本文關(guān)鍵詞： 綠色信貸 中小企業(yè) 環(huán)境風險管理　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著中國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，環(huán)保問題越來越突出，政府也推出了一系列的宏觀政策，而其中“綠色信貸”就是從金融層面提出的來推動信貸資金綠色配置的政策。換句話說，綠色信貸是指金融機構(gòu)根據(jù)國家的相關(guān)環(huán)保政策及產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，從信貸資金的配置上面支持從事循環(huán)經(jīng)濟、綠色制造的企業(yè)和機構(gòu)，限制污染項目及污染企業(yè)，引導(dǎo)資金流向環(huán)保政策支持的行業(yè)或項目。在此背景下，占國內(nèi)注冊企業(yè)90%以上的中小企業(yè)比大型企業(yè)面臨更為嚴峻的融資環(huán)境及產(chǎn)業(yè)升級壓力，與這些中小企業(yè)合作的金融機構(gòu)也同時面臨著較大的環(huán)境風險。本文中的環(huán)境風險指的是在綠色信貸背景下，由于國家環(huán)保政策的變化，或者企業(yè)自身環(huán)保意識淡薄而影響企業(yè)正常運作，最終導(dǎo)致違約風險或間接使銀行面臨法律、聲譽等風險。綠色信貸背景下的中小企業(yè)環(huán)境風險管理的研究意義在于中小企業(yè)較大型企業(yè)更易使銀行面臨環(huán)境風險，中小企業(yè)占銀行客戶群的比例較大，具有普遍性，中小企業(yè)普遍存在融資難的問題而綠色信貸政策會加劇這一問題。環(huán)境風險管理的目的在于使銀行在開展“綠色信貸”的同時，認清環(huán)境風險可能帶來的授信風險，，并尋求緩釋環(huán)境風險的方法，促進中小企業(yè)向低碳環(huán)保、可持續(xù)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型，使綠色信貸業(yè)務(wù)健康穩(wěn)健地開展。 本文采用文獻資料法及模型分析法，分析了國內(nèi)綠色信貸發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和中小企業(yè)面臨的融資問題，再在銀行內(nèi)部評級模型的基礎(chǔ)上，通過相關(guān)性分析來得出環(huán)保因子與信用等級存在正相關(guān)的結(jié)論，為銀行在授信準入環(huán)節(jié)管理環(huán)境風險提供參考依據(jù)，并提出緩釋風險的方法與建議。論文主體首先分析了國內(nèi)外的研究概況、國內(nèi)綠色信貸發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及在此背景下中小企業(yè)融資問題，然后分析了環(huán)境風險的分類和產(chǎn)生原因。接下來在銀行內(nèi)部評級模型的基礎(chǔ)上，加入了環(huán)保因子，得出環(huán)保因子與信用等級成正相關(guān)的結(jié)論，并通過案例分析進一步論證。文章最后一章根據(jù)分析結(jié)果，為銀行開展綠色信貸防范環(huán)境風險提出對策建議。通過對環(huán)境風險的管理，使銀行認清環(huán)境風險，緩釋環(huán)境風險，促進中小企業(yè)向低碳環(huán)保、可持續(xù)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型，使綠色信貸業(yè)務(wù)健康穩(wěn)健地開展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, environmental protection problems have become more and more prominent. The government has also introduced a series of macro policies. Among them, "green credit" is a policy put forward from the financial level to promote the green allocation of credit funds. In other words, green credit refers to financial institutions according to the relevant environmental protection policies and industrial policies of the country. To support enterprises and institutions engaged in circular economy and green manufacturing from the allocation of credit funds, to restrict pollution projects and polluting enterprises, and to direct funds to industries or projects supported by environmental protection policies. Small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for more than 90% of the registered enterprises in China, face more severe financing environment and industrial upgrading pressure than large enterprises. The financial institutions that cooperate with these small and medium-sized enterprises are also facing greater environmental risks. The environmental risks in this paper refer to the changes in national environmental protection policies in the context of green credit. Or the weak awareness of the enterprise's own environmental protection will affect the normal operation of the enterprise, resulting in the risk of default or indirectly exposing banks to the law. The significance of research on environmental risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises under the background of green credit is that small and medium-sized enterprises are more likely to make banks face environmental risks than large enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprises account for a large proportion of bank customers and are universal. The problem of financing difficulty exists in small and medium-sized enterprises and green credit policy will aggravate the problem. The purpose of environmental risk management is to make banks recognize the credit risk that environmental risk may bring while carrying out "green credit". In order to promote the transition of small and medium-sized enterprises to low-carbon environmental protection and sustainable development, the green credit business can be carried out healthily and steadily. This paper analyzes the development of green credit in China and the financing problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises by using the method of literature and model analysis, and then on the basis of the internal rating model of banks. Through the correlation analysis, the author draws the conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the environmental protection factor and the credit grade, which provides a reference for banks to manage the environmental risk in the credit access link. The main body of the paper firstly analyzes the research situation at home and abroad, the current situation of domestic green credit development and the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises under this background. Then it analyzes the classification and causes of environmental risk. Then, on the basis of the internal rating model of banks, it adds environmental protection factors, and draws the conclusion that environmental protection factors are positively related to credit rating. In the last chapter, according to the results of the analysis, the countermeasures and suggestions for banks to carry out green credit to prevent environmental risks are put forward. Through the management of environmental risks, banks can recognize the environmental risks and release them slowly. To promote small and medium-sized enterprises to low-carbon environmental protection, sustainable development, green credit business healthy and steady development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4

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本文編號：1500700