本文選題：收入質(zhì)量　切入點(diǎn)：貸款行為　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶增收是破解“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)。2004年以來(lái)的中央一號(hào)文件，都將促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶增收作為重要內(nèi)容和要求，強(qiáng)調(diào)相關(guān)部門(mén)及各級(jí)政府努力提高農(nóng)戶收入。在已經(jīng)出臺(tái)的眾多關(guān)于提高農(nóng)戶收入的措施中，準(zhǔn)確把握影響農(nóng)戶貸款的因素，制定更加具有針對(duì)性的貸款政策，是最有效的途徑之一。相關(guān)研究表明，農(nóng)戶收入是影響其貸款行為的重要因素。然而，已有研究大多關(guān)注農(nóng)戶收入數(shù)量對(duì)其貸款行為的影響，關(guān)于農(nóng)戶收入的充足性、穩(wěn)定性、結(jié)構(gòu)性、成本性、知識(shí)性等內(nèi)生因素如何影響農(nóng)戶貸款行為的相關(guān)研究較少。金融組織出臺(tái)的信貸政策和信貸產(chǎn)品缺乏區(qū)域差異性，導(dǎo)致信貸政策和信貸產(chǎn)品難以適應(yīng)中西部地區(qū)的農(nóng)村金融環(huán)境及農(nóng)戶貸款行為，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致農(nóng)戶的貸款需求無(wú)法得到滿足，降低了金融（包括政策性金融）對(duì)農(nóng)戶創(chuàng)業(yè)及收入增長(zhǎng)支持效應(yīng)。因此，從收入質(zhì)量為研究視角，研究農(nóng)戶貸款行為及其影響因素，顯得尤為必要。 在借鑒已有研究成果基礎(chǔ)上，本文從“收入質(zhì)量-貸款行為-農(nóng)戶增收”良性循環(huán)視角，探討收入質(zhì)量對(duì)中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為的影響。研究?jī)?nèi)容由以下四部分構(gòu)成： 第一部分為研究基礎(chǔ)由第一、第二章組成。包括研究背景、研究目的、研究意義、研究框架、相關(guān)理論及文獻(xiàn)回顧等，本部分主要是設(shè)計(jì)論文研究方案。第二部分為中西部農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量及貸款行為基本特征，由第三章組成。根據(jù)第一部分研究結(jié)論及研究方案，本部分主要討論問(wèn)卷設(shè)計(jì)及結(jié)構(gòu)，在陜西、山西等中西部省份開(kāi)展專(zhuān)項(xiàng)調(diào)研情況，以及對(duì)陜西、河南等中西部省份開(kāi)展的實(shí)地調(diào)研（784個(gè)樣本）結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析，歸納、提煉中西部農(nóng)戶在收入質(zhì)量及貸款行為方面的基本規(guī)律與特征。第三部分為實(shí)證研究，由第四、五、六三章組成。以第二部分研究結(jié)論為基礎(chǔ)上，本部分以收入質(zhì)量為切入點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用影響機(jī)理分析、交叉統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、方差分析、計(jì)量分析等方法（分別采用二元Logit模型、多元Logit模型以及Tobit模型），探究收入質(zhì)量對(duì)于中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為的影響機(jī)理，分析影響中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為的主要因素。主要包括三方面：一是收入質(zhì)量對(duì)中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為起始階段的影響研究，分析收入質(zhì)量如何影響中西部農(nóng)戶貸款需求（論文第四章）；二是收入質(zhì)量對(duì)中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為決策階段的影響研究，分析收入質(zhì)量如何影響中西部農(nóng)戶貸款用途及貸款渠道的選擇（論文第五章）；三是收入質(zhì)量對(duì)中西部農(nóng)戶貸款行為實(shí)施階段的影響研究，分析收入質(zhì)量如何影響中西部農(nóng)戶貸款可獲得性及還款期限（論文第六章）。第四部分為結(jié)論與建議，由第七章組成。在總結(jié)論文主要研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，凝練本文研究結(jié)論。同時(shí)，圍繞研究過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，從促進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融帶動(dòng)農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量提高視角，提出政策與建議。 通過(guò)研究，本文得出以下主要結(jié)論： （1）在我國(guó)中西部地區(qū)，農(nóng)戶的收入質(zhì)量對(duì)其貸款行為的各個(gè)階段均存在顯著影響。收入質(zhì)量不高的農(nóng)戶大多具有貸款需求，貸款用途為非生產(chǎn)型，傾向通過(guò)非正規(guī)貸款渠道獲得貸款，貸款可獲得性較低，還款期限較短。收入質(zhì)量較高的農(nóng)戶具有貸款需求的比例較小，貸款用途為投資型、生產(chǎn)型的農(nóng)戶占一定比例，傾向通過(guò)正規(guī)貸款渠道獲得貸款，貸款可獲得性較高，，還款期限較長(zhǎng)。 （2）當(dāng)前中西部農(nóng)戶收入數(shù)量與收入質(zhì)量間嚴(yán)重失調(diào)。近年來(lái)農(nóng)戶收入數(shù)量顯著提高，但同時(shí)存在著人力資本存量不足、抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力低、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度過(guò)大等突出問(wèn)題。表明我國(guó)中西部地區(qū)的農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量依然不高，總體上處于生存型而非積累型、投資發(fā)展型階段。 （3）近一半的中西部農(nóng)戶具有貸款需求，而且投資型、生產(chǎn)型貸款需求也占到一定比例。這表明，我國(guó)中西部地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)組織方式正逐漸打破，新型農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)體系逐漸建立。 （4）中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)戶貸款供給型約束普遍存在。農(nóng)戶貸款主要源自正規(guī)渠道和非正規(guī)渠道兩種。雖然兩種渠道的貸款可獲得性存在較大差異，但非正規(guī)渠道的貸款可獲得性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于正規(guī)貸款渠道。而且，中西部地區(qū)存在較為明顯的金融抑制和廣泛的貸款約束，大量農(nóng)戶貸款需求不能得到滿足。
[Abstract]:The promotion of farmers' income is the basic.2004 to solve the "three rural problems" has a central file, will promote the farmers' income as an important content and requirements, stressed that the relevant departments and governments at all levels to increase farmers' income. In has introduced numerous measures on improving farmers' income, accurately grasp the influence factors of farmers' loans, making more targeted loan policy is one of the most effective way. The related research shows that farmers' income is an important factor affecting the loan behavior. However, the existing researches mainly focus on the impact of household income on the number of its lending behavior, adequacy, on Farmers' income structure, stability, cost, research related knowledge such factors how to influence the behavior of farmers loans less. The credit policy and credit products to financial organizations introduced the lack of regional differences, leading to credit policy and Credit products are difficult to adapt to the rural financial environment and farmers loan behavior of central and western regions, resulting in household loan demand can not be met, reduced financial (including policy finance) on Farmers' income growth and entrepreneurship support effect. Therefore, the quality of income from the research perspective, factors and their effect on the behavior of farmers loans, it is necessary to.
