湖北省荊州市農(nóng)民合作社盈余合理分配影響因素研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-08 13:16
【摘要】：隨著我國農(nóng)業(yè)市場化、社會化程度不斷加深,傳統(tǒng)的小農(nóng)經(jīng)營與社會化的大市場的矛盾日益加深,農(nóng)民合作社是在市場上處于弱勢地位的生產(chǎn)者的聯(lián)合,以自愿聯(lián)合為基礎(chǔ),平等互利為原則,繼家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制之后的又一次重大的組織創(chuàng)新,共同經(jīng)營,從而改善自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件,提高這些農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)者經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的組織。農(nóng)民合作社作為一種自愿聯(lián)合組織,其發(fā)展的直接動力即是促進(jìn)農(nóng)民合作社的發(fā)展,增加農(nóng)戶利益,從而獲得相應(yīng)的收益。農(nóng)民合作社的發(fā)展是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定程度的結(jié)果。它不僅能節(jié)約農(nóng)業(yè)支出成本,而且讓其作為農(nóng)民合作社發(fā)展資金,增強(qiáng)農(nóng)民合作社物資的積累及合作社的不斷發(fā)展。20世紀(jì)80年代以來,全國各地的農(nóng)民合作社發(fā)展迅速,分布形式多元化。農(nóng)民合作社是現(xiàn)代化的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要保證,有利于增強(qiáng)農(nóng)民組織化的程度,促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展,聯(lián)結(jié)“小農(nóng)戶”與“大市場”,提高農(nóng)民收入及發(fā)展新農(nóng)村建設(shè)重要保證。然而我國大多數(shù)農(nóng)民合作社尚處于初級發(fā)展階段,存在許多影響其發(fā)展的問題。因此,建立健全公平合理的農(nóng)民合作社的盈余分配機(jī)制有重要意義。由于相關(guān)法律沒有對農(nóng)民合作社盈余分配方式明確的規(guī)定,學(xué)術(shù)界相關(guān)學(xué)者對農(nóng)民合作社利益機(jī)制形成和經(jīng)營狀況進(jìn)行了積極探討。根據(jù)立法后我國農(nóng)民合作社的實(shí)際發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,以湖北省荊州市農(nóng)民合作社發(fā)展情況為例,運(yùn)用農(nóng)民合作社及盈余分配的相關(guān)理論,對其進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析,并通過問卷和實(shí)地訪談的形式,實(shí)證研究了湖北省荊州市農(nóng)民合作社利益機(jī)制的現(xiàn)狀、影響因素及盈余分配的情況,并在此結(jié)論上提出了相關(guān)的對策建議。在新的快速發(fā)展的社會化大市場環(huán)境下,農(nóng)民合作社促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、發(fā)展農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì),農(nóng)村的社會管理的創(chuàng)新及促進(jìn)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的有效手段之一。盈余分配機(jī)制是農(nóng)民合作社管理的核心問題,盈余分配機(jī)制的合理化直接關(guān)系著農(nóng)戶的切身利益,影響農(nóng)戶入社的積極性及對合作社的信任度,有利于合作社的發(fā)展。文章主要包括以下內(nèi)容：首先,依據(jù)農(nóng)民合作社的盈余分配理論的研究,分析了我國農(nóng)民合作社盈余分配現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題。通過整理文獻(xiàn)資料和對湖北省荊州市農(nóng)民合作社問卷調(diào)查的資料進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,結(jié)果表明,《農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社法》頒布后我國農(nóng)民合作社數(shù)量雖然急速增長、經(jīng)營范圍擴(kuò)大,但發(fā)展中的各種問題日益突出,農(nóng)民合作社在運(yùn)營管理中的股權(quán)集中、民主管理不完善等相關(guān)問題,相當(dāng)部分的農(nóng)民合作社發(fā)展能力不足。其次,根據(jù)2014年6月至12月進(jìn)行湖北省荊州市部分農(nóng)民合作社實(shí)地調(diào)研,了解到農(nóng)民合作社的迅速發(fā)展增加了農(nóng)民收入、促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,是新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的關(guān)鍵。但其出現(xiàn)的問題和現(xiàn)象也需要加以重視：當(dāng)前合作社的發(fā)展水平不一。農(nóng)民合作社的注冊資金和規(guī)模都存在不同,合作社的分布主要集中在種養(yǎng)殖業(yè),同時,合作社的創(chuàng)建方式大部分都是農(nóng)民自發(fā)組建,合作社擁有的資源,包括人力資源、資本資源及社會資源等存在不同程度的差異；有的合作社已具規(guī)模化,社員不斷增加,發(fā)展情況較好。部分合作社正在成長階段,規(guī)模較小,相關(guān)的產(chǎn)權(quán)、財(cái)務(wù)制度不完善,社員紛紛退社,有的甚至快速倒閉。這些問題和現(xiàn)象促使筆者分析研究農(nóng)民合作社盈余分配現(xiàn)狀、原因及相關(guān)對策。因此,本文以湖北省荊州市105家合作社為樣本,實(shí)證分析了合作社盈余分配機(jī)制的相關(guān)影響因素。研究結(jié)果表明：按股分紅的盈余分配機(jī)制的形成主要受政府政策、合作社異質(zhì)性、發(fā)展模式、社員代表大會的原則的影響。政府是否補(bǔ)助、普通成員是否入股、農(nóng)戶投資比例及理事會和監(jiān)事會成員如何產(chǎn)生對是否進(jìn)行盈余分配發(fā)揮了積極的引導(dǎo)作用。按交易額返還的盈余分配機(jī)制的影響因素有：政府政策、合作社異質(zhì)性、發(fā)展模式、農(nóng)戶投資比例,普通成員是否入股、公積金是否量化到個人、理事會和監(jiān)事會的產(chǎn)生方式、理事會成員的構(gòu)成及社員代表大會的原則。因此,合作社自身的組織結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)及治理機(jī)制都對合作社的盈余分配的選擇方式有重大的影響作用。最后,依據(jù)實(shí)證研究結(jié)果,從農(nóng)民合作社內(nèi)部產(chǎn)權(quán)設(shè)置、監(jiān)督管理、治理結(jié)構(gòu)、合作社社員和管理人員素質(zhì)及政府補(bǔ)助五個方面進(jìn)行分析,提出了農(nóng)民合作社盈余分配制度的相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the marketization of agriculture and the deepening of socialization in China, the contradiction between traditional small-scale peasant management and the socialized big market is deepening day by day. Peasant cooperatives are the union of the producers in the weak position in the market. They are once again important after the household contract responsibility system based on voluntary union and equality and mutual benefit. Organizational innovation and co-operation can improve their own economic conditions and enhance the economic status of these agricultural producers. As a voluntary joint organization, the direct driving force of the development of farmers'cooperatives is to promote the development of farmers' cooperatives, increase the interests of farmers, and thus obtain corresponding benefits. Agricultural production and market economy have developed to a certain extent. It can not only save the cost of agricultural expenditure, but also make it as the fund for the development of farmers'cooperatives, and enhance the accumulation of materials and the continuous development of farmers' cooperatives. Cooperatives are an important guarantee for the development of modern agriculture, which is conducive to enhancing the degree of farmers'organization, promoting the development of agricultural production, linking the "small farmers" with the "big market", improving farmers' income and developing new rural construction. