【摘要】：農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)是農(nóng)村人口生活與生產(chǎn)的空間單元,是由房屋、道路、植被和一些公共設(shè)施共同構(gòu)成的綜合體[1],是在特定的地理環(huán)境和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下人類活動(dòng)與自然條件相互作用的綜合產(chǎn)物,其變化受自然、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政策制度等的影響與制約。對(duì)于自然條件相似的區(qū)域,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件和政策是影響農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)變化的主要原因。因此,不同經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的區(qū)域其變化規(guī)律和驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制也存在很大不同。目前,有關(guān)研究不足,加強(qiáng)不同經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)用地時(shí)空演變研究,有助于了解農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)變化規(guī)律,對(duì)其農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)因地制宜地進(jìn)行規(guī)模控制、布局優(yōu)化及新農(nóng)村建設(shè)等具有重要的意義。本文以河南省兩個(gè)典型的農(nóng)業(yè)縣(沈丘縣)和工業(yè)縣(項(xiàng)城市)為研究區(qū),以2000-2013年農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)時(shí)空演變規(guī)律為研究對(duì)象,在對(duì)變化數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析的基礎(chǔ)上,以GIS空間分析為技術(shù)主線,利用空間分析指標(biāo)對(duì)河南省農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)演變特征情況進(jìn)行分析和對(duì)比。由于兩個(gè)縣自然條件基本一致,所以本文主要從社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件驅(qū)動(dòng)力方面進(jìn)行定性和定量描述,深入分析社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)類型不同的縣級(jí)居民點(diǎn)的驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制。其研究結(jié)果為:(1)在時(shí)空演變上,農(nóng)業(yè)縣和工業(yè)縣的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)規(guī)模有不同特征及變化規(guī)律。從人均農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)用地水平來(lái)看,二者相差不多,但從增幅來(lái)看,項(xiàng)城市農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)用地平均水平增加的明顯大于沈丘縣。農(nóng)業(yè)縣和工業(yè)縣的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)變化程度差異明顯。從整體來(lái)對(duì)比兩個(gè)典型縣,發(fā)現(xiàn)該時(shí)期變化量和變化幅度相差不多,但各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)變化卻有較大差異,項(xiàng)城市各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)變化量和變化幅度較均勻,差異不大,而沈丘縣部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)變化幅度非常大,大部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)變化幅度偏小。農(nóng)業(yè)縣和工業(yè)縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)變化速度整體上差異不大,但在各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)普遍性上來(lái)看卻存在較大差異。農(nóng)業(yè)縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整體規(guī)模小于工業(yè)縣,但其變化速度基本一致。(2)在驅(qū)動(dòng)力方面,結(jié)合沈丘縣和項(xiàng)城市農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)空間布局變化的特點(diǎn),定性分析社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)驅(qū)動(dòng)力可歸結(jié)為人口因素、經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)化和工業(yè)化、交通和區(qū)域城鎮(zhèn)的輻射因素等方面。從相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果得出:整體來(lái)說(shuō),沈丘縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)各驅(qū)動(dòng)力因子之間存在高度的相關(guān)性。而項(xiàng)城市農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)各驅(qū)動(dòng)力因子的相關(guān)性整體小于沈丘縣,還包括一些相關(guān)性比較小的因子。從主成分分析結(jié)果得出:沈丘縣和項(xiàng)城市農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)演變的驅(qū)動(dòng)力的相似之處是兩個(gè)縣居民點(diǎn)的驅(qū)動(dòng)力都包含經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,主要體現(xiàn)在GDP、固定資產(chǎn)投資、第二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)生產(chǎn)總值、農(nóng)林牧漁業(yè)總產(chǎn)值的增加等方面。不同之處是沈丘縣作為典型的農(nóng)業(yè)型縣,農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的發(fā)展主要依靠農(nóng)民生活水平的提高和耕地的增加,而項(xiàng)城市作為典型的工業(yè)型縣,其驅(qū)動(dòng)力主要來(lái)源于產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變和城鄉(xiāng)一體化的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Rural settlements are the living and production space units of the rural population. They are made up of houses, roads, The complex of vegetation and some public facilities, [1] is a composite product of the interaction of human activities with natural conditions in a given geographical environment and socio-economic context, and its changes are subject to nature, social and economic changes, The influence and restriction of policy system and so on. For areas with similar natural conditions, social and economic conditions and policies are the main reasons for the change of rural settlements. Therefore, the law of change and driving mechanism of different economic conditions are also very different. At present, the lack of relevant research, strengthening the study of space-time evolution of rural residential land under different economic conditions is helpful to understand the law of rural residential land change and to control the scale of rural residential areas in accordance with local conditions. Layout optimization and new rural construction are of great significance. In this paper, two typical agricultural counties (Shenqiu county) and industrial counties (cities) in Henan Province are taken as the research areas, and the space-time evolution law of rural residential areas from 2000 to 2013 is taken as the research object. On the basis of comparative analysis of the change data, Taking spatial analysis of GIS as the main technical thread, the evolution characteristics of rural residential areas in Henan Province were analyzed and compared by using spatial analysis index. Because the natural conditions of the two counties are basically the same, this paper mainly describes the driving force of social and economic conditions qualitatively and quantitatively, and deeply analyzes the driving mechanism of different types of social and economic county settlements. The results are as follows: (1) the scale of rural residential areas in agricultural counties and industrial counties has different characteristics and changes in space-time evolution. From the point of view of per capita rural residential land level, the difference between the two is not much, but in terms of the increase, the average level of rural residential land increase is obviously larger than that of Shenqiu county. The change degree of rural residential area of agricultural county and industrial county is obvious difference. Comparing the two typical counties as a whole, it is found that there is not much difference in the amount and range of changes in this period, but there are great differences in the changes of each town and town. The change amount and range of each township in the city is more uniform and the difference is not significant. In Shenqiu County, the range of changes in some villages and towns is very large, and the range of changes in most villages and towns is small. The change rate of rural residential area in agricultural county and industrial county is not different as a whole, but there is great difference in the universality of each township. The overall scale of rural residential area in agricultural county is smaller than that in industrial county, but its changing speed is basically the same. (2) in terms of driving force, combining with the characteristics of spatial distribution change of residential area in Shenqiu County and Xiangcheng City, The qualitative analysis of social and economic driving forces can be attributed to population factors, economic factors, urbanization and industrialization in rural areas, traffic and radiation factors of regional towns and so on. From the correlation analysis results: overall, there is a high correlation among the driving forces of the rural residential areas in Shenqiu County. The correlation of driving force factors in rural and urban settlements is smaller than that in Shenqiu county, and it also includes some relatively small correlation factors. From the results of principal component analysis, it is concluded that the driving force of the evolution of the residential areas in Shenqiu County and Xiangcheng City is that the driving forces of the residential areas in the two counties include economic development, mainly reflected in GDP, fixed assets investment, second, The gross output value of three industries, agriculture, forestry, pastoral and fishery output value increased and so on. The difference is that Shenqiu County is a typical agricultural county, the development of rural residential areas mainly depends on the improvement of farmers' living standards and the increase of cultivated land, while the city is a typical industrial county. Its driving force mainly comes from the change of industrial structure and the development of urban and rural integration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.2

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