods cannot satisfy the requirements of single indoctrination, need to adopt more cultural, scientific, humane education, methods of infection, such as dialogue and communication method, situational understanding method, practice method, subtle method, moral narrative method. In short, the ideological and political education can not be separated from the cultural roots, is a kind of cultural existence, the cultural spirit and value, It has the innate character of culture.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D64

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