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish and improve a fair and reasonable surplus distribution mechanism for farmers'cooperatives. Since the relevant laws have not clearly defined the surplus distribution mode of farmers' cooperatives, relevant scholars in the academic circles have actively discussed the formation and operation of the benefit mechanism of farmers'cooperatives. Taking the actual development of farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province as an example, this paper uses the relevant theories of farmers' cooperatives and surplus distribution to make a correlation analysis, and through questionnaires and field interviews, makes an empirical study of the current situation, influencing factors and surplus points of the interests mechanism of farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province. Under the new fast developing socialized market environment, the farmer cooperatives promote the increase of farmers'income, the development of agriculture, the development of rural collective economy, the innovation of rural social management and the promotion of new rural construction. The rationalization of earnings distribution mechanism is directly related to the vital interests of farmers, affects the enthusiasm of farmers to join the cooperative and the degree of trust in cooperatives, which is conducive to the development of cooperatives. The results show that although the number of peasant cooperatives has increased rapidly and the scope of operation has expanded rapidly after the promulgation of the Law on Peasant Professional Cooperatives, various problems have become increasingly prominent in the development of peasant cooperatives. Secondly, according to the field survey of some farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province from June to December 2014, it is known that the rapid development of farmers' cooperatives has increased farmers'income and promoted local economy. Economic development is the key to the construction of the new countryside. However, the problems and phenomena need to be paid attention to: the current level of development of cooperatives is not the same. The registered funds and scale of farmers'cooperatives are different. The distribution of cooperatives is mainly concentrated in the breeding industry. At the same time, most of the cooperatives are created spontaneously by farmers. Cooperatives have different levels of resources, including human resources, capital resources and social resources; some cooperatives have become large-scale, the number of members is increasing, and the development is better. These problems and phenomena urge the author to analyze and study the current situation, causes and relevant countermeasures of the surplus distribution of farmers'cooperatives. Therefore, this paper takes 105 cooperatives in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province as a sample, empirically analyzes the relevant influencing factors of the surplus distribution mechanism of cooperatives. The government policy, the heterogeneity of cooperatives, the development model, and the principles of the Congress of members have played a positive role in guiding the distribution of earnings. The government policy, the heterogeneity of cooperatives, the development model, the proportion of farmers'investment, whether the ordinary members join the stock market, whether the accumulation fund is quantified to individuals, the way the board of directors and the board of supervisors come into being, the composition of the members of the board of directors and the principles of the members' congress. Finally, according to the results of empirical research, this paper analyzes the internal property rights setting, supervision and management, governance structure, the quality of cooperative members and managers and government subsidies, and puts forward relevant policy recommendations on the surplus distribution system of farmers'cooperatives.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.42
本文編號：2230631
