發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-03 14:21

  本文選題：農(nóng)戶生態(tài)足跡 + 生態(tài)承載力　； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國人口增長、工業(yè)化和城市化的迅速發(fā)展,人與自然環(huán)境的關(guān)系日趨緊張,制約了我國人口、資源、環(huán)境與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。我國農(nóng)村人口比重大,農(nóng)村是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)持續(xù)發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)區(qū)域。因此,研究農(nóng)村農(nóng)戶生態(tài)足跡及其影響因子,對減緩農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)和生活消費(fèi)對生態(tài)環(huán)境的壓力,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文通過入戶問卷調(diào)查方式進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查,了解應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的基本生產(chǎn)、消費(fèi)及能源使用等情況,從農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)水平、收入差異入手,應(yīng)用生態(tài)足跡方法分析農(nóng)戶的生產(chǎn)生態(tài)足跡和消費(fèi)生態(tài)足跡的組成,研究農(nóng)戶生態(tài)足跡及其與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、生活和能源消耗之間的關(guān)系,評價(jià)生態(tài)盈虧現(xiàn)狀,分析農(nóng)戶生態(tài)足跡的影響因子。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的生產(chǎn)生態(tài)足跡占總生態(tài)足跡的79.85%,其中化肥生態(tài)足跡占總生態(tài)足跡的73.74%。表明大黃巍鄉(xiāng)是一個(gè)典型的農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū),農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)消耗了大部分農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源。(2)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的可耕地生態(tài)足跡占生產(chǎn)生態(tài)足跡的99.60%,化石能源地生態(tài)足跡僅為0.40%。表明大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平比較低,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)以傳統(tǒng)耕作方式為主。(3)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)消費(fèi)項(xiàng)目中的化肥生態(tài)足跡的比例最大,為92.35%;其次是農(nóng)藥生態(tài)足跡,占6.55%;農(nóng)業(yè)用水和農(nóng)用柴油生態(tài)足跡的比例分別為0.70%、0.39%;微耕機(jī)汽油生態(tài)足跡最小,為0.01%。主要是由于大黃巍鄉(xiāng)以種植業(yè)為主,農(nóng)戶耕地面積大,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中投入的化肥、農(nóng)藥多。(4)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的消費(fèi)生態(tài)足跡中,食物生態(tài)足跡占總消費(fèi)生態(tài)足跡的比例最大,為86.85%,其次是直接能源和建筑生態(tài)足跡,分別為10.63%、2.51%。表明大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的生活水平較低,大部分農(nóng)業(yè)資源主要用于解決農(nóng)民的溫飽問題。(5)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的人均消費(fèi)生態(tài)足跡為1.5218gha。人均消費(fèi)生態(tài)足跡中:可耕地為1.3164gha,牧草地為0.0055gha,化石能源地為0.1618gha,建筑用地為0.0381gha;人均生態(tài)足跡中可耕地生態(tài)足跡的比例最大,占總生態(tài)足跡的96.96%。主要是由于可耕地的經(jīng)營不僅為大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶供給糧食、蔬菜等生活的消費(fèi)品,而且是當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入來源。(6)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)平均收入階層農(nóng)戶的平均生態(tài)足跡為8.47gha,較低收入階層農(nóng)戶的人均生態(tài)足跡最大,為12.46gha,小康收入階層農(nóng)戶的人均生態(tài)足跡最小,為6.47gha。各階層農(nóng)戶總生態(tài)足跡為7117.1685gha,較低收入階層農(nóng)戶的總生態(tài)足跡最大,為1994.3568gha,小康收入階層農(nóng)戶的總生態(tài)足跡最小,為200.5452gha。(7)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶的人均生態(tài)承載力為6.86gha,人均生態(tài)足跡為7.55gha。區(qū)域生態(tài)承載力小于生態(tài)足跡,為生態(tài)赤字,農(nóng)戶人均生態(tài)赤字為0.69gha。表明大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)活動的負(fù)荷超過了其生態(tài)環(huán)境承載力。(8)應(yīng)縣大黃巍鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶人均生態(tài)足跡的主要影響因子是農(nóng)戶總?cè)丝跀?shù)、農(nóng)戶務(wù)農(nóng)人數(shù)、農(nóng)戶耕地面積、農(nóng)戶擁有房間數(shù)。農(nóng)戶人均生產(chǎn)足跡的主要影響因子是農(nóng)戶務(wù)農(nóng)人數(shù)、農(nóng)戶耕地面積、農(nóng)戶擁有房間數(shù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's population, industrialization and urbanization, the relationship between human and natural environment is becoming increasingly tense, which restricts the continuous and coordinated development of China's population, resources, environment and social economy. China's rural population is very important, and the rural is the key area for the coordinated and sustainable development of our country's economy. Therefore, the ecological footprint of rural households is studied and the ecological footprint of rural households is studied. The influence factor is of great significance to mitigate the pressure of rural production and living consumption to the ecological environment and realize the coordinated and sustained development of rural economy. Through the household questionnaire survey, this paper makes a field survey to understand the basic production, consumption and use of energy sources in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei Township, from the production and consumption level of farmers. The ecological footprint of farmers and the composition of ecological footprint are analyzed with the method of ecological footprint. The relationship between farmers' ecological footprint and