本文選題：滇西邊境山區(qū)　切入點：多維貧困　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：滇西邊境山區(qū)是國家新一輪扶貧開發(fā)攻堅戰(zhàn)主戰(zhàn)場中邊境縣數(shù)量和世居少數(shù)民族最多的集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)。對滇西邊境山區(qū)的貧困狀況從多維度進行評估和監(jiān)測,是扶貧開發(fā)工作的重要組成部分。通過測度評估,掌握農(nóng)村居民各方面生產(chǎn)生活狀況,分解判斷各方面需求的迫切程度,不僅能為精準(zhǔn)扶貧的反貧困政策制定提供參考依據(jù),也能為監(jiān)測和評估反貧困成果提供方法。 本研究首先從維度的選取和多維貧困指數(shù)的選取兩條主線梳理了貧困測度的方法,總結(jié)了不同的測度指標(biāo)并橫向比較各指標(biāo)的優(yōu)劣；之后,進一步選用“Alkire—Foster方法”,以抽樣調(diào)查獲取數(shù)據(jù),對滇西邊境山區(qū)住房、教育、醫(yī)療保障、電力、交通、飲用水、生活能源、衛(wèi)生設(shè)施和信息技術(shù)這9個維度進行多維貧困測度。對102個樣本進行多維貧困測算結(jié)果顯示,當(dāng)K=1時(即只考慮任意一個維度的貧困狀況時),貧困發(fā)生率為77.5%,說明絕大多數(shù)家庭還處在至少一個維度上的貧困狀態(tài)。而隨著著K取值增加,即考慮更多維度狀況時,貧困發(fā)生率隨之下降；當(dāng)K取1、2、3時,多維貧困指數(shù)分別為0.147、0.105和0.048,都高于權(quán)威學(xué)者測度的2009年的全國水平；當(dāng)K=4時,多維貧困指數(shù)為0.009；而當(dāng)K≥5時,指數(shù)數(shù)值為0。說明隨著考慮的維度的增加,滇西邊境山區(qū)的貧困狀況明顯降低,而且?guī)缀醪淮嬖?個以上維度同時貧困的現(xiàn)象。將多維貧困指數(shù)按維度分解,發(fā)現(xiàn)片區(qū)農(nóng)村家庭目前仍然存在著不同維度的貧困,其中生活能源、住房和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施對多維貧困指數(shù)的貢獻最大；將多維貧困指數(shù)按地區(qū)分解,發(fā)現(xiàn)對多維貧困指數(shù)貢獻率最高的地區(qū)主要為大理、怒江和西雙版納。 回顧整個研究,本文得出以下基本結(jié)論：第一,貧困測度應(yīng)當(dāng)從多維方向進行,目前以人均純收入衡量貧困與否方法缺乏具體政策指向性；第二,滇西邊境山區(qū)反貧困取得了一定成就,下一步需重點突破,應(yīng)主要改善居民生活能源、住房和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施方面；第三,滇西邊境山區(qū)不同維度、不同區(qū)域的貧困狀況不一,反貧困措施應(yīng)因人而異、因地制宜,扶貧政策應(yīng)當(dāng)適當(dāng)依次向大理、怒江和西雙版納等地區(qū)傾斜。 最后,總結(jié)研究過程和結(jié)果,本文近一步從扶貧對象的目標(biāo)瞄準(zhǔn)、貧困狀況的測度評估、扶貧措施的優(yōu)選三個方面提出了針對性意見,并對研究過程體現(xiàn)出的一些問題提出討論和展望。
[Abstract]:The border mountainous area of western Yunnan is the most concentrated and difficult area in the main battle field of the new round of national poverty alleviation and development, the number of border counties and the number of ethnic minorities living in the world are the most.It is an important part of poverty alleviation and development to assess and monitor the poverty situation in western Yunnan border mountain area from multiple dimensions.Through measurement and evaluation, we can grasp the production and living conditions of rural residents in all aspects, decompose and judge the urgency of the needs of all aspects, which can not only provide a reference basis for the accurate anti-poverty policy formulation of poverty alleviation.It can also provide a way to monitor and evaluate the results of anti-poverty.This study first combs the methods of poverty measurement from the two main lines of dimension selection and multidimensional poverty index selection, summarizes the different measurement indexes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each index horizontally, then further selects "Alkire-Foster method".Based on the data obtained from the sample survey, the multidimensional poverty measurement was carried out on the nine dimensions of housing, education, medical security, electricity, transportation, drinking water, domestic energy, sanitation facilities and information technology in western Yunnan border mountain areas.The multidimensional poverty index is 0. 009, and when K 鈮，

本文編號：1721533