發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 15:31

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：四川民族地區(qū)集中連片特困區(qū)搬遷扶貧研究　出處：《四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 民族地區(qū) 集中連片特困區(qū) 搬遷扶貧

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放30年以來(lái),搬遷扶貧作為我國(guó)重要的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)模式,不同地區(qū)在實(shí)踐過(guò)程中取得了差異性的成效,有成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn),也有失敗的教訓(xùn)。而對(duì)四川民族地區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō),目前的搬遷扶貧形勢(shì)依然嚴(yán)峻。因此,對(duì)四川民族地區(qū)搬遷扶貧情況進(jìn)行深入的評(píng)估,總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),更好的發(fā)揮搬遷扶貧模式在四川民族地區(qū)集中實(shí)現(xiàn)扶貧攻堅(jiān)的目標(biāo),進(jìn)而推進(jìn)四川全省和全國(guó)同步全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)具有重大的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。起止2014年底,四川省集中連片貧困縣共有88個(gè),其中61.4%分布在甘孜州、阿壩州、涼山州等少數(shù)民族地區(qū),所以,民族地區(qū)是全省扶貧攻堅(jiān)的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)——硬骨頭,是在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)階段必須完成的重大歷史任務(wù)。自2001年,四川省民族地區(qū)的搬遷扶貧與藏區(qū)牧民定居行動(dòng)、大小涼山綜合扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)、阿壩州大骨節(jié)病綜合防治、鞏固退耕還林成果生態(tài)移民,以及促進(jìn)秦巴山區(qū)、革命老區(qū)加快發(fā)展等重大民生工程相結(jié)合,因地制宜推進(jìn)民族地區(qū)搬遷扶貧,取得了明顯的成效。然而,與其他貧困地區(qū)相比,民族地區(qū)由于自然環(huán)境、地理位置、歷史文化等因素使其扶貧攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)更加艱巨,特別是這些地區(qū)都處于生態(tài)安全的關(guān)鍵區(qū)域,面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護(hù)的雙重任務(wù)。因此,為實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn),四川很早就把搬遷扶貧作為扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的重要模式來(lái)應(yīng)用和推廣,這是民族地區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求,也是實(shí)現(xiàn)扶貧攻堅(jiān)的必然選擇。所以,在今后的扶貧攻堅(jiān)、全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)當(dāng)中,需要更好的總結(jié)推廣之前積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn),健全和完善搬遷扶貧的模式。本研究認(rèn)為,四川民族地區(qū)扶貧攻堅(jiān)仍然面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn):一是按照全省的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)戰(zhàn)略,四川民族地區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的難度越來(lái)越大,許多脫貧制約因素已經(jīng)不是區(qū)(縣)級(jí)單位所能解決的;二是致貧因素復(fù)雜、返貧率高使得搬遷扶貧模式效益遞減。三是民族貧困地區(qū)增收緩慢,相對(duì)貧困不斷擴(kuò)大。民族貧困地區(qū)市場(chǎng)發(fā)育和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)嚴(yán)重滯后于扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的需要,影響后續(xù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,農(nóng)民增收緩慢。四是扶貧不精準(zhǔn),沒(méi)有建立相應(yīng)的精準(zhǔn)扶貧機(jī)制。由于扶貧政策的不完善,搬遷補(bǔ)助資金不足,資金補(bǔ)助沒(méi)有形成差異化,使得缺乏資金配套的貧困戶(hù)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)搬遷,出現(xiàn)“扶富不扶貧”、“搬富不搬窮”的狀況;五是搬遷扶貧還面臨著一些政策的制約,土地政策、財(cái)政管理體制、戶(hù)籍制度和社會(huì)化保障等政策配套不足。以上情況都迫切需求創(chuàng)新搬遷扶貧模式來(lái)破解。因此,本研究認(rèn)為今后的搬遷扶貧要特別注重以下幾方面問(wèn)題:在搬遷扶貧模式上,將扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)與城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合,推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化無(wú)土搬遷模式的實(shí)施。搬遷扶貧模式要與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)、新農(nóng)村建設(shè)相結(jié)合,實(shí)現(xiàn)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)與生態(tài)保護(hù)雙贏的目標(biāo);在扶貧瞄準(zhǔn)機(jī)制上,要精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別貧困對(duì)象,針對(duì)貧困人口的具體貧困原因?qū)嵤┚珳?zhǔn)幫扶,提高扶貧效率;在扶貧資金上,探索分級(jí)分層多元的搬遷扶貧資金投入機(jī)制,不但要進(jìn)行各部門(mén)、各項(xiàng)目之間的資金整合,還要積極引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資金的投入;在扶貧項(xiàng)目發(fā)展上,要根據(jù)貧困地區(qū)、貧困人口的具體情況進(jìn)行實(shí)施,更多向貧困人口傾斜,提高扶貧精度。同時(shí),要積極創(chuàng)新搬遷群眾的參與機(jī)制,提高搬遷對(duì)象的主體作用。
[Abstract]:30 years since the reform and opening up, the relocation of poverty as an important model of poverty alleviation and development in our country, different regions have different effects in the process of practice, have successful experience, but also failures. But in Sichuan ethnic areas, the relocation of poverty situation is still grim. Therefore, in-depth assessment of the relocation poverty in ethnic areas of Sichuan, summarize its experience and lessons, better play mode and realize the relocation of poverty poverty alleviation goals in Sichuan ethnic areas, and promote the development of great theoretical and practical significance in Sichuan province and the national synchronized well-off society. Since the end of 2014, Sichuan province has 88 poverty-stricken counties. Of which 61.4% are located in Ganzi, ABA, Liangshan and other ethnic minority areas, therefore, the province's poverty alleviation