【摘要】：本文首先基于2013年國家花生產(chǎn)業(yè)體系對花生種植戶的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),對應用花生新品種所帶來的經(jīng)濟效益的變化進行了研究分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)應用花生新品種的種植戶花生收益相對較高。利用隨機前沿模型測度比較發(fā)現(xiàn)應用花生新品種的樣本種植戶的技術效率要明顯高于應用花生老品種的;在效率損失模型中,應用花生新品種對種植戶生產(chǎn)水平的提高有顯著的促進作用。本文通過建立VES生產(chǎn)函數(shù)模型計算發(fā)現(xiàn)應用花生新品種的種植戶相較于應用老品種的種植戶,在相同的資本與勞動投入下,花生產(chǎn)量有所增加,生產(chǎn)前沿面擴大;并利用資本與勞動邊際生產(chǎn)率的變化,證明應用花生新品種能夠給花生種植戶帶來非中性的勞動節(jié)約型技術進步。隨后構建超越對數(shù)生產(chǎn)函數(shù),比較分析了兩組種植戶在花生生產(chǎn)過程中種子、化肥、勞動力等投入要素的產(chǎn)出彈性,以及這些投入要素之間的替代彈性。發(fā)現(xiàn)應用花生新品種提高了種植戶大部分投入要素的產(chǎn)出彈性,并使得化肥投入對勞動力投入由替代關系轉變?yōu)榛パa關系。在應用花生新品種后,機械對其它投入要素的替代彈性值均有所增加;在普及花生新品種的同時,加大機械及相關技術設施的投入,會對勞動力產(chǎn)生明顯的替代。此外其他要素投入之間的替代彈性值也均發(fā)生了不同程度的變化,說明應用花生新品種在—定程度上起到了合理配置花生生產(chǎn)要素投入的作用。在本文研究的基礎上,對于推進花生新品種的普及提出—系列對策建議。
[Abstract]:Based on the questionnaire survey data of peanut growers conducted by the National Peanut Industry system in 2013, this paper studies and analyzes the changes of economic benefits brought by the application of new peanut varieties. It was found that peanut farmers with new peanut varieties had relatively higher peanut income. Compared with the random frontier model, it is found that the technical efficiency of the sample growers using the new peanut varieties is significantly higher than that of the old peanut varieties, and in the efficiency loss model, The application of new peanut varieties can significantly promote the improvement of farmers' production level. Through the calculation of VES production function model, it is found that the peanut yield increases and the production frontier expands under the same capital and labor input compared with the old varieties. By using the change of capital and labor marginal productivity, it is proved that the application of new peanut varieties can bring non-neutral labor-saving technological progress to peanut growers. Then, the output elasticity of seed, chemical fertilizer, labor force and the substitution elasticity between the two groups of growers in peanut production process were compared and analyzed by constructing a logarithmic production function. It is found that the application of new peanut varieties can improve the output elasticity of most input elements of farmers and change the input of chemical fertilizer to labor input from substitution relationship to complementary relationship. After the application of new peanut varieties, the value of substitution elasticity of machinery to other input elements has been increased, while popularizing new peanut varieties, increasing the input of machinery and related technical facilities will obviously replace the labor force. In addition, the value of substitution elasticity among other factors also changed in different degrees, indicating that the application of new peanut varieties played a role in rational allocation of peanut production factor input in a certain degree. On the basis of the research in this paper, a series of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the popularization of new peanut varieties.
【學位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F224;F326.12

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