本文選題：農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行　切入點(diǎn)：IPO　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行是在農(nóng)村信用合作社的基礎(chǔ)上改制而成的地方性金融機(jī)構(gòu),是支持"小微企業(yè)"和"三農(nóng)"發(fā)展,服務(wù)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的地方性商業(yè)銀行。既是農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)中的中堅(jiān)力量,也是我國(guó)銀行業(yè)的重要組成部分,為地方經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、中小微企業(yè)發(fā)展和城鄉(xiāng)居民服務(wù)做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。2010年12月,重慶農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行在香港聯(lián)交所掛牌上市,被認(rèn)為是繼國(guó)有控股大型銀行、股份制商業(yè)銀行和城市商業(yè)銀行批量集中上市之后,我國(guó)銀行業(yè)的"第四梯隊(duì)"農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行正式拉開上市序幕。農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)行上市具有持續(xù)補(bǔ)充資本、促進(jìn)改革轉(zhuǎn)型和提升知名度等眾多好處,然而農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行由于是在農(nóng)村信用合作社的基礎(chǔ)上改制而來,普遍存在著股權(quán)管理混亂、股東人數(shù)眾多、資產(chǎn)不良率高等歷史遺留問題,并不是所有的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行都適合走掛牌上市的道路。安徽省作為全國(guó)第一家農(nóng)合機(jī)構(gòu)全面改制成農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行的省份,到目前為止,尚未有農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行成功發(fā)行上市。合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)過十來年的快速發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為安徽具有一定規(guī)模、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理比較規(guī)范、發(fā)展前景可期的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行。因此,本文選取合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行作為研究對(duì)象,分析其是否具有上市可行性。本文首先對(duì)合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、取得的成就以及上市計(jì)劃等進(jìn)行介紹,并分析了合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行上市的必要性。然后,對(duì)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行上市應(yīng)具備的條件進(jìn)行總結(jié)。第一,根據(jù)《首次公開發(fā)行股票并上市管理辦法》,從主體資格、規(guī)范運(yùn)營(yíng)、財(cái)務(wù)與會(huì)計(jì)、信息披露等方面分析證監(jiān)會(huì)對(duì)企業(yè)上市所要求的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn);第二,由于農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行的特殊性,仍需要符合證監(jiān)會(huì)對(duì)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行上市的特別規(guī)定以及銀監(jiān)會(huì)對(duì)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行在資本狀況、撥備情況、盈利能力、流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等方面的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。其次對(duì)合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行上市條件進(jìn)行分析,第一,從宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)與金融環(huán)境、公司所處行業(yè)以及公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)狀況角度分析合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行所面臨的上市環(huán)境;第二,從公司治理、公司財(cái)務(wù)、股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、資產(chǎn)規(guī)模與業(yè)務(wù)全面性、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管核心指標(biāo)等五個(gè)方面將合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行的具體情況對(duì)照發(fā)行上市審核標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并與已經(jīng)上市的農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行進(jìn)行橫向?qū)Ρ?再結(jié)合影響合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行上市的其他因素,判斷得出合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行具備著有利的上市環(huán)境,已經(jīng)初步具備上市條件,但是仍然存在以下問題,一是資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)有待優(yōu)化,資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量有待提升;二是貸款集中度過高,區(qū)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大;三是收入結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,盈利的可持續(xù)性能力仍需增強(qiáng);四是股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)不完善,獨(dú)立性問題有待解決。最后,為了加快合肥科技農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行發(fā)行上市,本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)從以下四個(gè)方面做出改善:第一,優(yōu)化資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),提升資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,降低不良率;第二,應(yīng)當(dāng)降低貸款集中度,優(yōu)化信貸資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)跨區(qū)經(jīng)營(yíng);第三,立足服務(wù)"小微企業(yè)"和"三農(nóng)",優(yōu)化營(yíng)業(yè)收入結(jié)構(gòu),增強(qiáng)盈利的可持續(xù)性能力;第四,優(yōu)化股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu),健全權(quán)力制衡機(jī)制,增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行獨(dú)立性。
[Abstract]:Rural commercial bank is a local financial institution in rural credit cooperatives transformed, is to support the development of Small and micro businesses "and" three agriculture ", serving the local economy and local commercial banks. As the backbone of rural financial institutions, is also an important part of China's banking industry, for the local economy the construction and development of small and micro enterprises and urban and rural residents have made outstanding contributions to the.2010 service in December of that year, Chongqing rural commercial bank listed on the Hongkong stock exchange, is regarded as one of the large state-owned banks, after the joint-stock commercial banks and City Commercial Bank batch on the market, China's banking industry's" fourth Echelon "rural commercial bank officially opened the prelude. The listed Rural Commercial Bank IPO has continued to replenish capital, promote the reform of transformation and enhance the visibility and many other benefits, but the rural commercial banks as in agricultural Based on the rural credit cooperatives restructuring, widespread equity management confusion, the number of large shareholders, the higher rate of historical problems of bad assets, not all are suitable for rural commercial banks listed on the road. Take Anhui Province as the country's first agricultural institutions comprehensive restructuring into rural commercial banks to the provinces. So far, there has not been a rural commercial bank listed successfully. Science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank after ten years of rapid development, Anhui has become a certain scale, management norms, the development prospects of the period of rural commercial banks. Therefore, this paper selects the science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank as the research object, whether it has listed the feasibility analysis. Firstly, the Rural Commercial Bank of Hefei science and technology development status, achievements and listing plans are introduced, and an analysis of Hefei The necessity of rural science and technology listed commercial banks. Then, the rural commercial bank listed conditions are summarized. First, according to the IPO and listing management approach ", from the main qualifications, standardize operations, finance and accounting, analysis of the basic standards of the Commission listed the requirements of enterprise information disclosure and other aspects; second, because of the particularity of the rural commercial bank, still need to comply with the Commission on the special provisions of the listing of rural commercial bank and the CBRC to rural commercial bank in the capital, provision, profitability, liquidity risk, credit risk and other aspects of basic standards. Secondly, analysis of science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank listing conditions first, from the macro economic and financial environment, the industry competition situation and the company of Hefei science and technology of rural commercial bank faces the market environment; second, From the corporate governance, corporate finance, equity structure, asset size and business integrity, the five aspects of core indicators for the risk management of the specific situation of Hefei science and technology of rural commercial bank control issuing and listing standards, and has listed rural commercial banks on horizontal ratio, combined with other factors of science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank listing the judge of science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank has a favorable market environment, we have listed conditions, but some problems still exist, one is the asset structure needs to be optimized, asset quality should be improved; two is the concentration of loans high risk area; three is the unreasonable income structure, ability of sustainable profitability is still to enhance; the four is the equity structure is not perfect, the independence of the problems to be solved. Finally, in order to speed up the science and technology of Hefei rural commercial bank listed on the stock market, this paper. To be improved from the following four aspects: first, optimize the asset structure, improve asset quality, reduce non-performing rate; second, should reduce the loan concentration, optimize the structure of credit assets, the realization of cross operation; third, based on the service "Small and micro businesses" and "three agriculture", optimize revenue structure, enhance the ability of sustainability profit; fourth, optimize the ownership structure, perfecting the mechanism of balance of power, strengthen rural commercial bank independence.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F832.35;F832.51

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