in minority areas is the main battlefield of bones, is in the comprehensive construction well-off The major historical task of social stage must be completed. Since 2001, the ethnic areas in Sichuan province of the relocation of poverty and Tibetan herdsmen, the size of Liangshan comprehensive poverty alleviation and development, the ABA Kaschin Beck disease comprehensive prevention and control, consolidating the results of returning farmland to forest ecological migration, and promote the Qinba mountain area, the old revolutionary base areas to accelerate the development of major livelihood projects combined according to local conditions to promote the relocation of poverty in ethnic minority areas, and achieved remarkable results. However, compared with other poor areas, ethnic minority areas due to the natural environment, geographical location, cultural factors such as history of the poverty alleviation task more difficult, especially in these areas are in the key areas of ecological security, confronted with the dual task of economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, to promote the coordination of economic development and environmental protection, Sichuan very early to the relocation of poverty as an important mode of poverty alleviation and development application This is the reality of demand and promotion, poverty alleviation and development in minority areas, is also the inevitable choice to achieve poverty alleviation. So, in the future of poverty alleviation, the well-off society, to summarize and popularize better prior to the accumulation of experience, improve and perfect the relocation of poverty alleviation mode. This study suggests that poverty alleviation in Sichuan ethnic areas still facing new challenges: one is in accordance with the province's poverty alleviation strategy, poverty alleviation and development of Sichuan ethnic areas is more and more difficult, many factors have not poverty district (county) level units can be resolved; two is the cause of poverty is complex, high rate of poverty makes the relocation of poverty alleviation mode benefit decline. Three is the slow increase of national poverty, relative poverty continues to expand. Minority poverty area market development and infrastructure construction is seriously lagging behind in poverty alleviation and development, follow-up industry development, farmers' Income Slowly The four is slow. Poverty is not accurate, did not establish corresponding mechanism. Due to the precise poverty poverty alleviation policy is not perfect, the relocation grants funded, funding has not formed the difference, the lack of funds supporting the poor households cannot move, "helping the rich not poor", "move the rich not to move the poor" situation; the five is the relocation of poverty is also facing some policy constraints, land policy, financial management system, the household registration system and social security policy deficiencies. All the urgent needs of innovation mode to solve the relocation of poverty. Therefore, this study identified for future relocation of poverty alleviation should pay special attention to the following aspects: in the relocation of poverty alleviation mode on poverty alleviation and development of urban development closely, promote the implementation of the urbanization mode. To move without soil and ecological environment protection in the relocation of poverty model, combined with the new rural construction, implementation of poverty alleviation and development With the goal of win-win ecological protection; in poverty alleviation aiming mechanism, to accurately identify the object of poverty, the implementation of precise helping specific causes of poverty poverty, improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation; in the poverty alleviation funds, explore the classification mechanism of poverty alleviation funds move hierarchical multiple, but not to all departments, financial integration between the various projects. To actively guide social capital investment; in the poverty alleviation project development, according to the specific situation in poor areas, poor implementation, more inclined to the poor, poverty alleviation and improve precision. At the same time, to participate in the mechanism of positive innovation to move the masses, improve the main role of relocation of the object.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.8

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本文編號(hào)：1410141