【摘要】：奶牛養(yǎng)殖業(yè)現(xiàn)如今已經(jīng)成為我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。奶牛業(yè)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,對改善農(nóng)牧民的收入,加快農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整發(fā)揮著重要作用。沈陽市作為遼寧省牛奶的主產(chǎn)地,其奶業(yè)的發(fā)展對遼寧省奶業(yè)的發(fā)展有著重要的意義。本文通過走訪問卷調(diào)研的方式收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),再結(jié)合近些年的歷史資料,分析得出沈陽市奶牛業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀及制約其發(fā)展的相關(guān)因素,進(jìn)而提出解決對策。目前,沈陽市奶牛存欄數(shù)為15.4萬頭,年產(chǎn)奶量為50.8萬噸,人均牛奶占有量60.1千克。全市超過7成的奶牛都集中在法庫、新民、沈北三個(gè)地區(qū),通過對這三個(gè)地區(qū)的三種不同奶牛養(yǎng)殖模式(散戶養(yǎng)殖、養(yǎng)殖小區(qū)、規(guī)�；翀�)的對比分析。研究得出沈陽市奶牛業(yè)發(fā)展過程中存在的問題：(1)良種奶牛數(shù)量不足,乳業(yè)發(fā)展不均衡；(2)優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草不足,飼料搭配不合理； (3)飼料成本增加,棄養(yǎng)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重；(4)奶牛疾病防治體系落后,疾病治療成本高；(5)生奶價(jià)格偏低,養(yǎng)殖奶牛熱情下降；(6)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條利益分配不合理；(7)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管不力,牛奶定價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)未與國際接軌；(8)倒奶補(bǔ)償機(jī)制不完善,奶農(nóng)效益無保證；(9)收散奶現(xiàn)象依然存在,洋品牌的沖擊影響巨大；(10)養(yǎng)殖戶自身存在的問題。并針對以上問題,提出解決對策：(1)加強(qiáng)育種工作,提高奶農(nóng)飼養(yǎng)水平；(2)完善相關(guān)政策,加強(qiáng)奶牛疾病的防疫工作；(3)改善粗飼料品質(zhì)；(4)規(guī)范牛奶收購價(jià)格及管理；(5)加大乳品安全及市場的監(jiān)管力度；(6)加強(qiáng)對龍頭企業(yè)的推廣宣傳力度
[Abstract]:Dairy cattle farming industry has become one of the important industries of our national economy. The sustainable and healthy development of dairy industry plays an important role in improving the income of farmers and herdsmen and accelerating the adjustment of rural industrial structure. As the main producing area of milk in Liaoning Province, the development of Shenyang's dairy industry is of great significance to the development of Liaoning's milk industry. This paper collects the relevant data through the way of questionnaire investigation and combines with the historical data in recent years to analyze the present situation of the development of dairy cattle industry in Shenyang and the relevant factors that restrict the development of dairy cattle industry in Shenyang and then put forward the countermeasures to solve the problem. At present, the number of dairy cows in Shenyang is 154000, the annual milk production is 508000 tons, and the per capita milk possession is 60.1 kg. More than 70% of the cows in the whole city are concentrated in Faku, Xinmin and Shenbei. Through the comparative analysis of three different dairy breeding modes (individual farming, farming community, large-scale pasture) in these three areas. The problems existed in the development of dairy cattle industry in Shenyang were obtained as follows: (1) the number of improved dairy cows was insufficient and the development of dairy industry was not balanced; (2) the quality of forage was insufficient and the feed collocation was unreasonable; (3) the cost of feed increased and the phenomenon of abandonment was serious. (4) the disease prevention and treatment system of dairy cattle is backward and the cost of disease treatment is high; (5) the price of raw milk is on the low side, and the enthusiasm of raising dairy cows is decreased; (6) the distribution of benefits in the industrial chain is unreasonable; (7) the product quality supervision is weak and the price standard of milk is not in line with the international standard. (8) the compensation mechanism of feeding milk is not perfect, and the benefit of dairy farmers is not guaranteed; (9) the phenomenon of collecting and dispersing milk still exists, and the impact of foreign brands is great; (10) the problems of farmers themselves. In view of the above problems, some countermeasures are put forward: (1) to strengthen breeding work and raise the raising level of dairy farmers; (2) to perfect the relevant policies to strengthen the prevention of dairy cow disease; (3) to improve the quality of crude feed; (4) to standardize the purchase price and management of milk; (5) strengthen dairy safety and market supervision; (6) strengthen the promotion and publicity of leading enterprises
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 宋富琴;史貴麗;殷敏麗;;我國奶業(yè)發(fā)展形勢與策略分析[J];當(dāng)代畜牧;2008年06期

2 孔祥智;鐘真;;中國奶業(yè)組織模式研究(三)[J];中國乳業(yè);2009年06期

3 丁力;我國畜牧業(yè)面臨的形勢與發(fā)展思路[J];中國牧業(yè)通訊;1999年12期

4 王鐵靈;中國奶業(yè)現(xiàn)狀[J];中國牧業(yè)通訊;2002年02期

5 張曉明;我國奶牛養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的現(xiàn)實(shí)分析和發(fā)展對策[J];農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場周刊;2004年42期

6 朱國興;馮大興;李洪根;;遼寧省奶源供給情況調(diào)研報(bào)告[J];現(xiàn)代畜牧獸醫(yī);2011年12期

7 馮啟;;借鑒新西蘭乳業(yè)發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)推進(jìn)中國乳業(yè)又好又快發(fā)展[J];農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)與裝備;2011年03期

8 馮艷秋 ,趙京頤;遼寧省奶牛生產(chǎn)情況與發(fā)展形勢分析——訪遼寧省畜牧局局長宋樹才[J];中國乳業(yè);2002年09期

9 王德;王琪瑞;;中國北方奶牛業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢[J];畜牧與飼料科學(xué);2010年Z1期

10 顏景辰;中國奶業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和前景展望[J];世界農(nóng)業(yè);2004年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊建青;中國奶業(yè)原料奶生產(chǎn)組織模式及效率研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2009年

2 李棟;中國奶牛養(yǎng)殖模式及其效率研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 李寶柱;中國奶牛中小規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖模式研究[D];對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué);2004年

2 鄧穎杰;中國乳制品業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];廈門大學(xué);2007年

3 張艷明;呼和浩特地區(qū)奶業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：2223786