本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于盈余結(jié)構(gòu)的上市公司盈余質(zhì)量研究　出處：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和資本市場的繁榮,企業(yè)盈余質(zhì)量問題越來越受到社會各界的廣泛關(guān)注。自20世紀30年代,盈余的概念產(chǎn)生以來,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者進行了很多研究,并得出了一些較有價值的研究結(jié)論。但從現(xiàn)有研究成果看,其研究主要集中于現(xiàn)金流、質(zhì)量特征以及評價指標方面。對上市公司來說,盈余更是極其重要的財務(wù)指標,涉及到公司股票發(fā)行、股票增發(fā)、股票投資價值、是否ST等一系列重大問題。因此,進行盈余管理幾乎是每個公司必然遇到并經(jīng)常采用的手段之一。特別是近年來,多數(shù)行業(yè)上市公司的業(yè)績有所下滑,企業(yè)的利潤結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了較大改變,投資收益在企業(yè)利潤所占比重也越來越大。但由于投資收益具有一定的不確定性,其組成部分中有些并不具有可持續(xù)性,因而,在投資收益占據(jù)利潤主導(dǎo)地位的情況下,企業(yè)盈余的質(zhì)量越來越引起信息使用者的關(guān)注。本文在梳理國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻的基礎(chǔ)上,對企業(yè)的盈余結(jié)構(gòu)進行了理論分析,包括投資收益的來源、上市公司整體盈余結(jié)構(gòu)情況以及盈余不同組成部分的持久性。理論分析得出投資收益的盈余持久性顯著小于經(jīng)營利潤的盈余持久性。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,選取我國深市A股上市公司2010-2015年的利潤表數(shù)據(jù)具體分析了各個行業(yè)盈余結(jié)構(gòu)的具體情況,進而分析比較了不同行業(yè)之間盈余質(zhì)量的差異。同時,本文采用了多元線性回歸分析、描述性統(tǒng)計分析、獨立樣本T檢驗,以及比較分析等方法,較深入地分析了我國深市A股2014年扭虧企業(yè)在扭虧過程中投資收益的貢獻程度,將企業(yè)利潤分解為經(jīng)營利潤、投資收益、公允價值變動損益以及其他部分等四個部分進行了相關(guān)研究,提出了上市公司盈余質(zhì)量分析的基本思路和方法,據(jù)以提出了相應(yīng)的對策建議。數(shù)據(jù)分析以國泰安數(shù)據(jù)庫資料為樣本,通過分析,得出偏向于實業(yè)的建筑業(yè)以及制造業(yè)的盈余最具可持續(xù)性,而房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的利潤并沒有較好的預(yù)測性,在企業(yè)扭虧的成因分析中,投資收益因素起到了重要的調(diào)節(jié)作用。通過本文研究,不僅為投資者以及其他會計信息使用者全面客觀地分析企業(yè)的盈余質(zhì)量提供了基本思路和方法,而且進一步拓展了企業(yè)盈余質(zhì)量評價體系,可以為進一步完善企業(yè)績效評價體系提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the prosperity of capital market, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of earnings quality of enterprises. Since 1930s, the concept of earnings has come into being. Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research, and have drawn some valuable conclusions. But from the existing research results, its research is mainly focused on cash flow. Quality characteristics and evaluation indicators. For listed companies, earnings is an extremely important financial indicators, involving the company's stock issuance, stock issuance, stock investment value. Therefore, earnings management is one of the methods that almost every company must meet and often adopt. Especially in recent years, the performance of listed companies in most industries has declined. The profit structure of enterprises has changed greatly, and the proportion of investment income in enterprise profits has become larger and larger. However, due to the uncertainty of investment income, some of its components are not sustainable. Therefore, under the situation that investment income occupies the dominant position of profit, the quality of enterprise earnings has attracted more and more attention of information users. This paper combs the relevant literature at home and abroad. The earnings structure of enterprises is analyzed theoretically, including the source of investment income. Theoretical analysis shows that the earnings persistence of investment income is significantly smaller than that of operating profit. On the basis of theoretical analysis. The profit statement data of listed companies in Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2015 are selected to analyze the specific situation of earnings structure in various industries. At the same time, this paper uses multiple linear regression analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, independent sample T-test, and comparative analysis. This paper deeply analyzes the contribution degree of the investment income in the process of the A share turnaround in the Shenzhen Stock Market in 2014, and decomposes the profit into the operating profit and the investment income. Fair value change gains and losses and other parts of the four parts of the relevant research, put forward the listed company earnings quality analysis of the basic ideas and methods. Based on the analysis, the author puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The data analysis takes Cathay Taian database as the sample. Through the analysis, the author draws the conclusion that the surplus of construction industry and manufacturing industry is the most sustainable. But the real estate industry profit does not have the good predictability, in the enterprise turns the loss the reason analysis, the investment income factor has played the important adjustment function. It not only provides basic ideas and methods for investors and other accounting information users to analyze the earnings quality of enterprises comprehensively and objectively, but also further expands the evaluation system of earnings quality. It can provide some theoretical guidance for the further improvement of enterprise performance evaluation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F275;F832.51

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