本文選題：小微企業(yè) + 融資困境　； 參考：《東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,小微企業(yè)的重要性日益得到政府和社會的廣泛關(guān)注,成為我國國民經(jīng)濟健康發(fā)展的助推器,其推動作用體現(xiàn)在增加就業(yè),促進經(jīng)濟增長,維護社會穩(wěn)定,增強科技創(chuàng)新等各個層面。但是,由于歷史和體制,制度變遷的路徑依賴性等多重原因,仍然存在一些制約我國小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的因素,其中特別突出的問題一小微企業(yè)在自身發(fā)展過程中面臨融資難的問題。關(guān)于《金融基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)與小微型企業(yè)融資》國際研討會在2012年3月舉行,中國人民銀行李東榮行長助理在此次國際研討會上指出,“在我國,小微企業(yè)是提供新增就業(yè)崗位的主要渠道,是企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)成長的重要平臺,是科技創(chuàng)新的支撐力量。特別是在當(dāng)前形勢下,支持小微企業(yè)健康發(fā)展,對于保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展,加快經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變,具有十分重要的戰(zhàn)略意義”。日前隨著社會各界對小微企業(yè)資金問題的關(guān)注度不斷上升,對小微型企業(yè)融資難問題的研究和解決對策成為我國理論界的一個探討熱潮。 本文立足于小微型企業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀,著重分析造成小微型企業(yè)融資難困境的原因和解決困境的“小額信貸”對策,探索了提升我國小微企業(yè)國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展能力的一個經(jīng)濟途徑。這對于加快構(gòu)建適應(yīng)小微企業(yè)發(fā)展需求的融資體系,為小微企業(yè)提供多元化的融資服務(wù),具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。本文依據(jù)信息不對稱、信貸配給等經(jīng)濟理論的思想,分析了我國小微企業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀和融資環(huán)境,發(fā)現(xiàn)小微企業(yè)融資難問題存在著其自身經(jīng)營管理特征的內(nèi)部因素和外部環(huán)境兩大成因。對這種狀況,雖然目前國內(nèi)學(xué)者已經(jīng)提出多種對策,如合理優(yōu)化融資環(huán)境,商業(yè)銀行信貸制度改革,加強小微企業(yè)自身建設(shè)等,然而這些大都是長期治理方法。而從當(dāng)前促進小微企業(yè)發(fā)展能力的短期效應(yīng)著眼,方法措施不是很多。本文針對這種短期效應(yīng),著重探討了小額信貸的發(fā)展思路。從總結(jié)了小額信貸融資創(chuàng)新理論和小額信貸創(chuàng)新手段入手,分析了我國小額信貸創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗,探究其對于提升小微企業(yè)國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展能力的內(nèi)在機制,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了以小額信貸為主要形式支持我國小微企業(yè)快速高效發(fā)展的政策思考,并提出其可持續(xù)發(fā)展的若干建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the importance of small and micro enterprises has been paid more and more attention by the government and the society, and has become a booster for the healthy development of our national economy. Its driving effect is to increase employment, promote economic growth, and maintain social stability. Enhance scientific and technological innovation and other levels. However, due to many reasons, such as history and system, path dependence of institutional changes, there are still some factors restricting the development of small and micro enterprises in China. One of the most prominent problems is that small and micro enterprises are facing the problem of financing in their own development process. "in China," said Li Dongrong, assistant governor of the people's Bank of China, "in China," the International Symposium on "Financial Infrastructure Construction and financing of small and Micro Enterprises" was held in March 2012. Small and micro enterprises are the main channels to provide new jobs, an important platform for entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial growth, and a supporting force for scientific and technological innovation. Especially in the current situation, it is of great strategic significance to support the healthy development of small and micro enterprises for maintaining the steady and rapid economic development and speeding up the transformation of the mode of economic development. With the increasing attention to the financing problem of small and micro enterprises, the research and solution to the financing problem of small and micro enterprises has become a hot topic in the theoretical circle of our country. Based on the present financing situation of small and micro enterprises, this paper emphatically analyzes the causes of financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises and the countermeasures of "micro-credit" to solve the difficulties, and explores an economic way to enhance the national economic development ability of small and micro enterprises in China. This is of practical significance for speeding up the construction of a financing system adapted to the development needs of small and micro enterprises and providing diversified financing services for small and micro enterprises. Based on the economic theories of asymmetric information and credit rationing, this paper analyzes the present financing situation and financing environment of small and micro enterprises in China. It is found that the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises are caused by internal factors of their own management characteristics and external environment. Although domestic scholars have put forward a variety of countermeasures at present, such as optimizing the financing environment reasonably, reforming the credit system of commercial banks, strengthening the self-construction of small and micro enterprises and so on, these are mostly long-term governance methods. However, from the view of the short-term effect of promoting the development ability of small and micro-enterprises, the methods and measures are not many. In view of this short-term effect, this paper focuses on the development of micro-credit. By summarizing the innovative theory of microfinance financing and the innovative means of microfinance, this paper analyzes the experiences of the innovative development of microfinance in China, and probes into its internal mechanism for enhancing the national economic development ability of small and micro enterprises. This paper puts forward the policy thinking of supporting the rapid and efficient development of small and micro enterprises in China by means of micro-credit, and puts forward some suggestions for its sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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