本文選題：村鎮(zhèn)銀行 + 小微企業(yè)　； 參考：《河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：為從根本上解決農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨的銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)覆蓋率低、金融供給不足、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不充分以及農(nóng)戶與小微企業(yè)貸款難問(wèn)題，銀監(jiān)會(huì)發(fā)布了《關(guān)于調(diào)整放寬農(nóng)村地區(qū)銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)入政策，更好支持社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的若干意見》，村鎮(zhèn)銀行應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，但是作為專門服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”和縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)的的區(qū)域性中小銀行，在其經(jīng)營(yíng)中面臨著多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，由于信貸業(yè)務(wù)是其取得收益的主要來(lái)源，因此信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是村鎮(zhèn)銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中面臨的最主要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在當(dāng)前外部環(huán)境下，信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理已經(jīng)不僅僅是銀行規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、對(duì)沖風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益的博弈術(shù)，更是一種保值增值的利益取得模式。對(duì)于村鎮(zhèn)銀行而言，在特殊的生存環(huán)境下，收益的取得與損失的大小，在相當(dāng)程度上取決于村鎮(zhèn)銀行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的改進(jìn)與提升。 小微企業(yè)的納稅總值和生產(chǎn)價(jià)值在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中占有重要地位，對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定起著至關(guān)重要的作用。自2011年9月，溫州高利貸崩盤，大批老板“跑路”，小微企業(yè)的貸款問(wèn)題又一次提上議程。小微企業(yè)融資難，自身存在很多原因，如財(cái)務(wù)制度不健全、財(cái)務(wù)信息失真、內(nèi)源融資水平差、抵押擔(dān)保能力不足等。作為立足縣域，服務(wù)小微的村鎮(zhèn)銀行，緩解小微企業(yè)貸款難，進(jìn)行小微企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的研究十分必要。 本文首先綜合運(yùn)用信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、管理學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、博弈論等對(duì)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論進(jìn)行分析，認(rèn)為：村鎮(zhèn)銀行與小微企業(yè)之間天生存在著嚴(yán)重的信息不對(duì)稱，導(dǎo)致雙方在信貸業(yè)務(wù)中面臨著“逆向選擇”和“道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，產(chǎn)生的不良后果主要有銀行惜貸和小微企業(yè)騙貸。其次，根據(jù)村鎮(zhèn)銀行的界定和特征，分析村鎮(zhèn)銀行與其它面向農(nóng)村的銀行類金融機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)系，探討了村鎮(zhèn)銀行的定位問(wèn)題。從村鎮(zhèn)銀行面對(duì)縣域小微企業(yè)的實(shí)際出發(fā)，分析村鎮(zhèn)銀行的業(yè)務(wù)特點(diǎn)和信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)成因，研究了村鎮(zhèn)銀行信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生的過(guò)程。最后，根據(jù)河北省村鎮(zhèn)銀行的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理現(xiàn)狀和現(xiàn)有的貸款審查、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方法，，闡述了傳統(tǒng)信用評(píng)級(jí)方法和現(xiàn)代信用評(píng)級(jí)模型的局限，探討河北省村鎮(zhèn)銀行應(yīng)用這些模型的限制性條件，按照定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合的方法，建立了基于層次分析法的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)管理模型，設(shè)計(jì)出河北省村鎮(zhèn)銀行對(duì)小微企業(yè)信用評(píng)級(jí)的指標(biāo)，提出了河北省村鎮(zhèn)銀行信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的各種具體措施。
[Abstract]:In order to fundamentally solve the problems of low network coverage of banking financial institutions in rural areas, inadequate financial supply, inadequate competition and difficulties in lending to farmers and small and micro enterprises, The CBRC issued several opinions on readjusting and relaxing the access policy of banking financial institutions in rural areas to better support the construction of a new socialist countryside, and village and town banks emerged as the times require. However, as a regional small and medium-sized bank specialized in serving the "three rural areas" and the county economy, it faces a variety of risks in its operation. Because the credit business is the main source of its income, Therefore, credit risk is the most important risk in the process of village bank operation. In the current external environment, credit risk management is not only a game technique of avoiding risk, hedging risk and income, but also a mode of interest acquisition. For village banks, under the special living environment, the size of income and loss depends to a certain extent on the improvement and promotion of credit risk management of village banks. The total tax value and production value of small and micro enterprises play an important role in the economy of our country and play a vital role in promoting the development of our national economy and maintaining social stability. Since September 2011, Wenzhou usury collapse, a large number of bosses "run the road", small and micro-enterprise loan again on the agenda. The financing of small and micro enterprises is difficult, there are many reasons, such as the financial system is not perfect, the financial information is distorted, the level of endogenous financing is poor, the ability of mortgage guarantee is insufficient, and so on. It is necessary to study the credit risk management of small and micro enterprises as a village bank based on county and serving small and micro enterprises to ease the difficulty of lending to small and micro enterprises. Firstly, this paper analyzes the credit risk management theory by using information economics, management science, economics and game theory, and points out that there is a serious information asymmetry between village banks and small and micro enterprises. As a result, both sides are faced with "adverse selection" and "moral hazard" in the credit business. The adverse consequences are mainly the reluctance of banks to lend and the fraud of small and micro enterprises. Secondly, according to the definition and characteristics of the village bank, this paper analyzes the relationship between the village bank and other banking institutions facing the countryside, and probes into the orientation of the village bank. Based on the fact that the village bank faces the county small and micro enterprises, this paper analyzes the business characteristics and the causes of the credit risk of the village bank, and studies the process of producing the credit risk of the village bank. Finally, according to the present situation of operation and management of village banks in Hebei Province and the existing loan review and risk control methods, the limitations of traditional credit rating methods and modern credit rating models are expounded. The restrictive conditions of applying these models to village banks in Hebei Province are discussed. According to the method of combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation management model based on AHP is established. The index of credit rating for small and micro enterprises by Hebei Village Bank is designed, and various concrete measures for credit risk management of Hebei Village Bank are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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