its relationship with agricultural production, life and energy consumption is studied, the current situation of ecological profit and loss is evaluated, and the factors affecting the ecological footprint of farmers are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Yingxian County Dahuang Wei Township The ecological footprint of farmers accounts for 79.85% of the total ecological footprint, of which the ecological footprint of chemical fertilizer accounts for 73.74%. of the total ecological footprint, which indicates that the Huhuang Wei township is a typical agricultural area, and the agricultural production consumes most of the agricultural natural resources. (2) the ecological footprint of the cultivated land of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village accounts for 99.60% of the ecological footprint of the production, and the fossil energy land The ecological footprint is only 0.40%. indicating that the agricultural modernization level of the rhubarb village is relatively low, and the agricultural production is dominated by traditional farming methods. (3) the proportion of the ecological footprint of chemical fertilizer in the agricultural production and consumption projects in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei township is the largest, which is 92.35%, followed by the ecological footprint of pesticides, 6.55%, and the ratio of agricultural water to the ecological footprint of agricultural diesel. The examples are 0.70%, 0.39% respectively. The ecological footprint of the gasoline in the micro tillage machine is the smallest. The main reason is that the 0.01%. is mainly due to the planting industry in the rhubarb village, the farmer's arable land is large, the fertilizer and the pesticide are more in the agricultural production. (4) in the ecological footprint of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village, the proportion of the food raw footprints to the total consumption ecological footprint is the largest, which is 86.85%. The second is the direct energy and the ecological footprint of the building, respectively, 10.63%. 2.51%. shows that the living standard of the farmers in the rhubarb village is low. Most of the agricultural resources are mainly used to solve the problem of farmers' food and clothing. (5) the ecological footprint of the per capita consumption of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village is in the 1.5218gha. per capita ecological footprint: the cultivated land is 1.3164gha, and the pasture land is 0. .0055gha, the fossil energy land is 0.1618gha, the construction land is 0.0381gha, the ecological footprint of the per capita ecological footprint is the largest, and the 96.96%. of the total ecological footprint is mainly due to the arable land management not only for the food, vegetable and other consumer goods, but also the main source of economic income of the local farmers. 6) the average ecological footprint of the average income class farmers in the Yingxian County Dahuang village is 8.47gha, and the per capita ecological footprint of the lower income class farmers is the largest, which is 12.46gha. The average ecological footprint of the well-off income class farmers is the smallest, and the total ecological footprint of the households of all classes of 6.47gha. is 7117.1685gha, and the total ecological footprint of the lower income class farmers is the largest. For 1994.3568gha, the total ecological footprint of the well-off income class farmers is the smallest, and the per capita ecological carrying capacity of 200.5452gha. (7) Yingxian County rhubarb rural households is 6.86gha. The ecological carrying capacity of the per capita ecological footprint is less than the ecological footprint, which is the ecological deficit. The per capita ecological deficit of the farmers is 0.69gha., which indicates the production and elimination of the farmers in the rhubarb village. The load of the cost activity exceeds its ecological environment carrying capacity. (8) the main factors affecting the per capita ecological footprint of farmers in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei township are the total number of farmers, the number of peasant households, the area of farmers' arable land, the number of households owned by the farmers. The main factors affecting the per capita production footprint of farmers are the number of farmers, the area of farmers' cultivated land, and the ownership of farmers. The number of rooms.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F327;X22

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