本文選題：電子廢棄物 + 現(xiàn)貨市場　； 參考：《東華大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學技術(shù)的發(fā)展,由廢舊產(chǎn)品引發(fā)的資源過度消耗和環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴峻。因此,對廢舊產(chǎn)品的回收和處理這一問題引起了政府和社會的重視。同時,人們環(huán)保意識的加強以及政府對環(huán)境保護措施的強有力的執(zhí)行,都成了促進廢棄物逆向物流在理論和實踐領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的重要因素。 近年來,隨著供應(yīng)鏈管理概念的發(fā)展和基于電子商務(wù)的現(xiàn)貨市場的興起,傳統(tǒng)的采購模式正在發(fā)生變革。供應(yīng)鏈管理的思想使供應(yīng)鏈中的企業(yè)越來越講求互相的合作,傳統(tǒng)的僅從企業(yè)自身利益出發(fā)的采購模式正在慢慢向供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境下的采購模式轉(zhuǎn)變。供應(yīng)鏈管理模式下的采購講求采購方與供應(yīng)商之間的合作,以達到快速響應(yīng)需求、降低成本、減少庫存的目的,實現(xiàn)雙方的共贏。同時電子商務(wù)現(xiàn)貨市場的發(fā)展,改變了供應(yīng)鏈企業(yè)之間原先基于合約的合作關(guān)系,而轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N合同市場和現(xiàn)貨市場并存的關(guān)系結(jié)構(gòu)。 傳統(tǒng)的有關(guān)逆向物流回收網(wǎng)絡(luò)的采購決策的研究中,大多假設(shè)決策者為風險中性,沒有考慮到?jīng)Q策者的風險態(tài)度對采購決策的影響。而在實踐中發(fā)現(xiàn),決策者的風險態(tài)度將對決策產(chǎn)生重要影響,因此在研究中考慮決策者的風險態(tài)度具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 基于以上背景,本文主要研究的問題是：在由處理商和回收商組成的電子廢棄物逆向物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,考慮現(xiàn)貨市場影響和決策者風險態(tài)度的采購決策問題。通過相關(guān)文獻的研究綜述、模型建模、仿真求解的方法,得到以下主要研究工作及研究成果： (1)對電子廢棄物逆向物流的研究現(xiàn)狀、供應(yīng)鏈采購契約、期權(quán)契約、現(xiàn)貨市場下的采購決策研究現(xiàn)狀、考慮決策者風險態(tài)度的采購決策研究現(xiàn)狀等研究進行了回顧。 (2)通過對期權(quán)契約的研究,結(jié)合逆向物流的特點,在考慮現(xiàn)貨市場的影響下,構(gòu)建了處理商和回收商均為風險中性決策者時,基于期權(quán)合同和組合合同(期權(quán)合同和固定合同)的逆向供應(yīng)鏈采購模型.。運用Stackelberg博弈方法,分別對回收商主導(dǎo)和處理商主導(dǎo)的情況進行分析和比較,得出使供應(yīng)鏈期望收益最大化的訂貨量和合同參數(shù)。通過數(shù)值分析對模型進行驗證,比較固定合同、期權(quán)合同和組合合同對逆向供應(yīng)鏈采購決策的影響。研究結(jié)果表明在考慮現(xiàn)貨市場的影響下的逆向供應(yīng)鏈采購決策中,使用組合合同優(yōu)于單獨使用固定合同和單獨使用期權(quán)合同,能夠達到供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)調(diào)的效果。 (3)考慮決策者的風險態(tài)度,運用前景理論中的損失規(guī)避模型,構(gòu)建了損失規(guī)避下處理商基于期權(quán)契約的采購模型,研究損失規(guī)避下最優(yōu)訂貨量的影響參數(shù)。將損失規(guī)避下的訂貨策略和風險中性下的訂貨策略進行對比,分析損失規(guī)避度對訂貨策略的影響。研究結(jié)果表明期權(quán)訂貨量與損失規(guī)避系數(shù)、缺貨損失等參數(shù)密切相關(guān),訂貨量的多少取決于期望缺貨損失和期望剩余損失之間的權(quán)衡。缺貨損失對損失規(guī)避下的期權(quán)訂貨量影響較大,而對風險中性下的期權(quán)訂貨量的影響則相對較小。 本文在考慮現(xiàn)貨市場影響的情況下,構(gòu)建了處理商基于期權(quán)合同和組合合同的采購模型,并分析了決策者的風險態(tài)度對采購決策的影響,更貼近實際的決策行為,可以為基于逆向物流回收網(wǎng)絡(luò)的采購決策提供一定的決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the problem of excessive consumption of resources and environmental pollution caused by waste products is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, the problem of recycling and treatment of waste products has aroused the attention of the government and the society. At the same time, the strengthening of people's awareness of environmental protection and the strong implementation of the government's environmental protection measures have become the promotion of waste. The important factor of developing reverse logistics in the field of theory and practice.
In recent years, with the development of the concept of supply chain management and the rise of the spot market based on e-commerce, the traditional purchasing mode is changing. The idea of supply chain management makes the enterprises in the supply chain more and more mutual cooperation. The traditional purchasing mode only from the interests of the enterprises is slowly coming to the supply chain environment. In order to achieve rapid response to demand, reduce costs, reduce inventory, and achieve win-win results, the development of the spot market of E-business has changed the relationship between the supply chain enterprises and the original contract based relationship between the supply chain enterprises. A contractual relationship between the contract market and the spot market.
In the traditional research on purchasing decision of reverse logistics recycling network, most of them assume that decision-makers are risk neutral and do not take into account the influence of decision-makers' risk attitude on purchasing decision. In practice, it is found that the risk attitude of decision-makers will have an important impact on decision making, so the risk attitude of decision-makers is considered in the study. Important practical significance.
Based on the above background, the main problems of this paper are: in the electronic waste reverse logistics network composed of processors and recyclers, the purchase decision problem with the impact of spot market and the risk attitude of decision-makers is considered. The following main research work is obtained through the research review, model modeling, and real solution of the relevant literature. Research findings:
(1) the research status of reverse logistics of electronic waste, the supply chain purchase contract, the option contract, the present situation of the purchase decision under the spot market, and the research status of the decision maker's risk attitude of purchasing decision are reviewed.
(2) through the study of the option contract and the characteristics of the reverse logistics, under the influence of the spot market, the reverse supply chain purchasing model based on the option contract and the combined contract (option contract and fixed contract) is constructed under the influence of the spot market, and the Stackelberg game method is applied to the recycler. To analyze and compare the leading and processing business dominated conditions, the order quantity and contract parameters which maximize the expected profit of the supply chain are obtained. The model is verified by numerical analysis, and the effect of fixed contract, option contract and combination contract on the purchase decision of reverse supply chain is compared. The results show that the effect of the spot market is considered. In the decision making of reverse supply chain, the combination contract is superior to the fixed contract alone and the option contract alone, which can achieve the effect of supply chain coordination.
(3) taking the risk attitude of decision-makers into consideration and using the loss avoidance model in the prospect theory, a purchase model based on the option contract is constructed to study the influence parameters of the optimal order quantity under loss evasion, and the order strategy under the loss evasion and the order strategy under the risk neutral is compared and the loss avoidance degree is analyzed. The results of the study show that the order quantity of the option is closely related to the loss avoidance coefficient and the loss of the stock. The quantity of the order depends on the trade-off between the expected loss and the expected residual loss. The loss of the loss has a great influence on the order quantity of the option under the loss evasion, and the shadow of the option order under the risk neutral. The noise is relatively small.
In this paper, considering the impact of the spot market, this paper constructs a purchasing model based on the option contract and the combination contract, and analyzes the influence of the risk attitude of the decision-makers on the purchasing decision, and is closer to the actual decision-making behavior. It can provide a certain decision basis for the purchase decision based on the reverse logistics network.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274;F252;F713.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 韓瑞珠;李智;;基于雙向期權(quán)的食品供應(yīng)鏈三階段訂貨契約模型[J];東南大學學報(自然科學版);2007年S2期

