【摘要】：盡管在理論和實踐上都表明金融發(fā)展和收入增長存在著相互影響的關系，但不可否認的是實現(xiàn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展穩(wěn)定，關鍵在于促進增加農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入，進而通過跨期配置金融資源和分散風險來緩解預算約束。中國社會科學院農(nóng)村發(fā)展研究所發(fā)布的報告顯示，截至2012年底，中國的城市化率已達到51.27%，城鎮(zhèn)人口第一次超過了農(nóng)村人口，但是我國農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展仍大大落后于工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化的快速步伐，當下農(nóng)業(yè)的國民經(jīng)濟基礎地位仍不牢固，城市和鄉(xiāng)村割裂的二元結構矛盾仍然突出，農(nóng)村的發(fā)展仍然是中國特色新型工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化“四化”同步協(xié)調發(fā)展的重點和難點。本文將采用微觀計量方法深入研究農(nóng)戶收入結構對農(nóng)戶借貸約束的影響機理，并研究獲得信用社的貸款證對農(nóng)戶借款滿足率的影響，為優(yōu)化農(nóng)戶收入結構、緩解借貸約束提出一些“言之有物”的對策建議，這對當下的農(nóng)村金融改革具有一定的政策價值和實踐意義。 本文利用2009年“北大一花旗”中國農(nóng)村金融調查數(shù)據(jù)，基于收入結構和農(nóng)戶借貸約束的分析框架，在進行描述性統(tǒng)計基礎上，通過利用Logit模型分析不同收入結構對農(nóng)戶不同借貸約束是否有異質性影響和采用傾向得分匹配法克服樣本選擇偏誤，實證研究了獲得農(nóng)村信用社的貸款證對農(nóng)戶借貸滿足率的影響，經(jīng)過分析得出以下結論： 第一，工資性收入、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和自營工商業(yè)收入比重越高的農(nóng)戶受到的借貸約束越小；相對于生產(chǎn)性借款來說，農(nóng)戶面臨的非生產(chǎn)性借貸約束相對較高。 第二，獲得農(nóng)村信用社的貸款證能提高農(nóng)戶借款滿足率，，從而降低農(nóng)戶受到的借貸約束。 為此，一方面需要國家大力促進增加農(nóng)戶可支配收入，特別是著力提高政府補助收入和財產(chǎn)性收入等收入在農(nóng)戶家庭純收入中的比重，優(yōu)化農(nóng)戶收入結構；另一方面，進行農(nóng)村金融改革，通過增加網(wǎng)點數(shù)量等方式擴大農(nóng)村金融機構覆蓋面，增加農(nóng)戶金融產(chǎn)品和服務可及性。
[Abstract]:Although it is shown theoretically and practically that financial development and income growth are interacted, it is undeniable that the key to achieving the stability of rural economic and social development lies in promoting the increase of the per capita disposable income of rural residents. Furthermore, the budget constraints can be alleviated by the allocation of financial resources and the diversification of risks. According to a report released by the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, by the end of 2012, China's urbanization rate had reached 51.27 percent, with the urban population surpassing the rural population for the first time. However, the development of agricultural modernization in our country still lags behind the rapid pace of industrialization and urbanization, and the basic position of the national economy of agriculture is still not firm, and the contradiction between the dual structure of urban and rural areas is still prominent. The development of rural areas is still the focus and difficulty of the coordinated development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. In order to optimize the income structure of farmers, this paper will deeply study the influence mechanism of farmers' income structure on farmers' borrowing constraints by using micro-econometric method, and study the influence of obtaining credit cooperatives' loan certificates on the rate of farmers' borrowing satisfaction. This paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for easing the constraint of lending and lending, which has certain policy value and practical significance for the current rural financial reform. Based on the data of 2009 China Rural Finance Survey, based on income structure and farmers' lending constraints, this paper carries out descriptive statistics. By using Logit model to analyze the heterogeneity of different income structure on farmers' different lending constraints and to overcome the sample selection bias by using the tendency score matching method. This paper empirically studies the effect of obtaining the credit card of rural credit cooperatives on the rate of farmers' loan satisfaction, and draws the following conclusions: first, wage income, The higher proportion of agricultural production and self-employed industrial and commercial income, the smaller the lending constraints, and the higher the non-productive lending constraints compared with the productive loans. Second, obtaining the credit card of rural credit cooperatives can improve the rate of farmers' loan satisfaction, thus reducing the lending constraints to farmers. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary for the state to vigorously promote the increase of household disposable income, especially to increase the proportion of government subsidy income and property income in the household net income, and to optimize the structure of peasant household income, on the other hand, To carry out rural financial reform, expand the coverage of rural financial institutions by increasing the number of networks, and increase the accessibility of financial products and services to farmers.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F323.8;F832.43

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