[Abstract]:With the marketization of agriculture and the deepening of socialization in China, the contradiction between traditional small-scale peasant management and the socialized big market is deepening day by day. Peasant cooperatives are the union of the producers in the weak position in the market. They are once again important after the household contract responsibility system based on voluntary union and equality and mutual benefit. Organizational innovation and co-operation can improve their own economic conditions and enhance the economic status of these agricultural producers. As a voluntary joint organization, the direct driving force of the development of farmers'cooperatives is to promote the development of farmers' cooperatives, increase the interests of farmers, and thus obtain corresponding benefits. Agricultural production and market economy have developed to a certain extent. It can not only save the cost of agricultural expenditure, but also make it as the fund for the development of farmers'cooperatives, and enhance the accumulation of materials and the continuous development of farmers' cooperatives. Cooperatives are an important guarantee for the development of modern agriculture, which is conducive to enhancing the degree of farmers'organization, promoting the development of agricultural production, linking the "small farmers" with the "big market", improving farmers' income and developing new rural construction. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish and improve a fair and reasonable surplus distribution mechanism for farmers'cooperatives. Since the relevant laws have not clearly defined the surplus distribution mode of farmers' cooperatives, relevant scholars in the academic circles have actively discussed the formation and operation of the benefit mechanism of farmers'cooperatives. Taking the actual development of farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province as an example, this paper uses the relevant theories of farmers' cooperatives and surplus distribution to make a correlation analysis, and through questionnaires and field interviews, makes an empirical study of the current situation, influencing factors and surplus points of the interests mechanism of farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province. Under the new fast developing socialized market environment, the farmer cooperatives promote the increase of farmers'income, the development of agriculture, the development of rural collective economy, the innovation of rural social management and the promotion of new rural construction. The rationalization of earnings distribution mechanism is directly related to the vital interests of farmers, affects the enthusiasm of farmers to join the cooperative and the degree of trust in cooperatives, which is conducive to the development of cooperatives. The results show that although the number of peasant cooperatives has increased rapidly and the scope of operation has expanded rapidly after the promulgation of the Law on Peasant Professional Cooperatives, various problems have become increasingly prominent in the development of peasant cooperatives. Secondly, according to the field survey of some farmers'cooperatives in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province from June to December 2014, it is known that the rapid development of farmers' cooperatives has increased farmers'income and promoted local economy. Economic development is the key to the construction of the new countryside. However, the problems and phenomena need to be paid attention to: the current level of development of cooperatives is not the same. The registered funds and scale of farmers'cooperatives are different. The distribution of cooperatives is mainly concentrated in the breeding industry. At the same time, most of the cooperatives are created spontaneously by farmers. Cooperatives have different levels of resources, including human resources, capital resources and social resources; some cooperatives have become large-scale, the number of members is increasing, and the development is better. These problems and phenomena urge the author to analyze and study the current situation, causes and relevant countermeasures of the surplus distribution of farmers'cooperatives. Therefore, this paper takes 105 cooperatives in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province as a sample, empirically analyzes the relevant influencing factors of the surplus distribution mechanism of cooperatives. The government policy, the heterogeneity of cooperatives, the development model, and the principles of the Congress of members have played a positive role in guiding the distribution of earnings. The government policy, the heterogeneity of cooperatives, the development model, the proportion of farmers'investment, whether the ordinary members join the stock market, whether the accumulation fund is quantified to individuals, the way the board of directors and the board of supervisors come into being, the composition of the members of the board of directors and the principles of the members' congress. Finally, according to the results of empirical research, this paper analyzes the internal property rights setting, supervision and management, governance structure, the quality of cooperative members and managers and government subsidies, and puts forward relevant policy recommendations on the surplus distribution system of farmers'cooperatives.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.42
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