On the basis of existing research results, this paper discusses the impact of income quality on the loan behavior of farmers in the Midwest from the perspective of virtuous circle of "income quality loan behavior and farmers' income increase". The research contents are composed of four parts.
The first part is the foundation of the research consists of second chapters. First, including research background, research purpose, research significance, research framework, related theory and literature review, this part is mainly the research design scheme. The second part is the basic characteristics of farmers' income and the quality of the lending behavior of the Midwest, consists of third chapters. According to the conclusion and research program the first part of the study, this part mainly discusses the design and structure of the questionnaire, carry out special investigation in Shaanxi, Shanxi and other western provinces, as well as to carry out field research in Shaanxi, Henan and other western provinces (784 samples) were analyzed and summarized, the basic rules and characteristics of farmers in the Midwest refining income quality and loan behavior. The third part is the empirical research, by the fourth, fifth, 63 chapters. The second part is the research conclusions based on this part of the income quality as the starting point, the application. Cross ring mechanism analysis, statistical analysis, variance analysis, econometric analysis method (using two element Logit model, multivariate Logit model and Tobit model), explore the mechanism of influencing the quality of income loans Midwest farmers, analysis of main factors influencing farmers loans for the Midwest. Mainly includes three aspects: one is to study the income quality influence on the behavior of the initial stage of the Midwest farmers loans, analysis of income quality how to affect the Midwest farmers loan demand (the fourth chapter); two is the loans to farmers' behavior affect the quality of the Midwest income decision-making stage, analysis of the income quality how to affect the Midwest farmers loan uses and lending channel selection (Chapter fifth); the three is income the quality effect of stage of study on loan behavior of Midwest farmers, analysis of income quality how to affect the Midwest farmers loans can be obtained And the repayment period (the sixth chapter). The fourth part is the conclusion and suggestion, consists of seventh chapters. Based on summarizing the main research results and conclusions in this paper concise. At the same time, around the problems found in the research process, from the rural financial to promote farmers' income quality improvement perspective, put forward the policy and suggestion.
Through the study, this paper draws the following main conclusions:
(1) in the central and western regions of our country, the income of farmers quality in various stages of its lending behavior has significant effects. The income quality is not high, most of the peasant households with loan demand, loan applications for non production, tend to receive loans through informal channels loans, loan availability is low, the repayment period is short the quality of higher income. Farmers have a smaller proportion of the demand for loans, loans for investment, production of farmers accounted for a certain proportion, tend to receive loans through formal lending channels, loan availability is high, the repayment period is longer.
(2) the Midwest farmers' income quantity and income quality between serious disorders. In recent years the number of farmers' income increase, but there is a lack of human capital, the ability to resist risks is low, the labor intensity is too large. The outstanding problems of China's central and western regions shows that farmers' income quality is not high, in the overall survival rather than the accumulation of type, stage of investment and development.
(3) nearly half of the Midwest households have loan demand, and investment type and production loan demand also account for a certain proportion. This indicates that the traditional agricultural organization mode in central and Western China is gradually breaking down, and the new agricultural production and operation system is gradually established.
(4) common Midwest farmers loan supply constraints. Loans to farmers mainly from formal and informal channels of two. Although the two channels of the loan can be obtained but there are big differences, non formal channels of funding availability is far greater than the normal lending channel. Moreover, there is obvious and widespread financial repression the loan constraint in central and western regions, a large number of farmers' loan demand can not be met.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.8;F832.43

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