本文選題：租賃型保障房 + BOT融資　； 參考：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：租賃型保障房是只租不售的一類住房保障形式,包括廉租房和公租房,這類住房不涉及產(chǎn)權(quán)的交接,是未來一段時期內(nèi)我國的主要住房保障形式。全面建成小康社會是“十八大”提出的要在2020年實(shí)現(xiàn)的宏偉目標(biāo),人民居住權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)是達(dá)成這一目標(biāo)的基本前提。綜觀世界發(fā)達(dá)國家保障性住房發(fā)展歷程,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),在各國城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中,都出現(xiàn)過住房供給絕對短缺的階段。針對這一問題,各國雖保障形式各有千秋,制度各有不同,但都鼓勵民眾租住房屋,實(shí)現(xiàn)“居者有其屋”,待住房供需矛盾緩解,進(jìn)入改善居住環(huán)境階段,再鼓勵民眾購買自有住房。要倡導(dǎo)中低收入家庭以租的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)居住權(quán),改變傳統(tǒng)的通過自有住房實(shí)現(xiàn)居住權(quán)的觀念,這是本文研究的租賃型保障房的前提。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展和居民收入差距不協(xié)調(diào),再加上市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的逐利性,導(dǎo)致中低收入家庭無力購買自有住房。這一矛盾在短期內(nèi)政府可以通過擴(kuò)大房屋來源,政策上引導(dǎo)中低收入家庭租房來解決。 “十一五”以來,我國的保障房建設(shè)力度空前加大,住房保障體系已初步形成,租賃型保障房有效地解決了部分中低收入家庭的住房問題,許多地區(qū)廉租房已形成了較為成熟的進(jìn)入與退出機(jī)制,公租房也在蓬勃發(fā)展。但我國租賃型保障房建設(shè)的總體趨勢與居民的期望和政府的長遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)還存在著較大的差距,與經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房和“兩限房”相比,租賃型保障房的資金回收期較長,收益較低。隨著建設(shè)范圍的不斷擴(kuò)大,.租賃型保障房建設(shè)資金不足的問題日益嚴(yán)重。缺乏融資手段的創(chuàng)新,資金安全問題,監(jiān)管力度不足,相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的滯后等,都是產(chǎn)生這一問題的原因。 基于此,本文把解決租賃型保障房資金問題作為中心和出發(fā)點(diǎn),搜集大量相關(guān)資料及文獻(xiàn),通過分析國外典型國家的住房保障形式,研究有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),尋找不同國家在住房保障方面成功的共同點(diǎn),進(jìn)而分析研究我國租賃型保障房建設(shè)資金問題的癥結(jié),總結(jié)出適合我國具體國情的資金解決渠道。吸收更多的社會資金支持租賃型保障房建設(shè),提高社會資金的利用效率,是解決資金難題的根本途徑。在綜合考核了多種融資模式的基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)為BOT融資模式在經(jīng)濟(jì)上能夠利用大量的社會閑散資金,在社會上能夠符合民眾的需求與期望,在實(shí)踐上具有較多的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。所以,提出將BOT融資模式應(yīng)用于租賃型保障房建設(shè)的設(shè)想,并在理論上證明其可行,嘗試在資金結(jié)構(gòu)、投資結(jié)構(gòu)、資信結(jié)構(gòu)三個方面對該融資模式在租賃型保障房中的應(yīng)用給出具體的融資設(shè)計。同時,對于另一種公私合營的融資模式,PPP融資模式在北京市的具體應(yīng)用過程中出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行歸類匯總,通過主成分分析法,找出該模式在應(yīng)用過程中的主要問題,并針對這些問題給出了具體建議,以期該融資模式更好的應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐之中。
[Abstract]:Lease-type indemnificatory apartment is a kind of housing security form which only rents and does not sell, including low-rent housing and public rental. This kind of housing does not involve the transfer of property rights, and is the main form of housing security in China for a period of time in the future. Building a well-off society in an all-round way is the grand goal put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to realize in 2020, and the realization of people's right of abode is the basic premise to achieve this goal. It is not difficult to find that there has been an absolute shortage of housing supply in the process of urbanization in developed countries. In response to this problem, although various countries have different forms of security and different systems, they all encourage people to rent houses and realize "home ownership" until the contradiction between supply and demand of housing is alleviated and the stage of improving the living environment is reached. People are encouraged to buy their own homes. It is the premise of this paper that we should advocate the low and middle income families to realize the right of residence by rent and change the traditional concept of realizing the right of residence through the self-owned housing. With the rapid development of economy, the disharmony between urban and rural development and the income gap between residents and the market economy, the low and middle income families are unable to buy their own houses. In the short term, the government can solve this problem by expanding housing sources and guiding low-and-middle-income families to rent. Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, the construction of indemnificatory apartment in China has been greatly strengthened, the housing security system has been initially formed, and the rental indemnificatory apartment has effectively solved the housing problems of some low- and middle-income families. Low-rent housing in many areas has formed a more mature entry and exit mechanism, and public rental housing is booming. However, there is still a big gap between the general trend of leasing type indemnificatory apartment construction and residents' expectation and the government's long-term goal. Compared with comfortable housing and "two limited houses", the capital payback period of lease type indemnificatory apartment is longer and the income is lower. With the continuous expansion of the scope of construction. The problem of lack of funds for leasing indemnificatory apartment construction is becoming more and more serious. The reasons for this problem are lack of innovation of financing means, safety of funds, insufficient supervision, lag of relevant laws and regulations, etc. Based on this, this paper regards solving the problem of leasing indemnificatory apartment as the center and starting point, collects a large number of relevant information and literature, and studies the relevant data by analyzing the housing security forms of typical foreign countries. In order to find the common ground of housing security in different countries, this paper analyzes and studies the crux of the financing problem of leasing indemnificatory apartment construction in China, and sums up the funds solution channels suitable for the specific situation of our country. Absorbing more social funds to support the construction of leasing indemnificatory apartment and improving the utilization efficiency of social funds are the fundamental ways to solve the problem of capital. On the basis of comprehensive examination of various financing modes, it is considered that bot financing model can utilize a large amount of social idle funds economically, meet the needs and expectations of the people in society, and have more successful experience in practice. Therefore, this paper puts forward the idea of applying bot financing model to the construction of leasing indemnificatory apartment, and proves its feasibility in theory. The application of this financing model in leasing indemnificatory apartment is given in three aspects of credit structure. At the same time, the problems in the application of PPP financing model in Beijing are classified and summarized. Through principal component analysis, the main problems in the application process of PPP financing model are found out. To solve these problems, some specific suggestions are given in order to better apply the financing model in practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F299.23

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