美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險基金運行及改革
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-11 16:21
【摘要】：養(yǎng)老保險是一國社會保障制度中非常重要的部分。我國雖處于發(fā)展中國家的行列，但人口老齡化嚴重程度不亞于很多發(fā)達國家。尚不完善的養(yǎng)老保險制度成為制約我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和增加社會不穩(wěn)定性的主要因素，因此完善我國的養(yǎng)老保險是當前社會保障工作的重要內(nèi)容。美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險制度較其他發(fā)達國家，雖然建立較晚，但卻是目前狀態(tài)較好的；中美兩國同為社會保險型社會保障制度國家的典型代表，且在人口規(guī)模、國土面積等方面，兩國最為接近。因此本文通過分析美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險發(fā)展歷程、基金運行與制度改革，為完善我國的養(yǎng)老保險提供寶貴經(jīng)驗。 本文主要采用定性分析法及文獻研究法，通過對中英文資料和數(shù)據(jù)進行收集、分類和整理，按照以下思路進行組織和論述：首先介紹研究的選題背景與意義以及國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。然后，詳細地回顧了美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險的發(fā)展歷史，并分析其特點。同時從經(jīng)費收支、基金管理機構(gòu)和制度的不可持續(xù)性三方面，重點地分析了美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險基金運行情況。對美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險改革進行了細致的剖析，分析了改革原因；運用風險理論的視角，將美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險所面臨的風險分為短期風險與長期風險，并將改革措施劃分為漸進式和結(jié)構(gòu)式兩類。最后，通過前文的針對美國聯(lián)邦社會養(yǎng)老保險基金運行和改革的分析，得到了對完善我國養(yǎng)老保險的啟示：在我國不斷完善養(yǎng)老保險制度的過程中，可以嘗試將家庭作為養(yǎng)老保障的單位，加強基金的管理、進行合理化基金投資，同時注意政策調(diào)整的及時性、政策執(zhí)行的漸進性。
[Abstract]:Endowment insurance is a very important part of a country's social security system. Although China is among the developing countries, its population aging is no less serious than that of many developed countries. The imperfect old-age insurance system has become the main factor that restricts the economic development of our country and increases the social instability, so perfecting the endowment insurance in our country is the important content of the current social security work. Although the federal social endowment insurance system in the United States is later than that in other developed countries, it is in good condition at present. Both China and the United States are typical representatives of countries with social insurance social security systems, and in the population size, Land area and other aspects, the two countries are the closest. Therefore, through the analysis of the development course, fund operation and system reform of the federal social endowment insurance in the United States, this paper provides valuable experience for the improvement of the endowment insurance in China. This paper mainly adopts qualitative analysis and literature research, collects, classifies and arranges the Chinese and English materials and data. The following ideas are organized and discussed: firstly, the background and significance of the research and the current research situation at home and abroad are introduced. Then, the history of federal social endowment insurance is reviewed in detail, and its characteristics are analyzed. At the same time, this paper analyzes the operation of the federal social pension insurance fund in the United States from the three aspects of the income and expenditure of funds, the unsustainable of the fund management organization and the system. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the reform of the federal social endowment insurance in the United States, analyzes the reasons for the reform, classifies the risks faced by the federal social endowment insurance in the United States into short-term risks and long-term risks from the perspective of risk theory. The reform measures are divided into two categories: progressive and structural. Finally, through the analysis of the operation and reform of the federal social pension insurance fund in the United States, the enlightenment to the improvement of the pension insurance system in China is obtained: in the process of perfecting the pension insurance system in our country, We can try to take the family as the unit of old-age security, strengthen the fund management, rationalize the fund investment, at the same time pay attention to the timeliness of policy adjustment and the gradual nature of policy implementation.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F847.12;F842.67
本文編號：2177541
[Abstract]:Endowment insurance is a very important part of a country's social security system. Although China is among the developing countries, its population aging is no less serious than that of many developed countries. The imperfect old-age insurance system has become the main factor that restricts the economic development of our country and increases the social instability, so perfecting the endowment insurance in our country is the important content of the current social security work. Although the federal social endowment insurance system in the United States is later than that in other developed countries, it is in good condition at present. Both China and the United States are typical representatives of countries with social insurance social security systems, and in the population size, Land area and other aspects, the two countries are the closest. Therefore, through the analysis of the development course, fund operation and system reform of the federal social endowment insurance in the United States, this paper provides valuable experience for the improvement of the endowment insurance in China. This paper mainly adopts qualitative analysis and literature research, collects, classifies and arranges the Chinese and English materials and data. The following ideas are organized and discussed: firstly, the background and significance of the research and the current research situation at home and abroad are introduced. Then, the history of federal social endowment insurance is reviewed in detail, and its characteristics are analyzed. At the same time, this paper analyzes the operation of the federal social pension insurance fund in the United States from the three aspects of the income and expenditure of funds, the unsustainable of the fund management organization and the system. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the reform of the federal social endowment insurance in the United States, analyzes the reasons for the reform, classifies the risks faced by the federal social endowment insurance in the United States into short-term risks and long-term risks from the perspective of risk theory. The reform measures are divided into two categories: progressive and structural. Finally, through the analysis of the operation and reform of the federal social pension insurance fund in the United States, the enlightenment to the improvement of the pension insurance system in China is obtained: in the process of perfecting the pension insurance system in our country, We can try to take the family as the unit of old-age security, strengthen the fund management, rationalize the fund investment, at the same time pay attention to the timeliness of policy adjustment and the gradual nature of policy implementation.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F847.12;F842.67
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