【摘要】：人多地少,耕地后備資源不足,是我國的基本國情。要實現(xiàn)耕地總量動態(tài)平衡,保障國家糧食安全,必須依靠耕地后備資源。部分耕地后備資源開發(fā)存在較大的生態(tài)風(fēng)險和政策風(fēng)險,需要對其進行分析研究,以確認可開墾耕地后備資源數(shù)量。本文以湖南省為研究區(qū)域,根據(jù)地貌類型,劃分區(qū)域,在各區(qū)選取長沙縣、衡陽縣、湘潭縣、湘陰縣、沅江市、漢壽縣、中方縣、武岡市和新田縣九個樣點縣市,依據(jù)其耕地后備資源調(diào)查與評價成果,分析耕地后備資源的限制因素,測算可開墾耕地后備資源數(shù)量;并在分析可墾耕地后備資源的基礎(chǔ)上,研究分析耕地后備資源的供需平衡,提出保護可墾耕地后備資源的相應(yīng)意見與措施,實現(xiàn)耕地后備資源的可持續(xù)利用。為最終確定耕地開墾費標(biāo)準(zhǔn),從經(jīng)濟上實施最嚴格的耕地保護制度提供依據(jù)和保障。本文主要內(nèi)容分為以下四個部分:首先,對湖南省耕地后備資源現(xiàn)狀進行簡要概述。從耕地后備資源的構(gòu)成、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量以及分布上,淺析湖南省耕地后備資源狀況,并分析耕地后備資源各限制性因素,為可開墾耕地后備資源測算提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和理論支撐。其次,可開墾耕地后備資源測算分析。通過對耕地后備資源限制性因素的分析,運用樣點分析法,測算樣點縣可開墾耕地后備資源,通過樣點縣測算結(jié)果計算耕地后備資源可開墾耕地系數(shù),得到剔除各限制性因素后各地形地貌區(qū)耕地后備資源可開墾系數(shù),測算并分析湖南省可開墾耕地后備資源數(shù)量及質(zhì)量。再次,測算新增有效耕地面積。通過分析可開墾耕地后備資源開發(fā)后地類組成,測算不同地形地貌區(qū)新增有效耕地面積系數(shù),最終測得全省各地形地貌區(qū)新增有效耕地面積。最后,分析耕地后備資源供需平衡。通過分析湖南省建設(shè)占用耕地的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量狀況,對未來我省建設(shè)占用耕地情況進行預(yù)測,測算新增有效耕地面積在數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和類型上的供求平衡。綜合剔除土地規(guī)劃、生態(tài)建設(shè)、土地污染、自然條件四項限制性因素后,測算出湖南省可開墾的耕地后備資源總量和新增有效耕地面積。根據(jù)預(yù)測年均建設(shè)占用耕地數(shù)量,計算耕地后備資源開發(fā)補充耕地數(shù)量可供占補平衡的年限。結(jié)果顯示,建設(shè)占用優(yōu)等耕地、高等耕地均無法通過對耕地后備資源開發(fā)補充耕地實現(xiàn)質(zhì)量平衡,建設(shè)占用中、低等耕地質(zhì)量平衡年限均大于數(shù)量平衡年限。
[Abstract]:More people and less land, arable land reserve resources are insufficient, is the basic national conditions of our country. In order to realize the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land and guarantee the national food security, we must rely on the cultivated land reserve resources. There are large ecological risks and policy risks in the development of some cultivated land reserve resources, which need to be analyzed and studied in order to confirm the amount of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research area, divides the area according to the landform type, selects Changsha County, Hengyang County, Xiangtan County, Xiangyin County, Yuanjiang City, Hanshou County, Zhongfang County, Wugang City and Xintian County nine sample counties and cities in each district, According to the results of investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, this paper analyzes the limiting factors of cultivated land reserve resources, calculates the number of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources, and analyzes the reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources. This paper studies and analyzes the balance of supply and demand of cultivated land reserve resources, puts forward the corresponding opinions and measures to protect reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources, and realizes the sustainable utilization of cultivated land reserve resources. In order to determine the standard of cultivated land reclamation fee and implement the strictest cultivated land protection system economically, it provides the basis and guarantee. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the current situation of cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province is briefly summarized. Based on the composition, quantity, quality and distribution of cultivated land reserve resources, this paper analyzes the situation of cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province, and analyzes the restrictive factors of cultivated land reserve resources, which provides basic data and theoretical support for the calculation of arable land reserve resources. Secondly, the reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources calculation and analysis. By analyzing the restrictive factors of cultivated land reserve resources, using the method of sample point analysis, this paper calculates the cultivated land reserve resources of the sample counties, and calculates the coefficient of arable land reserve resources reclaimed by the results of the calculation of the sample counties. The coefficient of arable land reserve resources reclamation was obtained after eliminating the restrictive factors, and the quantity and quality of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province were calculated and analyzed. Third, calculate the area of new effective cultivated land. Based on the analysis of the land composition after the development of the reserve resources of reclaimed arable land, the new effective cultivated land area coefficient of different topographic and geomorphological areas was calculated, and finally the new effective cultivated land area of each topographic and geomorphological area of the province was measured. Finally, the balance of supply and demand of cultivated land reserve resources is analyzed. By analyzing the quantity and quality of cultivated land occupied by construction in Hunan Province, this paper forecasts the situation of cultivated land occupied by construction in Hunan Province in the future, and calculates the balance of supply and demand in quantity, quality and type of new effective cultivated land. After comprehensive elimination of four restrictive factors such as land planning, ecological construction, land pollution and natural conditions, the total amount of arable land reserve resources and the new effective cultivated land area for reclaimed land in Hunan Province were calculated. Based on the prediction of the amount of cultivated land occupied by construction in the average year, the number of years in which the amount of cultivated land can be occupied and replenished by the development of reserve resources of cultivated land is calculated. The results showed that the quality balance of cultivated land could not be achieved by the development of cultivated land reserve resources, and the quality balance of low cultivated land in construction occupation was longer than that of quantity balance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.211

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