本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中小企業(yè) 信貸業(yè)務(wù) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：信貸業(yè)務(wù)是維系銀行生存和發(fā)展的重要業(yè)務(wù),信貸業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)已經(jīng)成為商業(yè)銀行面臨的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。2004年巴塞爾新資本協(xié)議的實(shí)行,對商業(yè)銀行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理提出了更高的要求,因此加強(qiáng)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理成為維護(hù)商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營安全性和盈利性的重要保障。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,中小企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中所占的比重不斷增加,XX銀行焦作分行開始把中小企業(yè)作為信貸業(yè)務(wù)的主要對象,但是由于該行內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理機(jī)制不完善,造成了銀行在發(fā)展信貸業(yè)務(wù)的同時(shí),信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也不斷增加,中小企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理一直是該行業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展中的難題。 2009年XX銀行焦作分行成立了“信貸工廠”,截止2012年末,該行中小企業(yè)信貸客戶數(shù)量達(dá)到126戶,共投放中小企業(yè)貸款187筆67020萬元,中小企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)量呈上升趨勢,但是該行抵押貸款和聯(lián)貸聯(lián)保業(yè)務(wù)分別發(fā)生了兩筆不良貸款,這是由于該行中小企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理存在以下問題：首先,抵押貸款業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理薄弱,一是由于銀企信息不對稱現(xiàn)象的存在,造成抵押貸款業(yè)務(wù)受理環(huán)節(jié)中,銀行無法判斷企業(yè)提供信息的真實(shí)性；二是沒有建立適合中小企業(yè)的信用評級體系,導(dǎo)致銀行對企業(yè)的信用評級結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確；三是申請抵押貸款的中小企業(yè)很難提供符合銀行貸款要求的抵押物,使貸款擔(dān)保方式難以落實(shí)；四是貸后管理不完善,增加了信貸業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；其次,對于申請聯(lián)貸聯(lián)保業(yè)務(wù)的中小企業(yè)沒有設(shè)立合理的準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、信息披露機(jī)制也不完善,銀行對企業(yè)的縱向監(jiān)督無法發(fā)揮作用；最后,“信貸工廠”工作人員風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識淡薄,造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理“模式化”以及信貸業(yè)務(wù)批量化營銷不足等問題。 信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理貫穿于銀行管理的全過程,加強(qiáng)中小企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)工程,通過對XX銀行焦作分行中小企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理存在的問題進(jìn)行深入的分析,針對這些問題,從建立中小企業(yè)信用評級體系、創(chuàng)新?lián)７绞�、加�?qiáng)聯(lián)貸聯(lián)保業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范和人員培訓(xùn)、實(shí)現(xiàn)“信貸工廠”批量化營銷以及加強(qiáng)貸后管理等六個(gè)方面,對該行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理工作提出實(shí)用的對策。通過完善征信數(shù)據(jù)庫、選取信用評級指標(biāo)、優(yōu)化信用評級分類和建立獨(dú)立的征信系統(tǒng),重點(diǎn)研究了中小企業(yè)信用評級體系的建立,以完善XX銀行焦作分行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系,實(shí)現(xiàn)對中小企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)的全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理,達(dá)到提升該行中小企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展水平、提高銀行信貸資金安全性的目的。
[Abstract]:Credit business is an important business to maintain the survival and development of banks. The risk of credit business has become the main risk faced by commercial banks. In 2004, the implementation of the new Basel Capital Accord. The credit risk management of commercial banks has put forward higher requirements, so strengthening credit risk management has become an important guarantee to maintain the security and profitability of commercial banks. With the development of economy. The proportion of small and medium-sized enterprises in economic life continues to increase Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank began to take small and medium-sized enterprises as the main object of credit business but because of the internal risk management mechanism of the bank is not perfect. At the same time, the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises is increasing, and the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises has been a difficult problem in the development of the bank's business. In 2009, XX Bank Jiaozuo Branch set up a "credit factory", as of end of 2012, the number of SME credit customers reached 126. A total of 187 SME loans of 670.2 million yuan, SME credit volume showed an upward trend, but the bank mortgage loans and the United loan UNPROFOR business occurred two non-performing loans. This is due to the bank SMEs credit risk management has the following problems: first, mortgage business risk management is weak, first, because of the existence of information asymmetry phenomenon, resulting in mortgage business acceptance link. Banks cannot judge the authenticity of the information provided by enterprises; The second is the failure to establish a credit rating system suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, which leads to inaccurate credit rating results of banks to enterprises; Third, it is very difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises applying for mortgage loans to provide collateral that meets the requirements of bank loans, which makes it difficult to implement loan guarantee methods; The fourth is the imperfect management after the loan, which increases the risk of the credit business; Secondly, for the small and medium-sized enterprises applying for joint loan, there is no reasonable admission standard, the information disclosure mechanism is not perfect, and the vertical supervision of the banks to the enterprises can not play a role; Finally, the staff of "credit factory" are weak in risk consciousness, resulting in risk management "pattern" and insufficient marketing of credit business. Credit risk management runs through the whole process of bank management. It is a systematic project to strengthen the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises. Through the in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank, aiming at these problems, the credit rating system of small and medium-sized enterprises is established and the guarantee method is innovated. Strengthening the risk prevention and personnel training, realizing the "credit factory" mass marketing and strengthening the post-loan management of six aspects. Through perfecting the credit database, selecting the credit rating index, optimizing the classification of the credit rating and establishing an independent credit system, the paper puts forward some practical countermeasures for the risk management of the bank. In order to perfect the risk management system of Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank and realize the overall risk management of the SME credit business, the establishment of the credit rating system of the small and medium-sized enterprises is studied emphatically. To improve the bank's small and medium-sized credit business development level, improve the security of bank credit funds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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