2 郭瓊;楊德禮;遲國泰;;基于期權(quán)的供應(yīng)鏈契約式協(xié)調(diào)模型[J];系統(tǒng)工程;2005年10期

3 佟斌;郭瓊;潘新;;基于需求預(yù)測的供應(yīng)鏈期權(quán)式契約協(xié)調(diào)[J];系統(tǒng)工程;2006年11期

4 杜守梅;季建華;盛方正;;合同市場和現(xiàn)貨市場中的零售商最優(yōu)采購決策組合[J];工業(yè)工程;2009年01期

5 胡本勇;彭其淵;狄衛(wèi)民;;基于期權(quán)的銷售量擔保模型[J];管理工程學報;2008年02期

6 胡本勇;王性玉;彭其淵;;基于雙向期權(quán)的供應(yīng)鏈柔性契約模型[J];管理工程學報;2008年04期

7 胡本勇;雷東;陳旭;;基于收益共享與努力成本共擔的供應(yīng)鏈期權(quán)銷量擔保契約[J];管理工程學報;2010年03期

8 王文賓;達慶利;;再制造逆向供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)調(diào)的獎勵、懲罰及獎懲機制比較[J];管理工程學報;2010年04期

9 趙金實;霍佳震;趙瑩;段永瑞;;逆向主導(dǎo)型供應(yīng)鏈期權(quán)定價優(yōu)化的績效影響因素分析[J];管理工程學報;2011年01期

10 劉珩;潘景銘;唐小我;;基于損失厭惡型參與者的易逝品供應(yīng)鏈價格補貼契約研究[J];管理工程學報;2011年03期

，

本文編號：2030590